首字母阅读专项突破
l 知识点：首字母填空基求特点
首字母填空类短文题年中考试题常采题型非常信度效度拉开考生间分差提高区分度种题型属力测试范畴考查范围极广英语知识方方面面涉学科求考生充分理解短文基础单词拼写出单词形式合理符合语法规范符合短文需种试题首字母已填必须该字母开头单词种限制种提示种题型难度相较考生失分现象较严重学生仔细阅读全文利文提供关信息仔细阅读相关句子判断缺单词句子成分完成练首字母填空类短文题中考试卷中难题型测量考生实际运语言力做类题目考生较强语感善体会文联系扎实语言知识储备较词汇量
l 知识点：首字母填空考查范围中考趋势
年考题短文填空题考查单词涉词性范围较广涉十词类文中涉语言知识面较宽学生需运已学词法句法常词组短语惯法等知识进行具体分析答题定难度文章短精致字数通常100～150间短文体裁记叙文说明文议文等短文题材丰富容通俗易懂现代生活紧密相关：英国分期付款购房度假回路买家具事食物年龄段影响驯化动物做事情等读性趣味性强符合初中生认知特点
l 知识点：首字母填空解题基步骤
1 通读短文全文抓住高频词握意
短文中词未知影响文章容理解初步阅读中跳空格量捕捉文章提供容信息语法结构方面提示助步分析判断 做题时定先掌握文章中心意中获取文章基结构体裁题时态等相关信息正确高效答题提供坚实基础保障
2 确定词性缩选词范围
通读全文掌握意瞻前顾结合空格前容语法句法固定搭配等方面确定空格填词性文意中找出句文句句词句词词间关系尤易察觉隐含微妙关系已知信息获取未知信息便初步确定词性
（money）n 处填写词性？
具体文章联系文结合句子成分等语法：
处填写 v prep adj nart
earn money
for money(work for money)
类推缜密分析然确定词性
3 仔细推敲判断题目类型选出正确词汇
词性判断正确缩选词范围重步分析题目类型谓题目类型指题目考察力容
1）语法题考查学生语法技 the boy asked me loudly w he would be offered the job 宾语句引导词whether
2）句法题句法题句子成分角度判定填词汇
the boy tells me loudly w he thinks is the key point 宾语句引导词what
3）逻辑题考查学生逻辑推理理解力
A month later Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money s_________ he phoned him
注意句子前句间逻辑关系里果关系填so
4）文语意题句子成分角度判定填词汇
5）常识题 Berlin is the c of the united Germany
常识知柏林德国首答案：capital
6）固定搭配题 i of 空格出应填写 instead
4 确定词汇正确形式
词选代表正确答案次确定否填写正确形式
果名词应注意数变化格变化
果动词需注意根句中语法功确定正确时态语态非谓语动词形式
果形容词副词注意级变化
果代词注意格宾格形容词性名词性物代词反身代词等变化
果连词注意列句状语句宾语句中法等
批注：填入词句意通做语法词搭配正确bought易误答成buylights易误答成lightreaches易误答成reach heavier易误答成heavy等 初步确定答案定反复考虑仔细推敲确保词准确
5 注意首字母填空中关键性词orandbut
orand前词性致词义相反相happy and cheerful sadness and happiness
but 前词性致词义相反
6．复读全文全面检查
答题完毕复读全文进行核查必少做完题定认真检查量减少粗心致笔误拼写错误疑问方更根文章容文语法结构逻辑发展进行反复斟酌样量避免失分填完单词孤立逐词检查应复读全文仔细检查填词否符合文章情景容读起否畅否合句法单词拼写否误单词形式否正确等发现问题时更正
l 知识点：首字母填空解题技巧
1 惯法固定搭配填出简单项
例1：Houston passed a on February 11 2012 The cause of her death is still unknown
解析：根空格文空格处想表达Houston世日期容易想固定搭配：pass away填词汇属虚词需注意特殊形式
答案：away
例2：In some cultures h receiving money can make people uncomfortable
解析：根空格处句型结构容易想however惯法作插入语表达转折含义带入原文前文文间实属转折关系填写正确however属虚词需注意特殊形式
答案：however
例3：I only hope t you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it
解析：观查整句子空格前hope容易想空格处考查hope惯法hope to do者hope that接句子法想that代面句子结构完整
答案：that
例4：Often your headache is from your too much a 81 paid to one thing解析：题考查固定搭配：pay attention to 变形形式般学生难发现词组求学生整句子够分析透彻相类似法take action to do sth等词组中带名词动词短语容易出题者变形动语态者诸题定语出现情形
答案：attention
批注：引导学生惯法固定搭配进行填词特殊句子结构牢记注意实词形式
2 词性填写：注意词性变化时态语态
名词：点注意名词单复数属格
判断填写名词基方法：名词区类基特征：名词前加冠词
例1：She didn’t feel happy with her husband The c often quarreled or even fought with each other and she began to take drugs(毒品)
解析：首先根空格前结构般名词前定冠词the often缺少作语动作执行者判定处填写名词紧接着文讲Huston婚姻fought with each other词表达两容易想couple 名词
答案：couple
例2：If someone has thought about a g for me it always makes me happy
解析：空格前定冠词a确定处填写数名词单数形式数名词基特性通观全文讲关付出予容容易想gift单词果想礼物话会开心
答案：gift
例3：Carrots are grown on farms and in small family gardens all over the world It is one of the most popular sweet v
解析：首先根句子判断词性空格句子明显句子：one of the most形容词高级修饰名词结构判断出空格处名词接着根句作旨句句子讲carrot接着解释说明胡萝卜属蔬菜类容易想处填写vegetable时注意one of+the+高级+名词复数（…）结构填写vegetables
答案：vegetables
例4：Li Feng quickly picked it up to answer the call It was from a good friend of his m
解析：首先然判断词性his属物代词判断处形容词性物代词面需加名词填写时务必需注意名词格形式处属典型a friend of 结构符合名词双重格结构妈妈朋友填写mother’s[源ZxxkCom]
答案：mother’s
动词：需注意时态语态非谓语动词
判断否动词基方法：句子类型英语中句子核心动词掉充句子修饰部分枝叶留骨干部分否完整句子否缺少核心骨动词诸助动词加动词原形情态动词须动词等知识点赘述讲解动词专题时带着详述
例1：Houston began singing with New Jersey church’s choir (唱诗班) at age 11 Later she began performing with her mother in the New York City she was d by Clive Davis—head of the Arista Records
解析：首先判断空格处需填写词性：空格处前beby出动词动语态结构接根句意Houston11岁时开始唱歌然妈妈纽约表演成明星里解释走明星路某唱片公司老总容易想发现发掘填写单词discover规动词动：discovered
答案：discovered
例2：Drink a bottle of warm water Many people do not r that the dry air in their working place can be a danger because of the lack(缺少) of water
解析：首先句缺乏谓语动词般现时助动词动词原形
次根句意猜测空单词工作中空气太干燥潜危险事实知道解方面没意识realize词
答案：realize
批注realize中考首字母填空常考词汇提醒考生考前应温中考常考单词固定搭配
例3：Therapy animals go into h 74 and nursing homes These animals lower the stress levels of people who are very sick or who have just had operations They also encourage people to recover
解析：根空位置判断处应该填nursing homes列点名词根面说鼓励恢复联想起hospitalnursing homes列应该复数
答案：hospitals
批注：提醒学生日常学练中注意积累义词外需语首字母填空容易受短文题材影响书面语更强词汇
形容词副词：需注意较级高级
形容词修饰名词位名词前代词位置前者出现系动词构成系表结构出现the ____ +名词even___ ___than般认形容词根形容词区词类特性（较级高级）
副词形容词相似较级高级般修饰动词程度副词频率副词等考查重点常考副词：表强调副词onlyevenespeciallystillalsoalwaysalmostalready表否定 hardlyneverseldomrarely等句中逗号隔开however句againtogetheraltogetherinsteadsoonanywhere等句前sometimesusually等时学做题时留心总结高频出现词增加做题信心帮助
例1：The woman explained that she was b 68 and that the dog Hampton acted as her eyes helping her navigate (引导) her way a 69 the city
解析：首先根文章句义狗相眼睛说明失明
答案：blind around[源Z+xx+kCom]
例2：Hampton is m 71 than a pet He helps me do the things that I need to do in the city the woman explained
解析：根空格面than判断空应该填较级根句子意思Hampton 条狗助手填more than
答案：more
例3：Warm days and cool nights are the b time to grow great tasty carrots The quickest way to know if a carrot is ready to be harvested(收获) is to see its color（2012年南京白区模）
解析：空格名词前想形容词者空格前the 想形容词高级短音节形容词较级者特殊形容词高级根句 the quickest样想形容词高级表达褒义词难想时间时间best time
答案：best
批注：提醒学生注意整理修饰较级高级词汇修饰较级evenmucha lota bita littlestillfar等
例4：Alana was on the diet or two months Her doctor was pleased with her You have been very good he said You can eat some of the foods you like best But only a little Don’t eat too many sweets…If you do you will get a lot of weight a_________
… But when you eat it it makes you sick It’s not a good food for you You are right said Frank Well I’ll eat more cake i_________
解析：题中出现两题填副词句末分析句子缺少成分基确定填副词略微文基确定填again instead
答案：again instead
代词 注意称代词物代词反身代词
首字母填空中常填定代词反身代词果够正确分析句子缺成分类填词容易分外代词填写集中称代词物代词反身代词
例1：When someone gives me money it just makes me think they’re being lazy says John Wilson In England we have a saying It’s the thought that counts When s gives me moneyit just makes me think they’re being lazy says John Wilson
解析：题属相较简单题根文明显出填写someonesomebody提醒注意复合定代词属格说someone’s anyone’s等法注意判断否接名词否名词间属关系属格：Is this someone’s seat
答案：someonesomebody
例2：E_________ went wrong at the station People were late and they were panicking（惊恐）
解析：首先句缺少语语sbsth
次根半句People were late and they were panicking（惊恐）简单判断出第句表述切问题处填everythingeverybody
答案：everythingeverybody
例3：If you can’t get to sleep after half an hour get up and do s__________ quiet like reading
解析：句动词do缺少宾语sth加面形容词提示定代词放形容词前确定填something
答案：something
连词：注意复合句中法
连词首字母填空中常出现连接句分析确定填连词翻译句连词确定常考连词b开头butbecausebeforeu开头untilunlesswh宾语句连接词althoughthoughso等判断否连词两句子否完整句子完整两句子间关系：列转折等选择相应连词副词连词词（：when）注意时整理类词首字母填空中常考词性
例1：T some people were not satisfied with Houston’s acting the film was a great success making more than 410 million worldwide
解析：空格句子完整缺少句子成分句间逗号连接说明处复合句观查两句子间关系够出属转折关系：然满Houston演技电影成功
答案：Though
例2：However he lost heart w_______ a lovely young woman opened the door
解析：空格前句子然完整缺少句子成分判定连词容易想when…时候处作连词
答案：when
例3：A month later Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money s_________ he phoned him
解析：he phoned him句子前面逗号确定前句句翻译句意知道两句果关系：Christopher没收Jeff信钱电话确定答案
答案：so
例4：And even if you aren’t very rich you want people to think that you are That is w_________ Keeping up with the Joneses is about
解析：Keeping up with the Joneses is aboutThat is 表语句w连接词分析句about 缺少宾语应填疑问代词whowhat 分析前句you want people to think that you aresth 确定填what
答案：what
三年九年级期末首字母汇编
年份区域
题
文章类型
20172018玄武
A threeday communication for Chinese Spring Festival
议文
20172018鼓楼
Spring Festival
夹叙夹议类
20162017玄武
Shyness
记叙文
20162017鼓楼
Honesty or dishonesty
议文
20152016玄武
Tolerance
议文
20152016鼓楼
Water or food for astronauts
议文
[源ZxxkCom]
20172018学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
A threeday celebration for the coming Chinese Spring Festival started last Saturday in central Japanese city of Nagoya
The celebration was h_____66____ on Hisaya Square in downtown Nagoya where red lanterns and f_____67____ were hung high and people cheered in a festival atmosphere
A record high of 78 booths(展台) were set up around the square selling traditional Chinese foods i____68_____ dumplings sugarcoated haws and others
A n______69___ of Chinese and Japanese artists performed(表演) on an amazing stage set up at one end of the square such as facechanging stunt of Sichuan opera acrobatics and lion dances
Spring Festival is a traditional h_____70____ in China to celebrate the Lunar New Year It is hoped that the festival celebrations here would improve both understanding and f_____71____ between people in China and Japan said Deng Wei Chinese consul general in Nagoya
Ichiro Hirosawa vice mayor of Nagya city said the Spring Festival celebrations here have attracted plenty of v_____72____ from Nagoya and neighboring areas and have p____73_____ great chances for Japanese people to get in touch with Chinese culture
Overseas Chinese have been holding Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations in Nagoya s___74______ 2007 The celebration has become an important platform(台) for l___75______ people to learn more about Chinese culture and improve both understanding and cultural exchanges between central Japan and China
答案
66 held 67 flags 68 including 69 number 70 holiday
71 friendship 72 visitors 73 provided 74 since 75 local
解析
71 根文It is hoped that the festival celebrations here would improve both understanding and f_____71____ between people in China and Japan知题答案友谊friendship
72 根文知处喜迎许游客题答案visitors
73 根文for Japanese people to get in touch with Chinese culture知处考查固定搭配provide…for…题答案provide学科~网
74 根前文知2007年题答案since
75 根学文知题答案local
20172018学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
Teachers and students are very happy Why Because the winter holiday is coming and the most important t 86 festival Spring Festival is also on the way At present more and more Chinese focus on the traditional festivals which belong to all Chinese people with strong Chinese color A 87 them Spring Festival is the most important
It falls on the f 88 day in the lunar calendar Since it is at the end of winter and the beginning of spring people call it Spring Festival Chinese have many traditional customs relating to it Since 23rd December in lunar calendar people start to p 89 for the event Every family will do some cleaning do their Spring Festival s 90 in supermarkets decorate their houses put up Spring Festival couplets and also get ready all kinds of food for the big farewell dinner on New Year’s Eve
New Year’s Eve is the time for all the family members to g 91 to have a big dinner talking and laughing until daybreak which is called staying up to see the year out Every year the Spring Festival Gala on CCTV is covered l 92 Many people look forward to watching it People can take part in the guessing games through WeChat sending text m
93 and so on when they are watching the gala S 94 off fireworks once was the favourite activity of children According to the legend this could drive off evil monster called nian With the development of the times some changes have taken place For example to prevent environmental p 95 fireworks are not allowed in many big cities
For Chinese at home and abroad the Spring Festival is always the most important
答案
86 traditional 87 Among 88 first 89 prepare 90 shopping
91 gather 92 live 93 messages 94 Setting 95 pollution
解析
89 根Every family will do some cleaning do their Spring Festival s 90 in supermarkets decorate their houses put up Spring Festival couplets and also get ready all kinds of food for the big farewell dinner on New Year’s Eve知处准备题答案prepare
90 根文知超市购物题答案shopping
91 根all the family members知家团聚题答案gather
92 题考查固定搭配be covered live直播题答案live
93 根文知处发短信题答案messages
94 根文fireworks知点燃烟花题答案Setting
95 根文fireworks are not allowed in many big cities知表示环境污染题答案pollution
20162017学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
You’re standing with your classmates E 66 is talking except you Perhaps you’re afraid they will laugh at when you say Maybe you just aren’t b 67 enough to speak
Shyness is like a snake that crawls（爬进）into our mouth and s 68 us speaking But we shouldn’t let it stay there
I am 29 years old Even today that snake still sometimes v 69 me When I was in high school I was so shy that I wouldn’t talk to anyone e 70 my parents and best friends If a stranger asked me the way to a local shop it was as if I’d forgotten how to talk One summer I got a j 71 in a restaurant and that helped a lot It meant I had to talk to
customers（顾客） I had to tell them how m 72 their meal cost I had to ask them if they want to drink Coke or Sprite This job taught me how to speak with people
You may be too young to find a parttime job But you can look for other c 73 to speak with people You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag O 74 you can go to get a newspaper for your family
If you do these things for a while the shyness’ snake will soon begin to l 75 you alone It’ll look for another mouth to crawl into
答案
66 Everyone 67 brave 68 stops 69 visits 70 except
71 job 72 much 73 chances 74 Or 75 leave
解析
69 根题意天条蛇时候然拜访语 that snake 单数谓语动词单数第三称形式正确答案visits学科#网
70 根题意想说话父母正确答案except
71 文 It meant I had to talk to customers (顾客) 知顾客交谈推知家餐馆找份工作（job）正确答案job
72 固定搭配 how much 意少符合题意正确答案much
73 结合文 You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag you can go to get a newspaper for your family 知寻找机会说话chance 意机会机会复数形式正确答案chances
74 or 意者表示选择正确答案Or
75 根题意果做段时间害羞蛇久会离开固定搭配 leave sb alone 意干涉某留某正确答案leave
20162017学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
In a town in France there was a farmer who lived alone Every day he s___86___ a pound of butter to his neighbour who was a baker One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see i___87___ he was getting a pound After he weighed it he found that he wasn’t The baker then took the farmer to the judge（法官）
The judge wanted to know the farmer’s ways to weigh the butter The farmer replied I’m so p___88___ that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it H___89___ I do have a kind of scale（天） The judge asked Then h___90___do you weigh the butter The farmer replied Before the baker started buying butter from me I had bought bread from him So now every time when I b___91___home the bread from the baker I put it on the scale and give him the same w___92___
We always get back what we give to others Whenever you take action ask yourself this question Am I honest
Honesty or dishonesty can become a habit Some dishonest people can lie w___93___ a red face Others lie so m___94___ that they do not even know what the truth is any more But who is it bad for In fact those who lie will hurt t___95___ by their own dishonest behaviour
答案
86 sold 87 if 88 poor 89 However 90 how
91 bring 92 weight 93 without 94 much 95 themselves
解析
89 结合句意然天表达然句中逗号文隔开时应该 however位句首首字母应写正确答案However[源学科网]
90 结合句意称黄油呢how 意方式进行提问正确答案how
91 结合句意面包带回家bring 意带带回句中时间状语 every time 半句时态般现时知处应般现时正确答案bring
92 结合句意相重量黄油weight 意重量符合题意正确答案weight
93 结合句意撒谎脸红without 意没介词符合题意正确答案without
94 结合句意撒谎太知道事实什much 意量常 so 连修饰数名词so much that 处意正确答案much
95 结合句意撒谎者会伤害文 their 知处应反身代词 themselves 表达正确答案themselves
20152016学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
You may not realize it but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school School is also the p__76___ you socialize and learn to get along with people But this is not always easy What can you do if you just don＇t like one of your classmates
If you d_____77___ that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends the most important thing to learn is tolerance(宽容) Tolerance is the ability to recognize and respect the differences in others We cannot change the w__78_ that other people act it is important to learn to live h___79___with them
Tolerance will make everyone get on b__80___ with each other Know others constantly makes us understand others’ differences
Something is different does not mean that it is bad Tolerance t __81__us to keep an even temper and open mind
You have to remember an old saying Treat others how you want to be treated You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates s___82____it is important to treat them with equal kindness If you tolerate something it does not mean that you have to like it No one is asking you to change who you are or w____83____ you believe in Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change
It is important to practice tolerance because it will make e___84___ lives easier Learn to accept people for their different abilities and i____85___ The world is a very different place and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better
答案
76 place 77 discover 78 way 79 happily 80 better
81 teachestells 82 so 83 what 84 everyone’s 85 ideas
解析
78 前文Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others宽容认识尊重差异力文Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not to try to make them change宽容意味着应该尊重试图改变．推测改变做事方式答案way（s）
79 根前文改变做事方式so作连词意表示结果live动词需副词修饰结合语义推测答案happily
80 根文It is important to practice tolerance练宽容重and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better学校城市里练宽容事情变更推测宽容生活中重位点宽容生命份快乐答案better更
81 根Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other宽容会彼相处更and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better学校城市里练宽容事情变更推测keep an even temper（温脾气） and an open mindtolerance宽容教答案teachestells
82 根前句You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates希学善句it is important to treat them kindly too善学重里需表示结果目连词推测答案so
83 根前文If you tolerate somethingit does not mean that you have to like it果容忍某样东西意味着必须喜欢No one is asking you to change who you are 没求改变谁时or连接列成分推测答案what代指相信容 学科网
84 根整篇文章表达说明宽容生活中重位推测宽容生活更简单时里需形容词修饰名词life生活名词格答案everyone＇s
85 根文The world is very different前文叙述you should respect the differences in others and not to try to make them change推测接受力观点答案ideas复数形式abilities列
20152016学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
Space has never been a place known for good eating It is certain that the food now is better than it was in the days of earlier missions The International Space Station (ISS)has hot water a food heater and even a coffee maker already But what do the astronaut r 86 need on the space station
There is no doubt that fresh fruits and vegetables which t 87 up room and can’t be saved for a long time are needed most A 88 apples and carrots are sometimes sent up on cargo ships those supply （供）runs are so rare To make matters worse sometimes a ship
f 89 to arrivesomething that’s happened three times in the past yearhow terrible it is
During longer t 90 into deep spaceparticularly to Marsfresh products are not only good for astronauts’ health but also for their mental（精神） wellbeing b 91 they can give them a comforting taste of home That means growing the crops onboard
The f 92 and the longer humans go away from Earth the greater they need to be able to grow plants for food However without being strictly tested first n 93 goes onto the astronauts’ menu or into their bodies NASA has worked c 94 with ORBITEC a technology company to study how this could be done So in May of 2014 three members on the ISS g 95 red lettuce（生菜） for 33 days then picked and froze（冷藏） them and shipped them home on a returning spacecraft in October Scientists on the ground confirmed that they were fit to eat They pronounced them fine
People believe astronauts will have more fresh food in space very soon
答案
86 really 87 take 88 Although 89 fail 90 travel
91 because 92 further 93 nothing 94 closely 95 grew
解析
90 根文deep spaceparticularly to Mars知处表示旅行题答案travel[源学科网]
91 根文they can give them a comforting taste of home知处表达果关系题答案because
92 根文the longer humans go away from Earth知表示进步探索题答案further
93 根前文However without being strictly tested first表示没严格测试没东西够进入宇航员菜单者胃里题答案nothing学科&网
94 根文知处表示紧密合作题答案closely
95 根文for 33 days知处表示种菜题答案grew
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l 知识点：首字母填空基求特点
首字母填空类短文题年中考试题常采题型非常信度效度拉开考生间分差提高区分度种题型属力测试范畴考查范围极广英语知识方方面面涉学科求考生充分理解短文基础单词拼写出单词形式合理符合语法规范符合短文需种试题首字母已填必须该字母开头单词种限制种提示种题型难度相较考生失分现象较严重学生仔细阅读全文利文提供关信息仔细阅读相关句子判断缺单词句子成分完成练首字母填空类短文题中考试卷中难题型测量考生实际运语言力做类题目考生较强语感善体会文联系扎实语言知识储备较词汇量
l 知识点：首字母填空考查范围中考趋势
年考题短文填空题考查单词涉词性范围较广涉十词类文中涉语言知识面较宽学生需运已学词法句法常词组短语惯法等知识进行具体分析答题定难度文章短精致字数通常100～150间短文体裁记叙文说明文议文等短文题材丰富容通俗易懂现代生活紧密相关：英国分期付款购房度假回路买家具事食物年龄段影响驯化动物做事情等读性趣味性强符合初中生认知特点
l 知识点：首字母填空解题基步骤
1 通读短文全文抓住高频词握意
短文中词未知影响文章容理解初步阅读中跳空格量捕捉文章提供容信息语法结构方面提示助步分析判断 做题时定先掌握文章中心意中获取文章基结构体裁题时态等相关信息正确高效答题提供坚实基础保障
2 确定词性缩选词范围
通读全文掌握意瞻前顾结合空格前容语法句法固定搭配等方面确定空格填词性文意中找出句文句句词句词词间关系尤易察觉隐含微妙关系已知信息获取未知信息便初步确定词性
（money）n 处填写词性？
具体文章联系文结合句子成分等语法：
处填写 v prep adj nart
earn money
for money(work for money)
类推缜密分析然确定词性
3 仔细推敲判断题目类型选出正确词汇
词性判断正确缩选词范围重步分析题目类型谓题目类型指题目考察力容
1）语法题考查学生语法技 the boy asked me loudly w he would be offered the job 宾语句引导词whether
2）句法题句法题句子成分角度判定填词汇
the boy tells me loudly w he thinks is the key point 宾语句引导词what
3）逻辑题考查学生逻辑推理理解力
A month later Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money s_________ he phoned him
注意句子前句间逻辑关系里果关系填so
4）文语意题句子成分角度判定填词汇
5）常识题 Berlin is the c of the united Germany
常识知柏林德国首答案：capital
6）固定搭配题 i of 空格出应填写 instead
4 确定词汇正确形式
词选代表正确答案次确定否填写正确形式
果名词应注意数变化格变化
果动词需注意根句中语法功确定正确时态语态非谓语动词形式
果形容词副词注意级变化
果代词注意格宾格形容词性名词性物代词反身代词等变化
果连词注意列句状语句宾语句中法等
批注：填入词句意通做语法词搭配正确bought易误答成buylights易误答成lightreaches易误答成reach heavier易误答成heavy等 初步确定答案定反复考虑仔细推敲确保词准确
5 注意首字母填空中关键性词orandbut
orand前词性致词义相反相happy and cheerful sadness and happiness
but 前词性致词义相反
6．复读全文全面检查
答题完毕复读全文进行核查必少做完题定认真检查量减少粗心致笔误拼写错误疑问方更根文章容文语法结构逻辑发展进行反复斟酌样量避免失分填完单词孤立逐词检查应复读全文仔细检查填词否符合文章情景容读起否畅否合句法单词拼写否误单词形式否正确等发现问题时更正
l 知识点：首字母填空解题技巧
1 惯法固定搭配填出简单项
例1：Houston passed a on February 11 2012 The cause of her death is still unknown
解析：根空格文空格处想表达Houston世日期容易想固定搭配：pass away填词汇属虚词需注意特殊形式
答案：away
例2：In some cultures h receiving money can make people uncomfortable
解析：根空格处句型结构容易想however惯法作插入语表达转折含义带入原文前文文间实属转折关系填写正确however属虚词需注意特殊形式
答案：however
例3：I only hope t you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it
解析：观查整句子空格前hope容易想空格处考查hope惯法hope to do者hope that接句子法想that代面句子结构完整
答案：that
例4：Often your headache is from your too much a 81 paid to one thing解析：题考查固定搭配：pay attention to 变形形式般学生难发现词组求学生整句子够分析透彻相类似法take action to do sth等词组中带名词动词短语容易出题者变形动语态者诸题定语出现情形
答案：attention
批注：引导学生惯法固定搭配进行填词特殊句子结构牢记注意实词形式
2 词性填写：注意词性变化时态语态
名词：点注意名词单复数属格
判断填写名词基方法：名词区类基特征：名词前加冠词
例1：She didn’t feel happy with her husband The c often quarreled or even fought with each other and she began to take drugs(毒品)
解析：首先根空格前结构般名词前定冠词the often缺少作语动作执行者判定处填写名词紧接着文讲Huston婚姻fought with each other词表达两容易想couple 名词
答案：couple
例2：If someone has thought about a g for me it always makes me happy
解析：空格前定冠词a确定处填写数名词单数形式数名词基特性通观全文讲关付出予容容易想gift单词果想礼物话会开心
答案：gift
例3：Carrots are grown on farms and in small family gardens all over the world It is one of the most popular sweet v
解析：首先根句子判断词性空格句子明显句子：one of the most形容词高级修饰名词结构判断出空格处名词接着根句作旨句句子讲carrot接着解释说明胡萝卜属蔬菜类容易想处填写vegetable时注意one of+the+高级+名词复数（…）结构填写vegetables
答案：vegetables
例4：Li Feng quickly picked it up to answer the call It was from a good friend of his m
解析：首先然判断词性his属物代词判断处形容词性物代词面需加名词填写时务必需注意名词格形式处属典型a friend of 结构符合名词双重格结构妈妈朋友填写mother’s[源ZxxkCom]
答案：mother’s
动词：需注意时态语态非谓语动词
判断否动词基方法：句子类型英语中句子核心动词掉充句子修饰部分枝叶留骨干部分否完整句子否缺少核心骨动词诸助动词加动词原形情态动词须动词等知识点赘述讲解动词专题时带着详述
例1：Houston began singing with New Jersey church’s choir (唱诗班) at age 11 Later she began performing with her mother in the New York City she was d by Clive Davis—head of the Arista Records
解析：首先判断空格处需填写词性：空格处前beby出动词动语态结构接根句意Houston11岁时开始唱歌然妈妈纽约表演成明星里解释走明星路某唱片公司老总容易想发现发掘填写单词discover规动词动：discovered
答案：discovered
例2：Drink a bottle of warm water Many people do not r that the dry air in their working place can be a danger because of the lack(缺少) of water
解析：首先句缺乏谓语动词般现时助动词动词原形
次根句意猜测空单词工作中空气太干燥潜危险事实知道解方面没意识realize词
答案：realize
批注realize中考首字母填空常考词汇提醒考生考前应温中考常考单词固定搭配
例3：Therapy animals go into h 74 and nursing homes These animals lower the stress levels of people who are very sick or who have just had operations They also encourage people to recover
解析：根空位置判断处应该填nursing homes列点名词根面说鼓励恢复联想起hospitalnursing homes列应该复数
答案：hospitals
批注：提醒学生日常学练中注意积累义词外需语首字母填空容易受短文题材影响书面语更强词汇
形容词副词：需注意较级高级
形容词修饰名词位名词前代词位置前者出现系动词构成系表结构出现the ____ +名词even___ ___than般认形容词根形容词区词类特性（较级高级）
副词形容词相似较级高级般修饰动词程度副词频率副词等考查重点常考副词：表强调副词onlyevenespeciallystillalsoalwaysalmostalready表否定 hardlyneverseldomrarely等句中逗号隔开however句againtogetheraltogetherinsteadsoonanywhere等句前sometimesusually等时学做题时留心总结高频出现词增加做题信心帮助
例1：The woman explained that she was b 68 and that the dog Hampton acted as her eyes helping her navigate (引导) her way a 69 the city
解析：首先根文章句义狗相眼睛说明失明
答案：blind around[源Z+xx+kCom]
例2：Hampton is m 71 than a pet He helps me do the things that I need to do in the city the woman explained
解析：根空格面than判断空应该填较级根句子意思Hampton 条狗助手填more than
答案：more
例3：Warm days and cool nights are the b time to grow great tasty carrots The quickest way to know if a carrot is ready to be harvested(收获) is to see its color（2012年南京白区模）
解析：空格名词前想形容词者空格前the 想形容词高级短音节形容词较级者特殊形容词高级根句 the quickest样想形容词高级表达褒义词难想时间时间best time
答案：best
批注：提醒学生注意整理修饰较级高级词汇修饰较级evenmucha lota bita littlestillfar等
例4：Alana was on the diet or two months Her doctor was pleased with her You have been very good he said You can eat some of the foods you like best But only a little Don’t eat too many sweets…If you do you will get a lot of weight a_________
… But when you eat it it makes you sick It’s not a good food for you You are right said Frank Well I’ll eat more cake i_________
解析：题中出现两题填副词句末分析句子缺少成分基确定填副词略微文基确定填again instead
答案：again instead
代词 注意称代词物代词反身代词
首字母填空中常填定代词反身代词果够正确分析句子缺成分类填词容易分外代词填写集中称代词物代词反身代词
例1：When someone gives me money it just makes me think they’re being lazy says John Wilson In England we have a saying It’s the thought that counts When s gives me moneyit just makes me think they’re being lazy says John Wilson
解析：题属相较简单题根文明显出填写someonesomebody提醒注意复合定代词属格说someone’s anyone’s等法注意判断否接名词否名词间属关系属格：Is this someone’s seat
答案：someonesomebody
例2：E_________ went wrong at the station People were late and they were panicking（惊恐）
解析：首先句缺少语语sbsth
次根半句People were late and they were panicking（惊恐）简单判断出第句表述切问题处填everythingeverybody
答案：everythingeverybody
例3：If you can’t get to sleep after half an hour get up and do s__________ quiet like reading
解析：句动词do缺少宾语sth加面形容词提示定代词放形容词前确定填something
答案：something
连词：注意复合句中法
连词首字母填空中常出现连接句分析确定填连词翻译句连词确定常考连词b开头butbecausebeforeu开头untilunlesswh宾语句连接词althoughthoughso等判断否连词两句子否完整句子完整两句子间关系：列转折等选择相应连词副词连词词（：when）注意时整理类词首字母填空中常考词性
例1：T some people were not satisfied with Houston’s acting the film was a great success making more than 410 million worldwide
解析：空格句子完整缺少句子成分句间逗号连接说明处复合句观查两句子间关系够出属转折关系：然满Houston演技电影成功
答案：Though
例2：However he lost heart w_______ a lovely young woman opened the door
解析：空格前句子然完整缺少句子成分判定连词容易想when…时候处作连词
答案：when
例3：A month later Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money s_________ he phoned him
解析：he phoned him句子前面逗号确定前句句翻译句意知道两句果关系：Christopher没收Jeff信钱电话确定答案
答案：so
例4：And even if you aren’t very rich you want people to think that you are That is w_________ Keeping up with the Joneses is about
解析：Keeping up with the Joneses is aboutThat is 表语句w连接词分析句about 缺少宾语应填疑问代词whowhat 分析前句you want people to think that you aresth 确定填what
答案：what
三年九年级期末首字母汇编
年份区域
题
文章类型
20172018玄武
A threeday communication for Chinese Spring Festival
议文
20172018鼓楼
Spring Festival
夹叙夹议类
20162017玄武
Shyness
记叙文
20162017鼓楼
Honesty or dishonesty
议文
20152016玄武
Tolerance
议文
20152016鼓楼
Water or food for astronauts
议文
[源ZxxkCom]
20172018学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
A threeday celebration for the coming Chinese Spring Festival started last Saturday in central Japanese city of Nagoya
The celebration was h_____66____ on Hisaya Square in downtown Nagoya where red lanterns and f_____67____ were hung high and people cheered in a festival atmosphere
A record high of 78 booths(展台) were set up around the square selling traditional Chinese foods i____68_____ dumplings sugarcoated haws and others
A n______69___ of Chinese and Japanese artists performed(表演) on an amazing stage set up at one end of the square such as facechanging stunt of Sichuan opera acrobatics and lion dances
Spring Festival is a traditional h_____70____ in China to celebrate the Lunar New Year It is hoped that the festival celebrations here would improve both understanding and f_____71____ between people in China and Japan said Deng Wei Chinese consul general in Nagoya
Ichiro Hirosawa vice mayor of Nagya city said the Spring Festival celebrations here have attracted plenty of v_____72____ from Nagoya and neighboring areas and have p____73_____ great chances for Japanese people to get in touch with Chinese culture
Overseas Chinese have been holding Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations in Nagoya s___74______ 2007 The celebration has become an important platform(台) for l___75______ people to learn more about Chinese culture and improve both understanding and cultural exchanges between central Japan and China
答案
66 held 67 flags 68 including 69 number 70 holiday
71 friendship 72 visitors 73 provided 74 since 75 local
解析
71 根文It is hoped that the festival celebrations here would improve both understanding and f_____71____ between people in China and Japan知题答案友谊friendship
72 根文知处喜迎许游客题答案visitors
73 根文for Japanese people to get in touch with Chinese culture知处考查固定搭配provide…for…题答案provide学科~网
74 根前文知2007年题答案since
75 根学文知题答案local
20172018学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
Teachers and students are very happy Why Because the winter holiday is coming and the most important t 86 festival Spring Festival is also on the way At present more and more Chinese focus on the traditional festivals which belong to all Chinese people with strong Chinese color A 87 them Spring Festival is the most important
It falls on the f 88 day in the lunar calendar Since it is at the end of winter and the beginning of spring people call it Spring Festival Chinese have many traditional customs relating to it Since 23rd December in lunar calendar people start to p 89 for the event Every family will do some cleaning do their Spring Festival s 90 in supermarkets decorate their houses put up Spring Festival couplets and also get ready all kinds of food for the big farewell dinner on New Year’s Eve
New Year’s Eve is the time for all the family members to g 91 to have a big dinner talking and laughing until daybreak which is called staying up to see the year out Every year the Spring Festival Gala on CCTV is covered l 92 Many people look forward to watching it People can take part in the guessing games through WeChat sending text m
93 and so on when they are watching the gala S 94 off fireworks once was the favourite activity of children According to the legend this could drive off evil monster called nian With the development of the times some changes have taken place For example to prevent environmental p 95 fireworks are not allowed in many big cities
For Chinese at home and abroad the Spring Festival is always the most important
答案
86 traditional 87 Among 88 first 89 prepare 90 shopping
91 gather 92 live 93 messages 94 Setting 95 pollution
解析
89 根Every family will do some cleaning do their Spring Festival s 90 in supermarkets decorate their houses put up Spring Festival couplets and also get ready all kinds of food for the big farewell dinner on New Year’s Eve知处准备题答案prepare
90 根文知超市购物题答案shopping
91 根all the family members知家团聚题答案gather
92 题考查固定搭配be covered live直播题答案live
93 根文知处发短信题答案messages
94 根文fireworks知点燃烟花题答案Setting
95 根文fireworks are not allowed in many big cities知表示环境污染题答案pollution
20162017学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
You’re standing with your classmates E 66 is talking except you Perhaps you’re afraid they will laugh at when you say Maybe you just aren’t b 67 enough to speak
Shyness is like a snake that crawls（爬进）into our mouth and s 68 us speaking But we shouldn’t let it stay there
I am 29 years old Even today that snake still sometimes v 69 me When I was in high school I was so shy that I wouldn’t talk to anyone e 70 my parents and best friends If a stranger asked me the way to a local shop it was as if I’d forgotten how to talk One summer I got a j 71 in a restaurant and that helped a lot It meant I had to talk to
customers（顾客） I had to tell them how m 72 their meal cost I had to ask them if they want to drink Coke or Sprite This job taught me how to speak with people
You may be too young to find a parttime job But you can look for other c 73 to speak with people You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag O 74 you can go to get a newspaper for your family
If you do these things for a while the shyness’ snake will soon begin to l 75 you alone It’ll look for another mouth to crawl into
答案
66 Everyone 67 brave 68 stops 69 visits 70 except
71 job 72 much 73 chances 74 Or 75 leave
解析
69 根题意天条蛇时候然拜访语 that snake 单数谓语动词单数第三称形式正确答案visits学科#网
70 根题意想说话父母正确答案except
71 文 It meant I had to talk to customers (顾客) 知顾客交谈推知家餐馆找份工作（job）正确答案job
72 固定搭配 how much 意少符合题意正确答案much
73 结合文 You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag you can go to get a newspaper for your family 知寻找机会说话chance 意机会机会复数形式正确答案chances
74 or 意者表示选择正确答案Or
75 根题意果做段时间害羞蛇久会离开固定搭配 leave sb alone 意干涉某留某正确答案leave
20162017学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
In a town in France there was a farmer who lived alone Every day he s___86___ a pound of butter to his neighbour who was a baker One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see i___87___ he was getting a pound After he weighed it he found that he wasn’t The baker then took the farmer to the judge（法官）
The judge wanted to know the farmer’s ways to weigh the butter The farmer replied I’m so p___88___ that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it H___89___ I do have a kind of scale（天） The judge asked Then h___90___do you weigh the butter The farmer replied Before the baker started buying butter from me I had bought bread from him So now every time when I b___91___home the bread from the baker I put it on the scale and give him the same w___92___
We always get back what we give to others Whenever you take action ask yourself this question Am I honest
Honesty or dishonesty can become a habit Some dishonest people can lie w___93___ a red face Others lie so m___94___ that they do not even know what the truth is any more But who is it bad for In fact those who lie will hurt t___95___ by their own dishonest behaviour
答案
86 sold 87 if 88 poor 89 However 90 how
91 bring 92 weight 93 without 94 much 95 themselves
解析
89 结合句意然天表达然句中逗号文隔开时应该 however位句首首字母应写正确答案However[源学科网]
90 结合句意称黄油呢how 意方式进行提问正确答案how
91 结合句意面包带回家bring 意带带回句中时间状语 every time 半句时态般现时知处应般现时正确答案bring
92 结合句意相重量黄油weight 意重量符合题意正确答案weight
93 结合句意撒谎脸红without 意没介词符合题意正确答案without
94 结合句意撒谎太知道事实什much 意量常 so 连修饰数名词so much that 处意正确答案much
95 结合句意撒谎者会伤害文 their 知处应反身代词 themselves 表达正确答案themselves
20152016学年南京市玄武区九年级学期期末
You may not realize it but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school School is also the p__76___ you socialize and learn to get along with people But this is not always easy What can you do if you just don＇t like one of your classmates
If you d_____77___ that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends the most important thing to learn is tolerance(宽容) Tolerance is the ability to recognize and respect the differences in others We cannot change the w__78_ that other people act it is important to learn to live h___79___with them
Tolerance will make everyone get on b__80___ with each other Know others constantly makes us understand others’ differences
Something is different does not mean that it is bad Tolerance t __81__us to keep an even temper and open mind
You have to remember an old saying Treat others how you want to be treated You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates s___82____it is important to treat them with equal kindness If you tolerate something it does not mean that you have to like it No one is asking you to change who you are or w____83____ you believe in Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change
It is important to practice tolerance because it will make e___84___ lives easier Learn to accept people for their different abilities and i____85___ The world is a very different place and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better
答案
76 place 77 discover 78 way 79 happily 80 better
81 teachestells 82 so 83 what 84 everyone’s 85 ideas
解析
78 前文Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others宽容认识尊重差异力文Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not to try to make them change宽容意味着应该尊重试图改变．推测改变做事方式答案way（s）
79 根前文改变做事方式so作连词意表示结果live动词需副词修饰结合语义推测答案happily
80 根文It is important to practice tolerance练宽容重and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better学校城市里练宽容事情变更推测宽容生活中重位点宽容生命份快乐答案better更
81 根Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other宽容会彼相处更and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better学校城市里练宽容事情变更推测keep an even temper（温脾气） and an open mindtolerance宽容教答案teachestells
82 根前句You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates希学善句it is important to treat them kindly too善学重里需表示结果目连词推测答案so
83 根前文If you tolerate somethingit does not mean that you have to like it果容忍某样东西意味着必须喜欢No one is asking you to change who you are 没求改变谁时or连接列成分推测答案what代指相信容 学科网
84 根整篇文章表达说明宽容生活中重位推测宽容生活更简单时里需形容词修饰名词life生活名词格答案everyone＇s
85 根文The world is very different前文叙述you should respect the differences in others and not to try to make them change推测接受力观点答案ideas复数形式abilities列
20152016学年南京市鼓楼区九年级学期期末
Space has never been a place known for good eating It is certain that the food now is better than it was in the days of earlier missions The International Space Station (ISS)has hot water a food heater and even a coffee maker already But what do the astronaut r 86 need on the space station
There is no doubt that fresh fruits and vegetables which t 87 up room and can’t be saved for a long time are needed most A 88 apples and carrots are sometimes sent up on cargo ships those supply （供）runs are so rare To make matters worse sometimes a ship
f 89 to arrivesomething that’s happened three times in the past yearhow terrible it is
During longer t 90 into deep spaceparticularly to Marsfresh products are not only good for astronauts’ health but also for their mental（精神） wellbeing b 91 they can give them a comforting taste of home That means growing the crops onboard
The f 92 and the longer humans go away from Earth the greater they need to be able to grow plants for food However without being strictly tested first n 93 goes onto the astronauts’ menu or into their bodies NASA has worked c 94 with ORBITEC a technology company to study how this could be done So in May of 2014 three members on the ISS g 95 red lettuce（生菜） for 33 days then picked and froze（冷藏） them and shipped them home on a returning spacecraft in October Scientists on the ground confirmed that they were fit to eat They pronounced them fine
People believe astronauts will have more fresh food in space very soon
答案
86 really 87 take 88 Although 89 fail 90 travel
91 because 92 further 93 nothing 94 closely 95 grew
解析
90 根文deep spaceparticularly to Mars知处表示旅行题答案travel[源学科网]
91 根文they can give them a comforting taste of home知处表达果关系题答案because
92 根文the longer humans go away from Earth知表示进步探索题答案further
93 根前文However without being strictly tested first表示没严格测试没东西够进入宇航员菜单者胃里题答案nothing学科&网
94 根文知处表示紧密合作题答案closely
95 根文for 33 days知处表示种菜题答案grew
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