英语语法复
词类：英语词通常分十类：
1名词(n)事物名称pen(钢笔)English(英语)life(生活)
2代词(pron)代名词词we()his()all(全部)
3形容词(adj)修饰名词great(伟)honest(诚实)difficult(困难)
4数词(num)表示少第词four(四)eighteen(十八)first(第)eighth(十八)hundred(百)
5动词(v)表示动作状态write(写)walk(行走)think(想)
6副词(adv)修饰动词形容词副词词quickly(快)often(常)very()
7冠词(art)说明名词指物词aan()the()
8介词(prep)表示名词(代词)句子里词关系from()in(…)between(…间)
9连词(conj)连接词短语句句子词and()because()if(假)
二句子成分（谓宾定状补）
1语
语表示句子说明事物般名词代词数词定式等充He likes watching TV
2谓语
谓语说明语动作状态特征
般分两类：
1)简单谓语
动词(短语动词)构成时态语态语气
He likes watching TV
2)复合谓语：情态动词定式
I can speak English He asks me to write a letter
3表语
表语谓语部分位系动词be说明语身份特征属性状态般名词代词形容词副词定式介词短语等充
I am a teacher
例：Tom is a boy(Tom男孩）语Tom系词be动词第三称单数is表语a boy
4宾语
宾语表示动作行象物动词作宾语名词代词数词动词定式等
We all like playing basketball
物动词带两宾语指指物指间接宾语指物直接宾语
He gave me a gift
例：The boy needs a pen（语the boy谓语needs(need第三称单数形式)宾语a pen ）
5 定语
句中修饰名词代词成分定语作定语形容词代词数词名词副词动词定式介词短语等
形容词代词数词名词等作定语时通常放修饰词前面
A形容词作定语： ｛定语置前｝
The little boy needs a blue pen(little修饰名词boyblue修饰名词pen）男孩需支兰色钢笔
Tom is a handsome boyTom英俊男孩
There is a good boy乖男孩
B数词作定语相形容词：Two boys need two pens两男孩需两支钢笔
The two boys are students两男孩学生
There are two boys in the room房间里两男孩
C代词名词格作定语：｛定语置前｝
His boy needs Tom\'s pen男孩需Tom钢笔
His name is Tom名字汤姆
There are two boys of Toms thereTom家两男孩
D名词作定语： ｛定语置前｝
The boy needs a ball pen男孩需支圆珠笔
It is a ball pen支圆珠笔
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box铅笔盒里支圆珠笔
E介词短语作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours教室里男孩需支钢笔
The boy in blue is Tom穿兰色衣服孩子汤姆
There are two boys of 9and three of 10两9岁三10岁男孩
F副词作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy there needs a pen男孩需支钢笔
The best boy here is Tom里棒男孩Tom
G定式作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy to write this letter needs a pen写封信男孩需支钢笔
There is nothing to do today天事做
（注意：副词动词定式介词短语等作定语时放修饰词
The bike in the room is mine）
H分词（短语）作定语：｛定语置｝
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother微笑男孩需支妈妈买钢笔
The pen bought by her is made in China买笔中国产
There are five boys left五留男孩钢笔
（副词动词定式介词短语等作定语时放修饰词
The bike in the room is mine）
6 状语
状语修饰动词形容词副词全句说明方式果条件时间点步方程度目等 状语句子中位置灵活常见情况：通常句子基结构强调时放句首修饰形容词副词时通常位修饰词前表示时间点目状语般位句子两头强调时放句首点状语般须时间状语前表示确定时间（：often）程度（：almost）副词状语通常位be动词助动词情态动词动词前
时状语句中某位置会引起歧义应注意：The boy calls the girl in the classroom般理解成男孩喊教室里女孩（时in the classroomgirl定语）理解男孩教室里喊女孩’（时in the classroom点状语）写作In the classroomthe boy calls the girl\'
副词（短语）作状语： ｛状语置｝
The boy needs a pen very much男孩非常需支钢笔（程度状语）
The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother男孩非常需母亲买支钢笔（宾语较长状语前置）
The boy really needs a pen男孩真需支钢笔（确定程度状语置动词前）
The boy needs a pen nowNowthe boy needs a penThe boynowneeds a pen男孩现需支钢笔（时间状语）
介词短语作状语：｛强调状语置前｝
In the classroomthe boy needs a pen教室里男孩需支钢笔（点状语）
Before his motherTom is always a boy母亲面前汤姆总男孩子(条件状语)
On Sundaysthere is no student in the classroom星期天教室里没学生(时间状语)
分词（短语）作状语：｛状语置｝
He sits thereasking for a pen坐支笔（表示伴状态）
Having to finish his homeworkthe boy needs a pen完成作业男孩需支笔（原状语强调置前）
Frightenedhe sits there soundlessly（）受惊吓声坐（原状语）
定式作状语：
The boy needs a pen to do his homework男孩需支笔写家庭作业（目状语置前）
To make his dream come trueTom becomes very interested in business实现梦想汤姆变商业兴趣 （目状语强调时置前）
名词作状语： ｛状语置｝
Come this way走条路（方状语）
7 补语
说明宾语语处状态正进行动作作补语词词组：形容词副词名词定式ing形式数词等
英语中动词加宾语意思然完整：make()ask(请)等等说：祖国应该说：祖国更美丽时美丽（beautiful)做补语说明祖国状态
We will make our country more beautiful
宾补
宾语补足语补充说明宾语
I know you are a student good at maths(句子中good at maths 补语)
I know you are student who is good at maths(宾语补语句子)
I see you crossing the street(ing 形式)
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词类：英语词通常分十类：
1名词(n)事物名称pen(钢笔)English(英语)life(生活)
2代词(pron)代名词词we()his()all(全部)
3形容词(adj)修饰名词great(伟)honest(诚实)difficult(困难)
4数词(num)表示少第词four(四)eighteen(十八)first(第)eighth(十八)hundred(百)
5动词(v)表示动作状态write(写)walk(行走)think(想)
6副词(adv)修饰动词形容词副词词quickly(快)often(常)very()
7冠词(art)说明名词指物词aan()the()
8介词(prep)表示名词(代词)句子里词关系from()in(…)between(…间)
9连词(conj)连接词短语句句子词and()because()if(假)
二句子成分（谓宾定状补）
1语
语表示句子说明事物般名词代词数词定式等充He likes watching TV
2谓语
谓语说明语动作状态特征
般分两类：
1)简单谓语
动词(短语动词)构成时态语态语气
He likes watching TV
2)复合谓语：情态动词定式
I can speak English He asks me to write a letter
3表语
表语谓语部分位系动词be说明语身份特征属性状态般名词代词形容词副词定式介词短语等充
I am a teacher
例：Tom is a boy(Tom男孩）语Tom系词be动词第三称单数is表语a boy
4宾语
宾语表示动作行象物动词作宾语名词代词数词动词定式等
We all like playing basketball
物动词带两宾语指指物指间接宾语指物直接宾语
He gave me a gift
例：The boy needs a pen（语the boy谓语needs(need第三称单数形式)宾语a pen ）
5 定语
句中修饰名词代词成分定语作定语形容词代词数词名词副词动词定式介词短语等
形容词代词数词名词等作定语时通常放修饰词前面
A形容词作定语： ｛定语置前｝
The little boy needs a blue pen(little修饰名词boyblue修饰名词pen）男孩需支兰色钢笔
Tom is a handsome boyTom英俊男孩
There is a good boy乖男孩
B数词作定语相形容词：Two boys need two pens两男孩需两支钢笔
The two boys are students两男孩学生
There are two boys in the room房间里两男孩
C代词名词格作定语：｛定语置前｝
His boy needs Tom\'s pen男孩需Tom钢笔
His name is Tom名字汤姆
There are two boys of Toms thereTom家两男孩
D名词作定语： ｛定语置前｝
The boy needs a ball pen男孩需支圆珠笔
It is a ball pen支圆珠笔
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box铅笔盒里支圆珠笔
E介词短语作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours教室里男孩需支钢笔
The boy in blue is Tom穿兰色衣服孩子汤姆
There are two boys of 9and three of 10两9岁三10岁男孩
F副词作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy there needs a pen男孩需支钢笔
The best boy here is Tom里棒男孩Tom
G定式作定语： ｛定语置｝
The boy to write this letter needs a pen写封信男孩需支钢笔
There is nothing to do today天事做
（注意：副词动词定式介词短语等作定语时放修饰词
The bike in the room is mine）
H分词（短语）作定语：｛定语置｝
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother微笑男孩需支妈妈买钢笔
The pen bought by her is made in China买笔中国产
There are five boys left五留男孩钢笔
（副词动词定式介词短语等作定语时放修饰词
The bike in the room is mine）
6 状语
状语修饰动词形容词副词全句说明方式果条件时间点步方程度目等 状语句子中位置灵活常见情况：通常句子基结构强调时放句首修饰形容词副词时通常位修饰词前表示时间点目状语般位句子两头强调时放句首点状语般须时间状语前表示确定时间（：often）程度（：almost）副词状语通常位be动词助动词情态动词动词前
时状语句中某位置会引起歧义应注意：The boy calls the girl in the classroom般理解成男孩喊教室里女孩（时in the classroomgirl定语）理解男孩教室里喊女孩’（时in the classroom点状语）写作In the classroomthe boy calls the girl\'
副词（短语）作状语： ｛状语置｝
The boy needs a pen very much男孩非常需支钢笔（程度状语）
The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother男孩非常需母亲买支钢笔（宾语较长状语前置）
The boy really needs a pen男孩真需支钢笔（确定程度状语置动词前）
The boy needs a pen nowNowthe boy needs a penThe boynowneeds a pen男孩现需支钢笔（时间状语）
介词短语作状语：｛强调状语置前｝
In the classroomthe boy needs a pen教室里男孩需支钢笔（点状语）
Before his motherTom is always a boy母亲面前汤姆总男孩子(条件状语)
On Sundaysthere is no student in the classroom星期天教室里没学生(时间状语)
分词（短语）作状语：｛状语置｝
He sits thereasking for a pen坐支笔（表示伴状态）
Having to finish his homeworkthe boy needs a pen完成作业男孩需支笔（原状语强调置前）
Frightenedhe sits there soundlessly（）受惊吓声坐（原状语）
定式作状语：
The boy needs a pen to do his homework男孩需支笔写家庭作业（目状语置前）
To make his dream come trueTom becomes very interested in business实现梦想汤姆变商业兴趣 （目状语强调时置前）
名词作状语： ｛状语置｝
Come this way走条路（方状语）
7 补语
说明宾语语处状态正进行动作作补语词词组：形容词副词名词定式ing形式数词等
英语中动词加宾语意思然完整：make()ask(请)等等说：祖国应该说：祖国更美丽时美丽（beautiful)做补语说明祖国状态
We will make our country more beautiful
宾补
宾语补足语补充说明宾语
I know you are a student good at maths(句子中good at maths 补语)
I know you are student who is good at maths(宾语补语句子)
I see you crossing the street(ing 形式)
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
