2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编


    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编广告应文类
    1(2011•全国新课标)D
    Wanted Someone for a Kiss
    We’re looking for producers to join us in the second of London 100FM You’ll work on the station’s music programmes Music production experience in radio is necessary along with rich knowledge of modern dance music Please apply(申请) in writing to Producer Vacancies Kiss100
    Father Christmas
    We’re looking for a very special person preferably over 40 to fill our Father Christmas suit
    Working days Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday 1030—1600
    Excellent pay
    Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Center Station Parade Eastbourne
    Accountants Assistant
    When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division dealing with post and other general duties If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for somebody who has office experience
    Wealden District Council
    Software Trainer
    If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and training you could be the person we are looking for You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing You will be allowed to make our decision and to design courses as well as present them Pay upwards of £15000 for the right person Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R Oglivie Palmlace Limited
    67 Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station
    A Producer Vacancies Kiss 100 B Mrs R Oglivie Palmlace Limited
    C The Enterprise Shopping Centre D Wealden District Council
    68 We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who __________________
    A is aged between 24 and 40 B may do some training work
    C should deal with general duties D can work for about a month
    69 which position is open to recent school graduates
    A ProducerLondon Kiss
    BFather Christmas
    C Accountants Assistant
    DSoftware Trainer
    70What kind of person would probably apply to Palmace Limited
    AOne with GCSE grade C level
    B One with some office experience
    C One having good computer knowledge
    D One trained in producing music programmes
    67A 68D 69C 70C
    2(2011•天津卷)
    A
    Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home
    What to Expect
    The host will provide accommodation and meals Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health
    Accommodation Zones
    Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones23 and of the transport system Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住) Zones3 and 4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground
    Meal Plans Available
    ♢ Continental Breakfast
    ♢ Breakfast and Dinner
    ♢ Breakfast Packed Lunch and Dinner
    It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice cereal(谷物类食品)bread and tea or coffee Cheese fruit and cold meat are not normally
    part of a Continental Breakfast in England Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert fruit and coffee
    Friends
    If you wish to invite a friend over to visityou must first ask your host’s permissionYou have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy
    SelfCatering Accommodation in Private Homes
    Accommodation on a roomonly basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living roomThis kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestule and is more suitable for the longstay studentHoweverit does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much
    36The passage is probably written for
    Ahost willing to receive foreign students
    Bloreigners hoping to build British culture
    Ctravellers planning to vist famlies in London
    DEnglish learners applying to like in English homes
    37Which of the following will the host provide
    A Room cleaning
    B Medical care
    C Free transport
    D Physical trainning
    38What can be inferred from Paragraph3
    AZone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2
    BThe business centre of London is in Zone
    CHosts dislike travelling to the city centre
    39According to the passage What does continental Breakfast include
    ADessert and coffee
    BFruit and vegetables
    Cbread and fruit juice
    DCentre and cold meat
    40Why do some people choose selfcatering accommodation
    ATo experience a warmer famliy atmosphere
    BTo enrich their knowledge of English\
    CTo entertain friends as they like
    DTo enjoy much more freedom
    DABCD
    3(2011•重庆卷)B
    Mapping Your World
    Different forms of maps are appearing They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visting from the official to the unusual Meanwhile hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world Here are two of our favorites
    Green Maps
    Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly plaees and attractions in the local areas Users add information with a set of icons (图标) making it easy to read any map whatever the nationalities of those who produce it At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries Green Maps’ advertised idea is think global map local It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place ranning from community gardens to good places of birdwatching
    Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers Not all of its maps are online so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with producers through the Green Maps website
    Maps Mashups
    Many people use online maps developed by Google but not many know about the mashups of them Working in a similar way to Green Maps Maps Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to exsiting maps to express a certain topic The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need It ranges from the extremely useful such as where all the World Heritage Site are to the most bizarre (古怪)such as where America’s drunkest cities are With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps a multilayered (层) map can be created
    60 According to the passage which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps
    A Aiming at environmental protection
    B Introducing local attractions with icons
    C Offering advice to independent travelers
    D Cllecting icons worldwide for local maps
    61 Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps
    A B


    C D

    62 Map Mashups is named with the word mashups because
    A it is produced by users all over the world
    B it gathers various kinds of information
    C it shaers icons with Green Maps
    D it is a branch of Google Maps
    63 What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common
    A They are created by local people
    B They are environmentally friendly
    C Users can edit maps on the Inernet
    D Users need to communicate with producers
    BBBC
    4(2011•安徽卷)A
    Passage 1
    The Information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of online services the Web email and software to mention just a few Not long ago the Information Highway was a new road with not many users Now everyone seems to want to take a drive with over 30 million families connected worldwide Not surprisingly this welltraveled highway is starting to look like a welltraveled highway Traffic jams can cause many serious problems forcing the system to close down for repair Naturally accidents will happen on such a crowed road and usually victims are some files gone forever Then of course there’s Mr Cool with his new broadband connection who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go But don’t trick yourself he pays for that speeding
    Passage 2
    Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it Doctor Herman Friedman who is considered a leading expert on the subject will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday Friedman studied environmental science at three wellknown universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef which came into the public eye in 2002 is his latest interest Signed copies of his colorful book which was published just last month will be on sale after his talk
    文章意文分两部分第篇介绍信息高速公路情况第二篇介绍Doctor Herman Friedman情况
    56 The Information Highway
    A is free from traffic accidents
    B is crowded with car drivers
    C offers just a few online services
    D appeals to a large number of users
    解析选D细节理解题第篇短文中Now everyone seems to want to take a drive with over 30 million families connected worldwide知信息高速公路深受广户喜爱D项正确Naturally accidents will happen on such a crowed road and usually victims are some files gone forever知A项错误Now everyone seems to want to take a drive知想信息高速公路B项中car drivers概念错误 a large number of online servicesthe Web email and software to mention just a few知online services容包含C项错误
    57 How does MR Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast
    A By storing fewer files
    B By repair the system
    C By buying a better computer
    D By using a broadband connection
    解析选D细节理解题第篇文章中there’s Mr Cool with his new broadband connection who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go知D项正确
    58 What can be learned from Passenger 2
    A There will be a book show at Grayson Hall
    B Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef
    C There will be a talk on global warming this week
    D Friedman is a leading expert on computer science
    解析选B推理判断题第二篇文章中The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef… is his latest interest知B项正确A项中a book show错误C项中this week错误D项中on computer science错误
    59 Passage 2 is most probably
    A a poster about a lecture
    B an ad for a new book
    C a note to a doctor in a university
    D an introduction to a professor
    解析选A旨意题通读第二篇文章知全文围绕着Doctor Herman Friedmanglobal warming方面talk展开A项正确
    5(2011•湖南卷)A
    When first entered Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant but once the pleasant smells of kabob(烤肉串)hit the senses you are incapable of calling it anything less
    Owned by a local couple this Persian restaurant has an inviting homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack
    The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration but the environment is truly charming
    Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner the restaurant still attracts all customers especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking
    A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics watching news events on TV drinking a black tea known as Persian chai an reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food
    The variety of food at the restaurant is limited but the amount of each dish is fairly large Most of the meals can serve two people and are under 10 so not only is it affordable but practical as well
    The food especially appeals to healthconscious eaters because each dish is very healthy made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架)
    The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs which are different style of grilled meat
    One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob which is made of grille chicken pieces served with cither rice or bread Another great kabob is the Cbelo Kabob kabob consisting of grilled beef
    Although the restaurant is small the atmosphere and the food is delicious It is a place that should not be overlooked
    56 When first entering the restaurant one can find that it ________
    A is splendidly decorated
    B has pleasant smells of kabobs
    C is crowded with dining tables
    D looks like a common restaurant
    57 What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant
    A Watching news events on TV
    B Drinking a kind of black coffee
    C Reading local English newspapers
    D Discussing world topics in low voices
    58 The food of the restaurant ________
    A is served in small amounts
    B is rather expensive
    C is rich in variety
    D is very healthy
    59 What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of
    A Rice B Chicken C Bread D Beef
    60 It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ________
    A occupies a large space
    B owns a favorable location
    C is popular for its special food
    D has a quiet environment inside
    A 说明文:V餐厅介绍
      56 first entering the R定位找首段首句首句but面the pleasant smells of kabobB选项致
      57 apart from dinning定位找吃该餐厅干嘛定位太明显参选项TV coffee newspaper等找第五段第句talking loudly排Dwatching TV符合Bblack tea排BPersian newspaper排C
      58 food 定位找第六段第句:variety…is limited排A amount…is fairly large 排C第二句排B第七段healthconscious very healthy确定D
      59 JK定位找倒数第二段made of grilled chicken piece确定B
      60 结合已做题目确定C选项:第三段首句the space is smallA矛盾第四段首句hardly noticeable street corner B矛盾第五段首句talking loudly(第57题D选项错误原)D矛盾
    6(2011•陕西卷)A

    46.If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets you can call C
    A0844 847 2484 B0800 587 5007
    C0844 499 6699 D0161 245 6609
    47.How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post D
    ABy visiting the website of a post office
    BBy going to your local bank in person
    CBy enclosing your Live Card in an envelope
    DBy providing your credit card information
    48.What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text A
    ADelayed payment for tickets BInvitations to opening nights
    CReduced booking fees by phone DGenerous discounts on tickets
    7(2011•江西卷)B
    Winners Club
    You choose to be a winner
    The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers It has been made to help you better manage your money The Winners Club is a transaction account(交易账户)where you receive a keycard so you can get to your money 247 – that’s 24 hours a day 7 days a week
    It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers
    No account keeping fees
    You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees In fact there are no account keeping or transaction fees
    Excellent interest rates
    You want your money to grow The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits(储蓄)without taking them out in a month
    Convenient
    Teenagers are busy – we get that You may never need to come to a bank at all With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet•••You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account This could be your pocket money or your pay from your parttime job
    Mega magazine included
    Along with your regular report you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members
    The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers And it is so easy to join Simply fill in an application form You can’t wait to hear from you It’s the best way to choose to be a winner
    61 The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ________
    A parents B teenagers C winners D adults
    62 Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club
    A Special gifts are ready for parents
    B The bank opens only on work days
    C Services are convenient for its members
    D Fees are necessary for the account keeping
    63 The Winners Club provides magazines which ________
    A encourage spending
    B are free to all teenagers
    C are full of adventure stories
    D help to make more of your money
    64 If you want to be a member of the Club you must ________
    A be an Internet user B be permitted by your parent
    C have a big sum of money D be in your twenties
    65 What is the purpose of this text
    A To set up a club B To provide parttime jobs
    C To organize keycards D To introduce a new banking service
    文章介绍种青少年设计新型银行
    61答案:B
    考点:细节理解
    第段第句The Winners Club is a bank account specially desighed for teenagers见 青少年设计银行选B

    62答案:C
    考点:细节理解
    A项文章未提B选项文章第段句7days a week知错误D选项根文章第标题no account keeping fees知错误根文章第三点Convenient知该银行服务非常方便选C
    63答案:D
    考点:细节理解
    根段第句you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money知杂志许赚钱意选D
    64答案:B
    考点:细节理解
    根文章段第二行You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian必须父母者监者意选B
    65答案:D
    考点:旨意
    根文章第句The Winners Club is a bank account specially desighed for teenagers见 青少年设计银行文中该种银行介绍知介绍新银行服务项目选D
    8(2011•江苏卷)

    60.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization
    A.To bulid massive complexes for public amusement
    B.To prevent possible damages to the National Park
    C.To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy
    DTo sponsor publicationsand projects in local school
    61 One of thebenefits for members of Friends is to
    A have Friends’goods free of charge
    B visit any place not open to the public
    Ctake part in work parties if they want to
    Dgive talks in their fields on current issues
    62The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_______________
    A raise money for the Friends organization
    B join the Friends organization and be members of it
    C work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park
    D enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park
    60 A 细节理解题根Activities部分容第二段第句知公众娱乐兴土木国家公园威胁该机构阻止行
    61 C 细节理解题根Benefits部分容第五条知该机构成员享利益参加工作组
    62 B 推理判断题文章介绍Friends机构亮点目标活动该机构成员享权益等显然作者目想邀请更志士加入进成中员
    9(2011•湖北卷)D
    Feeling blue about world Cheer up Says science writer Matt RidleyThe world has never been a better place to live in and it will keep on getting better both for humans and got nature
    Ridley calls himself a tat ional optimist—tactical because he’s carefully weighed the evidence optimistic because that offence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good And this is what he’s set out to prone from unique point of view in his most recent book The Rant anal Opting He views mankind as grand enterprise that on the whole has done little but progress for 100000 years He backed his finding with hard gathered though years of research
    Here’s how he explains his views
    Shopping fuels invention
    It is reported that there are more than ten billion different producers for sale in London alone Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty our own generation has access to more nutritious food more convenient transport bigger houses better ears and of course more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us This will continue as long as we there things to make other things This more we specialize and exchange the better off we’ll be
    2) Brilliant advances
    One reason we are richer healthier taller cleverer longerlived and freer than ener before is that the four most basie human needs food clothing fuel and shelter have grown a lot cheaper Take one example In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for In 1950 it was eight seconds Today it’s half second
    3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change
    Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welface as climate change itself A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electrieity is forhidden by well meaming members of green polucal movements trying to save the world is just as great a tragedy as a child that mes in a flood caused by climate change If chmaic change proves to be xxxx but cutting carbon canses realparn we may well find that we have stopped a nose bleed by putting a tournquet(止血带) around our necks
    63 What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book
    A Weakness of human nature
    B Concern about climate change
    C Importance of practical thinking
    D Optimism about human progress
    64 How does Ridley look at shopping
    A It encourages the creation of things
    B It results in shortage of goods
    C It demands more fossil fuels
    D It causes a poverry problem
    65 The candle and lamp example is used to show that
    A oil lamps give off more light than candles
    B shortening working time brings about a happier life
    C advanced technology helps to produce better candles
    D increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods
    66 What does the last sentence of the passage imply
    A Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost
    B Overreaction to cliamate change may be dangerous
    C People’s health is closely related to climate change
    D Careless medical treatment may cause great pain
    答案DADB
    10(2011•浙江卷)B

    48 What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pumppriming program
    ASums of money B Raw materials
    CHuman resources D Media Support
    49 When Sylvia says His speech was OK but it had no real punchshe thinks it was not___
    A fluent and impressive B logical and moving
    C informative and significant D interesting and powerful
    答案BCAD
    11(2011•全国II)C
    Student MembershipCambridge Arts Cinema
    Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema Now you too can make most of it and save money

    48 Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema
    A The Cambridge Film Festival
    B Meetings with filmmakers
    C The preview screening
    D Monthly premieres
    49 If you're a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema you will enjoy free_
    A Darkroom Gallery shows
    B mailed programmes
    C special film events
    D film shows
    50 How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last
    A Four months B Eight months
    C Nine months D One year
    51.For what purpose is the text written
    A Offering students cheaper tickets.
    B Announcing the opening of a premiere
    C Telling the public of the cinema's address
    D Increasing the cinema's membership
    答案ABCD
    12(2011•四川卷)B
    Exploit your parking space
    An unused parking space or garage can make money If you live near a city center or an airport you could make anything up to £200 or £300 a week Put an advertisement(广告)for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark
    Rent(出租)a room
    Spare room Not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income but also thanks to the governmentbacked rent a room program you won’t have to pay any tax on the first £4500 you make per year Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy
    Make money during special events
    Don’t want a fulltime lodger Then rent on a shortterm basis If you live in the capital renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money Grashpadder can advertise your space
    Live on set
    Renting your home out as a film set could earn you hundreds of pounds a day depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked
    Use your roof
    You need the right kind of roof but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around£14000) and let you use the energy produced for nothing In return they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid However you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier which could prevent you from changing the roof
    45 If you earn £5000 from renting a room in one year the tax you need to pay will be based on ______
    A £800 B £500 C £4500 D5000
    46 Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event
    A On Letpark B On Roomspare
    C On Grashpadder D On Roommateeasy
    47 If you want to use energy free you have to_____
    A sign an agreement with the government
    B pay around £14000 for the equipment
    C sell the roof to some energy companies
    D keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years
    48 For whom the text most probably written
    A Lodgers B Advertisers
    C House owners D Online companies
    答案BCDC
    13(2011•福建卷)C

    Elixir
    written by Eric Walters
    Twelveyearold Roth becomes a friend of Dr Banting and his assistant Mr Best who are in search of a cure for diabetes (糖尿病)She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best

    George Washingtion Carver
    Written by Elizabeth Macleod
    Meet the Peanut(花生) Specialist George Washington Carver the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts Through his agricultural research he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern United States See also Macleod’s Albert Einstein A Life of Genius

    The Inuit Thought of It Amazing Arctic Innovations
    Written by Alootook Ipellie & David MacDonald
    Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people Also see other books The Chinese Thought of It by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald

    Made in Canada101 Amazing Achieverms
    Written by Bev Spencer
    What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connectionHere are 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadianincluding the Blackberryalkaline(碱性) batterices and the Blue Box yecycling program

    Newton and the Tlme Machine
    Written by Michael Me Gowan
    Tenyearold boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinesaurs up closeBut it disappears on a test run with his two huge friendsKing Herbert and Queen Certundein can he save them before time runs out
    64 Which of the following best describes Roth’s feeling in Book 1
    A Painful B Curious C Frightened D Disappointed
    65 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
    A Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5
    B Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts
    C Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr Banting
    D George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the US
    66 In Book 5 King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are_______
    A Newton’s human friends B the names of the time machine
    C two dinosaurs D the inventions of the time machine
    67 If you are interested in native Americans you may read the book by _____
    A Elizabeth Macleod B Eric Walters
    C Rocky London & David MacDonald D Bev Spencer
    答案64—67AACC

    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编科普知识类
    1(2011·陕西卷)D
    Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s gentically mondified (GM 转基) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the wordmainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis But can GM technology solve world hunger problems Even if it would is it the best solutiorr
    Despite what it promiisesGM technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp In fact
    Studies show that the most crown GM croo
    GM soybeans has suffered reduced productivity For instance a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production
    Something else however has been on the rise While GM seeds are expensive GM companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(杀虫剂) On the contrary US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production But nether is true said Bill Christison President of the US National Farm Coalition
    At the same time the authors of the book World Hunger Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production but by problems in food distribution and politics These indeed deserve our efforts and money Meanwhile the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food according to a 2008 World Bank report
    As a matter of fact scientists see better ways to feed the world Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger because better ways out are available among which green farming is supposed to be the first choice
    57The author develops the second paragraph mainly C
    A by classification B by comparison
    C by example D by process
    58 What does the underlined word boost in the third paragraph probably mean D
    A Control B Evaluate C Obtain D Increase
    59 GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________ B
    A practicing green farming B use of less chemicals
    C fair distribution of their crops D using more crops for fuel
    60 Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology
    C
    A Optimistic B Defensive C Disapproving D Casual
    2(2011·重庆卷)C
    Getting rid of dirt in the opinion of most people is a good thing However there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt
    In the early 16th century people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths By 1538 the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom So did the king of England in 1546 Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way Henry IV King of France was famously dirty Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath the king ordered that to avoid the attack of disease the nobleman should not go out
    Though the belief in the merit of dirt was longlived dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century Scientifically speaking cleaning away dirt is good to health Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease Yet it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea clothes need to be whiter than white cloths ever softer surfaces to shine Has the hate for dirt however gone too far
    Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt which might be responsible for the spread of diseaseOn the contrary Mary Ruebush an American immunologist(免疫学家)encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system And the latter position is gaining some ground
    64 The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because
    A they lived healthily in a dirty environment
    B they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
    C they believed disease could be spread in public baths
    D they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
    65Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing
    A Afraid B Curious
    C Approving D Uninterested
    66 How does the passage mainly develop
    A By providing examples
    B By making comparisons
    C By following the order of time
    D By following the order of importance
    67 What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
    A To stress the role of dirt
    B To introduce the history of dirt
    C To call attention to the danger of dirt
    D To present the change of views on dirt
    答案CA CD
    3(2011·湖南卷)C
    A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct () species
    The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant African forest elephant and African savanna elephant
    Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths
    The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths This result amazed all the scientists
    There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are
    indeed different species
    Previously many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 35metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 25metres The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons roughly double the weight of the forest elephant But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA
    Alfred Roca assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois said We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose
    66 One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________
    A the Asian elephant B the forest elephant
    C the savanna elephant D the mastodon elephant
    67 The underlined word divergence in paragraph 4means ________
    A evolution B exhibition C separation D examination
    68 The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ____________
    A DNA B height C weight D population
    69 What were Alfred Roca’s words mainly about
    A The conversation of African elephants
    B The purpose of studying African elephants
    C The way to divide African elephants into two units
    D The reason for the distinction of African elephants
    70 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
    A Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants B Amazing Experiment about Elephants
    C An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D A Long scientific Debate about Elephants
    C 科普说明文:African elephant 两种类
      66 fossils 定位找第三段第句两种fossilsmammas选项D
      67 文中divergence of the two species指代前文the Ase and the Afe have been distinct species divergencedistinct义换应选项C
      68 conclusion based on定位找倒数第二段句lay in based on 义换答案:A
      69 AR定位找倒数第段AR话中第句for conservation purpose 句for conservation purpose确定A
      70文章首句点明全文旨答案:C
    4(2011·江西卷)D
    Why should mankind explore space Why should money time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth These are questions that understandably are very often asked
    Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基构成) as human beings What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains and on into all possible areas and environments The wider the spread of a species the better its chance of survival Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible
    Nearly every successful civilization has explored because by doing so any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for Without knowledge we may be completely destroyed by the danger With knowledge we can lessen its effects
    Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜) resources to be found Even if we have no immediate need of them they will perhaps be useful later Resources may be more than physical possessions Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts (副产品) of technological developments in the space the chance to save ourselves might not exist
    While many resources are spent on what seems a small return the exploration of space allows creative brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works it also holds dangers The danger exists but knowledge can help human being to survive Without the ability to reach out across space the chance to save ourselves might not exist
    While Earth is the only planet known to support life surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets It is true that the lifestyle would be different but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future

    71 Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1
    A To express his doubts
    B To compare different ideas
    C To introduce points for discussion
    D To describe the conditions on Earth
    72 What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2
    A Humans are natureborn to do so
    B Humans have the tendency to fight
    C Humans may find new sources of food
    D Humans don’t like to stay in the same place
    73 The underlined wordspinoffs in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______
    A survival chances B potential resources
    C unexpected benefits D physical possessions
    74 What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets
    A O ur genetic makeup B Resources on the earth
    C The adaptive ability of humans D Byproducts in space exploration
    75 Which of the statements can best sum un the passage
    A Space exploration has created many wonders
    B Space exploration provided the best value for money
    C Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth
    解析:
    71 推理判断题答案选C文章典型议说明文提出问题分析问题套路第段通提出系列关太空探索利弊问题引发讨真怀疑没鲜明正反观点ABD偏差较远
     
    72 旨题答案选A第二段典型总分总结构旨句段首段尾Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings 原类基Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible B选项错fight词CD没提
    73 词义猜测题选C根spin off 前面we have already benefited from other spin off 关键词 benefit受益spin off面including … 说全获利益improvements in earthquake prediction 震预测进步等等什生存机会者潜资源选C
    74 细节题答案选C问题序致原答案应出现两段段首句找极端词定位While earth is the only planet known to support life surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets直接翻译知类适应力星球居住成
    75 推理判断题选D前两段引入第三段旨句(首句)意思文明会探索周围文明减低危险第四段旨句(首句)说探索够发现潜源第五段旨句(首句)说探索发现解决问题资源总说结太空探索帮助避免问题
    5(2011·江苏卷)A
    We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn’t we know who they are
    Joan Mclean think so In fact Mclean a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic In addition to learning whoinventedwhat however Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to thewhy and how questions According to McleanWhen students learn the answers to these questions they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try

    Sojust what is the story behind the windshield wiper WellMary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to Mew York CityThe day was cold and stormy but Anderson still wanted to see the sights so she jumped aboard a streetcar Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the winshieldshe found hersefe wondering why there couldn’t be a buoltin devic for cleaing the window Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham Alabama Anderson started drafting out solutions One of her ideas a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would contral an arm on the outside became the first windshield wiper Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovationsIt’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett AMorgan’s traffic light It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine JBlodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses
    56By mentionong traffic lightand windshield wiperthe author indicates that countless inventions are
    Abeneficialbecause their inventors are famous
    B beneficialthough their inventors are less famous
    Cnot useful because their inventors are less famous
    D not useful though their inventors are famous
    57Professor Joan McLean’s course aims to_____
    A add colour and variety to students’ campus life
    B inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention
    C carry out the requirements by Mountain University
    D pre[are students to try theie own invention
    58.Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _________ A not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures
    59 Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers B How to Design a Builtin Dervice for Cleaning the Window C Shouldn’t We Know Who Inventd the Windshield Wiper D Shouldn’t We Deve
    lop Invention Courses in Universities 56 B 推理判断题根第段容结合文推断作者提交通信号灯雨刮器等发明想说数发明类十分益然发明者没太名气
    57 D 细节理解题根第二段句知John McLean教授开设门课程目学生足够准备尝试发明东西
    58 B 细节理解题根第三段容知Tommy Lee发明会折断雨伞受雨刮器背事激励
    59 C 旨意题通读全文知文章第段题段特第段句充分体现作者想表达心声接容围绕第段展开第段服务
    6(2011·江苏卷)C
    According to the US government wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every yearUnfortunatelythe water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom An experiment under way off the coast of Norwayhowevercould help put them anywhere
    The project called Hywindis the world’s first largescale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机)Although it uses a fairly standard 152ton23megawatt turbineHywind represents totally new technology The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture)a technology Hywind’s creatorthe Norwegian company StatoilHydrohas developed recently The steel spar which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索)these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the wavesHywind’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind
    power If all goes according to plan the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September
    To produce electricity on a large scale a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean To make that turbine heavier the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture )
    Hywind is a test run but the benefits for perfecting floating windfarm technology could be extremely large Out at sea the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore where all existing offshore windmills are planted Deepsea farms are invisible from land which helps overcome the windmillaseyesore objection If the technology catches on it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available
    63 The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______
    A the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
    B the spar which is floating in deepsea water
    C the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
    D the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
    64 To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ____________
    A on the sea floor B on the spar top
    C at sea level D behind the blades
    65 Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ____________
    A solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
    B make financial profits by producing more turbines
    C settle the arguments about environmental problems
    D explore lowcarbon power resources available at sea
    63 B 细节理解题根第二段倒数第三句知该工程采全新技术确保漂浮深海水域中圆材稳定
    64 C 细节理解题根第三段句知较涡轮发电机圆材保持衡公司计划设计新发电机变速箱海面
    65 D 细节理解题根段句知深海风技术广泛应会海洋开发出低碳源
    7(2011·湖北卷)B Howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark An animals wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other There are different explants of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together But this theory may be wrong explains Fred H Harington a professor who studies wolf behavior Indeed there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts and the next quarreling anions each other It appears that usually the lowesttanking menthes of the pack may actually be punished for Joining in the churs at times So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members ——Why do welves howl for sure
    What is cleat however is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times When this happens howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering
    Howling interestingly is a contagious behaviour When one wolf starts to howl very likely others will follow This is often seen to occat in the morning as if wolves were doing some sotr of roll rallwhere wolves all howl togeter to howl very likely others will follow This is often seen to occar in the morning as if wolves were doing w some sotr of roll callwhere wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence
    55What the por similarity between wolves’ how humaes ting in chorus
    AThe act of calling each other
    Bthe sense of accomplishment
    CThe act of hunting for something
    DThe sense of belonging to a group
    56Why does Harrington think thesecial boadtheory may be wrong
    AWolves separate from each other after howling
    BWolves tend to protect their hunting grounds
    CWolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together
    DWolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus
    57Reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl to______
    Ashow their ranks
    B
    Crepotr the missing ones
    Dexpress their lonelingess
    58Howling… is a contagious behaviour(in the last paragraph)means_______
    Ahowling is a signal for hunting
    Bhowling is a way of communication
    Chowling aften occurs in the morning
    Dhowling spreads from one to another
    答案DCBD
    8(2011·湖北卷)E
    Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement—your cell phone or your wallet Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet
    In January Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6800 of its states This is the first pay by phone practice in the US but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the midlit
    Already in use in part of Asia and Europe NFCtheir plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market Three big gellphone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next i15 months Its goal isto lead the US payments industry from cards to mobile phone

    The other big NFC sue apart from how paymeats will be processed is security For instance what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phonesays Jimmy Shah A mobile security rescarcher Usera may also be able to set transaction timeitsrequiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases
    Bus siness Keep in mund you lost your smart phone it can be located on a located on a map and remotely ned Plus your phone can be password protected Your wallet isn’t
    67What is predicted to happen in the US
    AThe expansion of cellphone companices
    B The boom of pay by phone business
    C The dissppearanceof credit cards
    D The increase of Starbucks saless
    68The NFC technology can be used to________
    A ensure the safety of shoppers
    B collect transaction fees easily
    C make purchase faster and smpler
    D improve the quality of cellphones
    69Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to__________
    A strengthen their relationship
    B get a share in the payments industry
    C sell more cellphones
    D test the NFC teehnoingy
    70According to the what can users do if they lose their smart phones
    A Stop the luneting of niet phones
    B Stop a passwant
    C Cat all the money out of their phones
    D Can large purchases
    答案BCBA
    9(2011·广东卷)B
    Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight A recent research has found a new recipe of success According to the study if the cat is adopted before the dog and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats a year for dogs) it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog
    However it wasn’t all sweetness and light There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25 of the homes while aggression and fighting were observed in 10 of the homes One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite For example when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression while a dog doing the same signals submission
    In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully researchers observed a surprising behaviour They are learning how to talk each other’s language It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog’ and dogs can learn how to talk Cat’
    What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence They can learn to read each other’s body signals suggesting that the two may have more in common than was preciously suspected Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language cats and dogs can play together greet each other nose to nose and enjoy sleeping together in the sofa They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom(梳理) each other
    The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond petsto people who don’t get along including neighbors colleagues at work and even world superpowers If cats and dogs can learn to get along surely people have a good chance
    31 The underlined word swimmingly in paragraph1 is closest in meaning to______
    A early Bsweetly Cquickly D smoothly
    32 Some cats and dogs may fight when_________
    A they are cold to each other
    B they look away from each other
    C they misunderstand each other’s signals
    D they are introduced at an early age
    33 What is found surprising about cats and dogs
    A They eat and sleep together
    B They observe each other’s behaviors
    C They learn to speak each other’s language
    D They know something from each other’s voice
    34 It is suggested in paragraph 4 that cats and dogs_______
    A have common interests
    B are less different than was thought
    C have a common body langage
    D are less intelligent than was expected
    35 What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs
    A We should learn to live in harmony
    B We should knows more about animals
    C We should live in peace with animals
    D We should learn more body languages
    文章意文篇说明文通科学研究表明猫狗定情况够相处果先收养猫猫6狗年利相处通观察相处原间误解彼身势语造成趣猫狗够相互学彼身势语样相处
    31D考查推测词义果先收养猫猫6狗年利相处23采访家庭表明样结果
    32 C考查细节理解根第二段while aggression and fighting were observed in 10 of the homes One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite知选C
    33C考查细节理解根文章第三段In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully researchers observed a surprising behaviour They are learning how to talk each other’s language知C正确
    34 B考查细节理解根文章第四段中They can learn to read each other’s body signals suggesting that the two may have more in common than was preciously suspected知B正确
    35 A考查推理判断根文章段知动物王国公认猫狗相处况呢?
    10(2011·浙江卷)A
    One evening in February 2007 a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a trainHer Renault Clio parked across a railway line Second latershe watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks
    Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪)She had never driven the route before It was dark and raining heavily Ceely was relying on her GPS But it made no mention of the crossing I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train she told the BBC
    W ho is to blame here Rick Stevenson who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail US finger at the limitations of technology We put our faith in digital devices he says
    but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job They are filled with small problems And it’s not just GPS devices Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key boards
    The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses digital technologywhile there may be a number of other possible causes A mapmaker might have left the crossing off a paper map Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the CPS equipment But Stevenson doesn’t say
    It’s a problem that runs through the book In a section on cars Stevenson gives an accout of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computerbased locking systems for cars He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft both show a small rise in some parts of the country He says that once once again not all new locks have proved reliable Perhaps but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets Or changing social circumstances Or some combination of these factors
    The game between humans and their smart devices is complex It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be way a wiser use of technology
    If there is such a way it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines After all we have lived with them for thousands of years They have probably been fooling us for just as long  41 What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident           
     A She was not familiar with the road           
     B It was dark and raining heavily then   
    C The railway works failed to give the signal
    D Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing
       42The phrase near miss (paragraph 2 ) can best be replaced by _______             
    A close bit                    B heavy loss             Cnarrow escape         D big mistake      
      43Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with             
    A Modern technology is what we can’t live without            
    B Digital technology often falls short of out expectation            
    C Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be             
    D GPS error is not the only cause for Celery’s accident 
    44In the writer’s opinion Stevenson’s argument is________
    A onesided B reasonable Cpuzzling Dwellbased
    45What is the real concern of the writer of this article
    AThe major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts
    BThe relationship between humans and technology
    C The shortcomings of digital devices we use           
    D The human unawareness  of technical problems
    答案DCBAB
    11(2011·海卷)(C)
    Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says I a letter addressed to the justice secretary Ken Clarke 40 archaeologists write of their deep and widespread concern about the issue It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years regardless of their age The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and
    cultural significance
    Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice they write
    The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3000 BC Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground
    The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950000 years ago If human remains were found at Happisburgh they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed
    Before 2008 guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary but has so far failed to revise it
    Mike Parker Pearson an archaeologist at Sheffield University said Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we wee led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem but we feel that we cannot wait any longer
    The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied or on what records should be kept
    72 According to the passage scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _________
    A it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
    B it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
    C it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
    D it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
    73 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
    A Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time
    B Human remains of the oldest species wee dug out at Happisburgh
    C Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time
    D Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed
    74 What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains
    A The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains
    B The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857
    C The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades
    D The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law
    75 Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
    A New discoveries should be reburied the government demands
    B Research time should be extended scientists require
    C Law on human remains needs thorough discussion authorities say
    D Law could bury ancient secrets for ever archaeologists warn
    答案BCDD
    12(2011·海卷)(B)
    Humpback whales
    Quick Facts
    Size 14m18m in length
    3050 tons in weight
    Living Open ocean and
    shallow coastline
    waters
    Environment From warm tropical(热带) waters where they breed to cold
    polar waters where they eat
    Diet Shellfish plants and
    fish of small size
    Hunting Sometimes in groups in which several whales form a circle under the water blowing bubbles that form a net around a school of fish The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass
    Current state endangered it
    is estimated that there
    are about 50007500
    humpback whales
    worldwide
    Blowhole dorsal fin
    tail
    flukes

    Pectoral fin
    Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of
    the ocean This is because they can make impressive
    movements when they dive The name humpback which
    is the common name for this whale refers to the typical
    curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives
    Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic
    movement known as a breach During breaching the whale
    uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly twothirds of its
    body out of the water in a giant leap A breach might also
    include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings
    as the whale reaches the height of the breach
    A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the
    Water through two blowholes which are located near the top
    of the head It blows a double stream of water that can rise
    up to 4 meters above the water
    The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards
    the tail flukes about twothirds of the way down its back
    other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins
    which may be up to a third of the body length and unique
    black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes
    These markings are like fingerprints no two are the same
    Humpback whales live in large groups They
    communicate with each other through complex songs
    69 According to Quick Facts a humpback whale _____
    A cannot survive in waters near the shore B doesn’t live in the same waters all the time
    C lives mainly on underwater plants D prefers t work alone when hunting food
    70 To make a breach a humpback whale must _____
    A use its tail flukes to leap out of the water B twist its body sideways t jump high
    C blow two streams of water D communicate with a group of humpbacks
    71 From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ________
    A has its unique markings on its tail flukes B has black and white fingerprints
    C gets its name from the way it hunts D is a great performer due to its songs
    答案BAA
    13(2011·全国II)B
    For those who study the development of intelligence(智力)in the animal world selfawareness is an important measurement An animal that is aware(意识)of itself has a high
    level of intelligence
    Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror that is its own reflected image(反射出影).Many animals fail this exercise bitterly paying very little attention to the reflected image Only humans and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves
    Now another animal has joined the club In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test We thought that elephants were the next important animal said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society an author of the study with Joshua M Plotnik and Fans B.M de Waal of Emory University With their large brains Reiss said elephants seemed like cousins to apes and
    dolphins
    The researchers tested Happy Maxine and Patty three elephants at the Bronx Zoo They put
    an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras including one built in the mirror
    The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it and to examine parts of their bodies
    Of the three Happy then passed the test in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose
    Diana Reiss said We knew elephants were intelligent but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way
    45 What can mirror tests tell us about animals
    A Whether they have large brains
    B .Whether they have selfawareness
    C Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises
    D Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors
    46 Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text
    A They are most familiar to readers
    B .They are big favorites with zoo visitors
    C They are included in the study by Reiss
    D They are already known to be intelligent
    47 What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty
    A She used her nose to search behind the mirror
    B She recognized her own image in the mirror
    C She painted a mark on her own face
    D She found the hidden camera
    答案BDB
    14(2011·四川卷)C
    The pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life
    Set to open in 2013 the £188m LoB is already beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre with which it will share some equipment
    As digital media(媒介)is important to its idea the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies
    Brian Gambles the LoB project director says it is about giving people the right tools for learningThe aim is to mix the physical with the digital Providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways It is important to enable us to reach more people more effectively
    The digital library will he says be as important as the physical one allowing the distant use of the services making sure that it is never closed to the public
    Even before the LoB is complete the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟)LoB designed by Baden the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens
    Two other small Birminghambased digital companies are working on the LoB projects Substrat a digital design company is developing what it calls an example of an enlarged reality project It is about the use of an exciting smart phone an important part of the which is the early stages of development is an online library of figures of the city being built up by a content company in Cahoots in which users with the encouraged to add to and comment on the material
    Gambles says Technology will enable us to make the library’s and services open to citizens as sever before 49The underline part its idea in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of____ A the equipment B the project C the digital media D the physical library 50While visiting the Virtual LoB the public can_____ A get a general idea of the LoB B meet more worldfamous experts C learn how to put up a library building D understand how the specialists work on the project 51Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens
    a It offers better learning tools
    b It reaches users in different ways
    c It provides users with smart phone
    d It allows users to enrich its material
    e It gives nonstop physical and digital services
    A a b d B a c e C b c d D b d e 52This ext more from
    A a put book B a library guide
    C a handbook D newspaper report
    答案BA AD
    15(2011·福建卷)E
    The internet will open up new vistas (前景)creat the global village you can make new friends all around the world Thatat least is what it promised us The difficulty is that
    It did not take the human mind into account The reality is that we cannot keep relationship than a limited number of people No matter how hard the internet tries to put
    You in communication its best efforts will be defeated by your mind
    The problem is twofold(双重) First there is a limit on the number of people we can hole in mind and have a meaningful relationship with That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain Second the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in then We invest a lot in a smal
    l number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can The problem is that if we invest little time in a person our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into someone I once knew
    This is not of course to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function Of course it does But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world
    In one sense that’s a good thing But it also has a disadvantage If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other face to face The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end but it won’t stop that happening eventually
    72 What is stressed in the first paragraph
    A The present situation of the internet
    B The difficulty in communication on the internet
    C The socially valuable function of the internet
    D The role of the human mind in the internet communication
    73 The underlined word engagement in the second paragraph probably means ____
    A appointment B connection C interview D agreement
    74 According to the passenger the author holds the view that____
    A the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised
    B the internet determines the quality of social relationships
    C the internet greatly increases the size of social circles
    D the internet communication is no less effective than the
    facetoface talk
    75 What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships
    A He is uncertain about it B He is hopeful of it
    C He approves of it D He doubts it
    答案DBAD
    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编科普知识类
    1(2011·陕西卷)D
    Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s gentically mondified (GM 转基) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the wordmainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis But can GM technology solve world hunger problems Even if it would is it the best solutiorr
    Despite what it promiisesGM technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp In fact
    Studies show that the most crown GM croo
    GM soybeans has suffered reduced productivity For instance a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production
    Something else however has been on the rise While GM seeds are expensive GM companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(杀虫剂) On the contrary US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production But nether is true said Bill Christison President of the US National Farm Coalition
    At the same time the authors of the book World Hunger Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production but by problems in food distribution and politics These indeed deserve our efforts and money Meanwhile the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food according to a 2008 World Bank report
    As a matter of fact scientists see better ways to feed the world Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger because better ways out are available among which green farming is supposed to be the first choice
    57The author develops the second paragraph mainly C
    A by classification B by comparison
    C by example D by process
    58 What does the underlined word boost in the third paragraph probably mean D
    A Control B Evaluate C Obtain D Increase
    59 GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________ B
    A practicing green farming B use of less chemicals
    C fair distribution of their crops D using more crops for fuel
    60 Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology
    C
    A Optimistic B Defensive C Disapproving D Casual
    2(2011·重庆卷)C
    Getting rid of dirt in the opinion of most people is a good thing However there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt
    In the early 16th century people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths By 1538 the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom So did the king of England in 1546 Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way Henry IV King of France was famously dirty Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath the king ordered that to avoid the attack of disease the nobleman should not go out
    Though the belief in the merit of dirt was longlived dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century Scientifically speaking cleaning away dirt is good to health Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease Yet it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea clothes need to be whiter than white cloths ever softer surfaces to shine Has the hate for dirt however gone too far
    Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt which might be responsible for the spread of diseaseOn the contrary Mary Ruebush an American immunologist(免疫学家)encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system And the latter position is gaining some ground
    64 The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because
    A they lived healthily in a dirty environment
    B they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
    C they believed disease could be spread in public baths
    D they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
    65Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing
    A Afraid B Curious
    C Approving D Uninterested
    66 How does the passage mainly develop
    A By providing examples
    B By making comparisons
    C By following the order of time
    D By following the order of importance
    67 What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
    A To stress the role of dirt
    B To introduce the history of dirt
    C To call attention to the danger of dirt
    D To present the change of views on dirt
    答案CA CD
    3(2011·湖南卷)C
    A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct () species
    The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant African forest elephant and African savanna elephant
    Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths
    The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants
    have been distinct species for several million years The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths This result amazed all the scientists
    There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species
    Previously many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 35metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 25metres The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons roughly double the weight of the forest elephant But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA
    Alfred Roca assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois said We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose
    66 One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________
    A the Asian elephant B the forest elephant
    C the savanna elephant D the mastodon elephant
    67 The underlined word divergence in paragraph 4means ________
    A evolution B exhibition C separation D examination
    68 The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ____________
    A DNA B height C weight D population
    69 What were Alfred Roca’s words mainly about
    A The conversation of African elephants
    B The purpose of studying African elephants
    C The way to divide African elephants into two units
    D The reason for the distinction of African elephants
    70 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
    A Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants B Amazing Experiment about Elephants
    C An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D A Long scientific Debate about Elephants
    C 科普说明文:African elephant 两种类
      66 fossils 定位找第三段第句两种fossilsmammas选项D
      67 文中divergence of the two species指代前文the Ase and the Afe have been distinct species divergencedistinct义换应选项C
      68 conclusion based on定位找倒数第二段句lay in based on 义换答案:A
      69 AR定位找倒数第段AR话中第句for conservation purpose 句for conservation purpose确定A
      70文章首句点明全文旨答案:C
    4(2011·江西卷)D
    Why should mankind explore space Why should money time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth These are questions that understandably are very often asked
    Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基构成) as human beings What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains and on into all possible areas and environments The wider the spread of a species the better its chance of survival Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible
    Nearly every successful civilization has explored because by doing so any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for Without knowledge we may be completely destroyed by the danger With knowledge we can lessen its effects
    Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜) resources to be found Even if we have no immediate need of them they will perhaps be useful later Resources may be more than physical possessions Knowledge or techniques have b
    een acquired through exploration The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts (副产品) of technological developments in the space the chance to save ourselves might not exist
    While many resources are spent on what seems a small return the exploration of space allows creative brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works it also holds dangers The danger exists but knowledge can help human being to survive Without the ability to reach out across space the chance to save ourselves might not exist
    While Earth is the only planet known to support life surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets It is true that the lifestyle would be different but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future

    71 Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1
    A To express his doubts
    B To compare different ideas
    C To introduce points for discussion
    D To describe the conditions on Earth
    72 What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2
    A Humans are natureborn to do so
    B Humans have the tendency to fight
    C Humans may find new sources of food
    D Humans don’t like to stay in the same place
    73 The underlined wordspinoffs in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______
    A survival chances B potential resources
    C unexpected benefits D physical possessions
    74 What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets
    A O ur genetic makeup B Resources on the earth
    C The adaptive ability of humans D Byproducts in space exploration
    75 Which of the statements can best sum un the passage
    A Space exploration has created many wonders
    B Space exploration provided the best value for money
    C Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth
    解析:
    71 推理判断题答案选C文章典型议说明文提出问题分析问题套路第段通提出系列关太空探索利弊问题引发讨真怀疑没鲜明正反观点ABD偏差较远
     
    72 旨题答案选A第二段典型总分总结构旨句段首段尾Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings 原类基Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible B选项错fight词CD没提
    73 词义猜测题选C根spin off 前面we have already benefited from other spin off 关键词 benefit受益spin off面including … 说全获利益improvements in earthquake prediction 震预测进步等等什生存机会者潜资源选C
    74 细节题答案选C问题序致原答案应出现两段段首句找极端词定位While earth is the only planet known to support life surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets直接翻译知类适应力星球居住成
    75 推理判断题选D前两段引入第三段旨句(首句)意思文明会探索周围文明减低危险第四段旨句(首句)说探索够发现潜源第五段旨句(首句)说探索发现解决问题资源总说结太空探索帮助避免问题
    5(2011·江苏卷)A
    We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn’t we know who they are
    Joan Mclean think so In fact Mclean a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic In addition to learning whoinventedwhat however Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to thewhy and how questions According to McleanWhen students learn the answers to these questions they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try
    Sojust what is the story behind the windshield wiper WellMary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to Mew York CityThe day was cold and stormy but Anderson still wanted to see the sights so she jumped aboard a streetcar Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the winshieldshe found hersefe wondering why there couldn’t be a buoltin devic for cleaing the window Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham Alabama Anderson started drafting out solutions One of her ideas a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would contral an arm on the outside became the first windshield wiper Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovationsIt’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett AMorgan’s traffic light It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine JBlodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses
    56By mentionong traffic lightand windshield wiperthe author indicates that countless inventions are
    Abeneficialbecause their inventors are famous
    B beneficialthough their inventors are less famous
    Cnot useful because their inventors are less famous
    D not useful though their inventors are famous
    57Professor Joan McLean’s course aims to_____
    A add colour and variety to students’ campus life
    B inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention
    C carry out the requirements by Mountain University
    D pre[are students to try theie own invention
    58.Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _________ A not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D not related to Professor Jo
    an McLean’s lectures
    59 Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers B How to Design a Builtin Dervice for Cleaning the Window C Shouldn’t We Know Who Inventd the Windshield Wiper D Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities 56 B 推理判断题根第段容结合文推断作者提交通信号灯雨刮器等发明想说数发明类十分益然发明者没太名气
    57 D 细节理解题根第二段句知John McLean教授开设门课程目学生足够准备尝试发明东西
    58 B 细节理解题根第三段容知Tommy Lee发明会折断雨伞受雨刮器背事激励
    59 C 旨意题通读全文知文章第段题段特第段句充分体现作者想表达心声接容围绕第段展开第段服务
    6(2011·江苏卷)C
    According to the US government wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every yearUnfortunatelythe water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom An experiment under way off the coast of Norwayhowevercould help put them anywhere
    The project called Hywindis the world’s first largescale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机)Although it uses a fairly standard 152ton23megawatt turbineHywind represents totally new technology The
    turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture)a technology Hywind’s creatorthe Norwegian company StatoilHydrohas developed recently The steel spar which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索)these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the wavesHywind’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power If all goes according to plan the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September
    To produce electricity on a large scale a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean To make that turbine heavier the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture )
    Hywind is a test run but the benefits for perfecting floating windfarm technology could be extremely large Out at sea the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore where all existing offshore windmills are planted Deepsea farms are invisible from land which helps overcome the windmillaseyesore objection If the technology catches on it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available
    63 The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______
    A the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
    B the spar which is floating in deepsea water
    C the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
    D the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
    64 To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ____________
    A on the sea floor B on the spar top
    C at sea level D behind the blades
    65 Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ____________
    A solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
    B make financial profits by producing more turbines
    C settle the arguments about environmental problems
    D explore lowcarbon power resources available at sea
    63 B 细节理解题根第二段倒数第三句知该工程采全新技术确保漂浮深海水域中圆材稳定
    64 C 细节理解题根第三段句知较涡轮发电机圆材保持衡公司计划设计新发电机变速箱海面
    65 D 细节理解题根段句知深海风技术广泛应会海洋开发出低碳源
    7(2011·湖北卷)B Howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark An animals wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other There are different explants of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together But this theory may be wrong explains Fred H Harington a professor who studies wolf behavior Indeed there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts and the next quarreling anions each other It appears that usually the lowesttanking menthes of the pack may actually be punished for Joining in the churs at times So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members ——Why do welves howl for sure
    What is cleat however is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times When this happens howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering
    Howling interestingly is a contagious behaviour When one wolf starts to howl very likely others will follow This is often seen to occat in the morning as if wolves were doing some sotr of roll rallwhere wolves all howl togeter to howl very likely others will follow This is often seen to occar in the morning as if wolves were doing w some sotr of roll callwhere wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence
    55What the por similarity between wolves’ how humaes ting in chorus
    AThe act of calling each other
    Bthe sense of accomplishment
    CThe act of hunting for something
    DThe sense of belonging to a group
    56Why does Harrington think thesecial boadtheory may be wrong
    AWolves separate from each other after howling
    BWolves tend to protect their hunting grounds
    CWolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together
    DWolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus
    57Reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl to______
    Ashow their ranks
    B
    Crepotr the missing ones
    Dexpress their lonelingess
    58Howling… is a contagious behaviour(in the last paragraph)means_______
    Ahowling is a signal for hunting
    Bhowling is a way of communication
    Chowling aften occurs in the morning
    Dhowling spreads from one to another
    答案DCBD
    8(2011·湖北卷)E
    Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement—your cell phone or your wallet Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet
    In January Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6800 of its states This is the first pay by phone practice in the US but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the midlit
    Already in use in part of Asia and Europe NFCtheir plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be
    worked out like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market Three big gellphone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next i15 months Its goal isto lead the US payments industry from cards to mobile phone
    The other big NFC sue apart from how paymeats will be processed is security For instance what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phonesays Jimmy Shah A mobile security rescarcher Usera may also be able to set transaction timeitsrequiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases
    Bus siness Keep in mund you lost your smart phone it can be located on a located on a map and remotely ned Plus your phone can be password protected Your wallet isn’t
    67What is predicted to happen in the US
    AThe expansion of cellphone companices
    B The boom of pay by phone business
    C The dissppearanceof credit cards
    D The increase of Starbucks saless
    68The NFC technology can be used to________
    A ensure the safety of shoppers
    B collect transaction fees easily
    C make purchase faster and smpler
    D improve the quality of cellphones
    69Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to__________
    A strengthen their relationship
    B get a share in the payments industry
    C sell more cellphones
    D test the NFC teehnoingy
    70According to the what can users do if they lose their smart phones
    A Stop the luneting of niet phones
    B Stop a passwant
    C Cat all the money out of their phones
    D Can large purchases
    答案BCBA
    9(2011·广东卷)B
    Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight A recent research has found a new recipe of success According to the study if the cat is adopted before the dog and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats a year for dogs) it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog
    However it wasn’t all sweetness and light There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25 of the homes while aggression and fighting were observed in 10 of the homes One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite For example when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression while a dog doing the same signals submission
    In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully researchers observed a surprising behaviour They are learning how to talk each other’s language It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog’ and dogs can learn how to talk Cat’
    What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence They can learn to read each other’s body signals suggesting that the two may have more in common than was preciously suspected Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language cats and dogs can play together greet each other nose to nose and enjoy sleeping together in the sofa They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom(梳理) each other
    The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond petsto people who don’t get along including neighbors colleagues at work and even world superpowers If cats and dogs can learn to get along surely people have a good chance
    31 The underlined word swimmingly in paragraph1 is closest in meaning to______
    A early Bsweetly Cquickly D smoothly
    32 Some cats and dogs may fight when_________
    A they are cold to each other
    B they look away from each other
    C they misunderstand each other’s signals
    D they are introduced at an early age
    33 What is found surprising about cats and dogs
    A They eat and sleep together
    B They observe each other’s behaviors
    C They learn to speak each other’s language
    D They know something from each other’s voice
    34 It is suggested in paragraph 4 that cats and dogs_______
    A have common interests
    B are less different than was thought
    C have a common body langage
    D are less intelligent than was expected
    35 What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs
    A We should learn to live in harmony
    B We should knows more about animals
    C We should live in peace with animals
    D We should learn more body languages
    文章意文篇说明文通科学研究表明猫狗定情况够相处果先收养猫猫6狗年利相处通观察相处原间误解彼身势语造成趣猫狗够相互学彼身势语样相处
    31D考查推测词义果先收养猫猫6狗年利相处23采访家庭表明样结果
    32 C考查细节理解根第二段while aggression and fighting were observed in 10 of the homes One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite知选C
    33C考查细节理解根文章第三段In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully researchers observed a surprising behaviour They are learning how to tal
    k each other’s language知C正确
    34 B考查细节理解根文章第四段中They can learn to read each other’s body signals suggesting that the two may have more in common than was preciously suspected知B正确
    35 A考查推理判断根文章段知动物王国公认猫狗相处况呢?
    10(2011·浙江卷)A
    One evening in February 2007 a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a trainHer Renault Clio parked across a railway line Second latershe watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks
    Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪)She had never driven the route before It was dark and raining heavily Ceely was relying on her GPS But it made no mention of the crossing I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train she told the BBC
    W ho is to blame here Rick Stevenson who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail US finger at the limitations of technology We put our faith in digital devices he says
    but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job They are filled with small problems And it’s not just GPS devices Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key boards
    The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses digital technologywhile there may be a number of other possible causes A mapmaker might have left the crossing off a paper map Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the CPS equipment But Stevenson doesn’t say
    It’s a problem that runs through the book In a section on cars Stevenson gives an accout of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computerbased locking systems for cars He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft both show a small rise in some parts of the country He says that once once again not all new locks have proved reliable Perhaps but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets Or changing social circumstances Or some combination of these factors
    The game between humans and their smart devices is complex It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be way a wiser use of technology
    If there is such a way it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines After all we have lived with them for thousands of years They have probably been fooling us for just as long  41 What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident           
     A She was not familiar with the road           
     B It was dark and raining heavily then   
    C The railway works failed to give the signal
    D Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing
       42The phrase near miss (paragraph 2 ) can best be replaced by _______             
    A close bit                    B heavy loss             Cnarrow escape         D big mistake      
      43Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with             
    A Modern technology is what we can’t live without            
    B Digital technology often falls short of out expectation            
    C Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be             
    D GPS error is not the only cause for Celery’s accident 
    44In the writer’s opinion Stevenson’s argument is________
    A onesided B reasonable Cpuzzling Dwellbased
    45What is the real concern of the writer of this article
    AThe major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts
    BThe relationship between humans and technology
    C The shortcomings of digital devices we use           
    D The human unawareness  of technical problems
    答案DCBAB
    11(2011·海卷)(C)
    Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says I a letter addressed to the justice secretary Ken Clarke 40 archaeologists write of their deep and widespread concern about the issue It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years regardless of their age The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance
    Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice they write
    The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3000 BC Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground
    The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950000 years ago If human remains were found at Happisburgh they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed
    Before 2008 guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary but has so far failed to revise it
    Mike Parker Pearson an archaeologist at Sheffield University said Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we wee led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem but we feel that we cannot wait any longer
    The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied or on what records should be kept
    72 According to the passage scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _________
    A it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
    B it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
    C it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
    D it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
    73 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
    A Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time
    B Human remains of the oldest species wee dug out at Happisburgh
    C Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time
    D Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed
    74 What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains
    A The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains
    B The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857
    C The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades
    D The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law
    75 Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
    A New discoveries should be reburied the government demands
    B Research time should be extended scientists require
    C Law on human remains needs thorough discussion authorities say
    D Law could bury ancient secrets for ever archaeologists warn
    答案BCDD
    12(2011·海卷)(B)
    Humpback whales
    Quick Facts
    Size 14m18m in length
    3050 tons in weight
    Living Open ocean and
    shallow coastline
    waters
    Environment From warm tropical(热带) waters where they breed to cold
    polar waters where they eat
    Diet Shellfish plants and
    fish of small size
    Hunting Sometimes in groups in which several whales form a circle under the water blowing bubbles that form a net around a school of fish The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass
    Current state endangered it
    is estimated that there
    are about 50007500
    humpback whales
    worldwide
    Blowhole dorsal fin
    tail
    flukes

    Pectoral fin
    Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of
    the ocean This is because they can make impressive
    movements when they dive The name humpback which
    is the common name for this whale refers to the typical
    curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives
    Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic
    movement known as a breach During breaching the whale
    uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly twothirds of its
    body out of the water in a giant leap A breach might also
    include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings
    as the whale reaches the height of the breach
    A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the
    Water through two blowholes which are located near the top
    of the head It blows a double stream of water that can rise
    up to 4 meters above the water
    The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards
    the tail flukes about twothirds of the way down its back
    other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins
    which may be up to a third of the body length and unique
    black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes
    These markings are like fingerprints no two are the same
    Humpback whales live in large groups They
    communicate with each other through complex songs
    69 According to Quick Facts a humpback whale _____
    A cannot survive in waters near the shore B doesn’t live in the same waters all the time
    C lives mainly on underwater plants D prefers t work alone when hunting food
    70 To make a breach a humpback whale must _____
    A use its tail flukes to leap out of the water B twist its body sideways t jump high
    C blow two streams of water D communicate with a group of humpbacks
    71 From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ________
    A has its unique markings on its tail flukes B has black and white fingerprints
    C gets its name from the way it hunts D is a great performer due to its songs
    答案BAA
    13(2011·全国II)B
    For those who study the development of intelligence(智力)in the animal world selfawareness is an important measurement An animal that is aware(意识)of itself has a high
    level of intelligence
    Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror that is its own reflected image(反射出影).Many animals fail this exercise bitterly paying very little attention to the reflected image Only humans and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves
    Now another animal has joined the club In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test We thought that elephants were the next important animal said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society an author of the study with Joshua M Plotnik and Fans B.M de Waal of Emory University With their large brains Reiss said elephants seemed like cousins to apes and
    dolphins
    The researchers tested Happy Maxine and Patty three elephants at the Bronx Zoo They put
    an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras including one built in the mirror
    The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it and to examine parts of their bodies
    Of the three Happy then passed the test in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose
    Diana Reiss said We knew elephants were intelligent but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way
    45 What can mirror tests tell us about animals
    A Whether they have large brains
    B .Whether they have selfawareness
    C Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises
    D Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors
    46 Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text
    A They are most familiar to readers
    B .They are big favorites with zoo visitors
    C They are included in the study by Reiss
    D They are already known to be intelligent
    47 What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty
    A She used her nose to search behind the mirror
    B She recognized her own image in the mirror
    C She painted a mark on her own face
    D She found the hidden camera
    答案BDB
    14(2011·四川卷)C
    The pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life
    Set to open in 2013 the £188m LoB is already beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre with which it will share some equipment
    As digital media(媒介)is important to its idea the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies
    Brian Gambles the LoB project director says it is about giving people the right tools for learningThe aim is to mix the physical with the digital Providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways It is important to enable us to reach more people more effectively
    The digital library will he says be as important as the physical one allowing the distant use of the services making sure that it is never closed to the public
    Even before the LoB is complete the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟)LoB designed by Baden the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens
    Two other small Birminghambased digital companies are working on the LoB projects Sub
    strat a digital design company is developing what it calls an example of an enlarged reality project It is about the use of an exciting smart phone an important part of the which is the early stages of development is an online library of figures of the city being built up by a content company in Cahoots in which users with the encouraged to add to and comment on the material Gambles says Technology will enable us to make the library’s and services open to citizens as sever before 49The underline part its idea in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of____ A the equipment B the project C the digital media D the physical library 50While visiting the Virtual LoB the public can_____ A get a general idea of the LoB B meet more worldfamous experts C learn how to put up a library building D understand how the specialists work on the project 51Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens
    a It offers better learning tools
    b It reaches users in different ways
    c It provides users with smart phone
    d It allows users to enrich its material
    e It gives nonstop physical and digital services
    A a b d B a c e C b c d D b d e 52This ext more from
    A a put book B a library guide
    C a handbook D newspaper report
    答案BA AD
    15(2011·福建卷)E
    The internet will open up new vistas (前景)creat the global village you can make new friends all around the world Thatat least is what it promised us The difficulty is that
    It did not take the human mind into account The reality is that we cannot keep relationship than a limited number of people No matter how hard the internet tries to put
    You in communication its best efforts will be defeated by your mind
    The problem is twofold(双重) First there is a limit on the number of people we can hole in mind and have a meaningful relationship with That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain Second the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in then We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can The problem is that if we invest little time in a person our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into someone I once knew
    This is not of course to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function Of course it does But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world
    In one sense that’s a good thing But it also has a disadvantage If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other face to face The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end but it won’t stop that happening eventually
    72 What is stressed in the first paragraph
    A The present situation of the internet
    B The difficulty in communication on the internet
    C The socially valuable function of the internet
    D The role of the human mind in the internet communication
    73 The underlined word engagement in the second paragraph probably means ____
    A appointment B connection C interview D agreement
    74 According to the passenger the author holds the view that____
    A the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised
    B the internet determines the quality of social relationships
    C the internet greatly increases the size of social circles
    D the internet communication is no less effective than the
    facetoface talk
    75 What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships
    A He is uncertain about it B He is hopeful of it
    C He approves of it D He doubts it
    答案DBAD
    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编历史理类
    1(2011·安徽卷)D
    Ireland has had a very difficult history The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland For hundreds of years the Irish people fought against the English Finally in 1921 the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland The result is that today there are two Irelands Northern Ireland in the north is part of the united kingdom The Republic of Ireland in the south is an independent country
    In the 1840s the main crop potatoes was affected by disease and about 750000 people died of hunger This and a shortage (短缺) of work forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA the UK Australia and Canada As a result of these problems the population fell from 82 million in 1841 to 66 million in 1851
    For many years the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers Today many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside where things move at a quieter and slower pace
    The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly Oscar Wilde a famous Irish writer once said that the Irish were the greatest talkers since the Greeks Since independence Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music language literature and singing Different areas have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin whistles etc
    文章意文理状况口发展济情况社会生活等方面介绍爱尔兰国美丽国家更进步解
    68 What does the author tell us in paragraph 1
    A How the Irish fought against the English
    B How Ireland gained independence
    C How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland
    D How two Irelands came into being
    解析选D旨意题通读第段知段介绍爱尔兰国(The Republic of Ireland)北爱尔兰(Northern Ireland)D项正确
    69 We learn from the text that in Ireland
    A food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population
    B people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside
    C it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker
    D different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments
    解析选A细节理解题通读第二段知十九世纪四十年代农作物土豆受病害影响国工作机会缺乏量爱尔兰移国家爱尔兰口降A项正确B项中移城市非农村缺少工作机会文章中没城市乡村生活难易D项错误all非全部爱尔兰歌谣乐器
    70 The last paragraph is mainly about
    A the Irish character B Irish culture
    C Irish musical instruments D a famous Irish writer
    解析选B旨意题文章末段爱尔兰民族性音乐语言文学等方面介绍爱尔兰民族文化B项正确ACD项提细节
    71 What can be the best title for the text
    A Life in Ireland
    B A Very Difficult History
    C Ireland Past and Present
    D The Independence of Ireland
    解析选C文章标题题通读全文知文理状况口发展济情况社会生活等方面介绍爱尔兰国现C项全面
    2(2011·辽宁卷)C
    Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车) But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896 That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile
    Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker instead of making the worker move to the parts That is not true either Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better And he made the whole factory a moving production line
    In the early days of the automobile almost every ear maker raced his cars It was the best way of gaining public notice Henry Ford decided to build a racing car Ford's most famous race was his first one It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself
    The race was in 1901 at a field near Detroit All of the most famous cars had entered but only two were left the Winton and Ford's The Winton was famous for its speed Most people thought the race was over before it began
    The Winton took an early lead But halfway through the race it began to lose power Ford started to gain And near the end of the race he took the lead Ford won the race and defeated the Winton His name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the United States Within weeks of the race Henry Ford formed a new automobile company In the 1903 a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream Ford said I will build a motor car for the great mass of people It will be large enough for the family but small enough for one person to operate and care for It will be built of the best materials It will be built by the best men to be employed And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one
    The Model T was a car of that kind It only cost 850 It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on Doctors bought the Model T So did farmers Even criminalsThey considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation Americans loved the Model T They wrote stories and songs about it Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years
    63 What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1
    A He made good use of ideas from others
    B He produced the first car in the world
    C He knew how to improve auto parts
    D He invented the production line
    64 Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race
    A To show off his driving skills
    B To draw public attention
    C To learn about new technology
    D To raise money for his new company
    65 That sale in Paragraph 4 refers to
    A the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices
    B the sale of Model T to the mass of people
    C the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor
    D the sales target for the Ford Company
    66 What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text
    A Producing cars for average customers
    B Building racing cars of simple design
    C Designing more car models
    D Starting more companies
    答案ABCA

    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编物传记类
    1(2011·山东卷)A
    Arthur Miller(19152005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century Miller` s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungarydrawn like so many others by the Great American Dream However he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s
    Millers' s most famous play Death of a Salesman is a powerful attack on the American system with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth In Willy Loman the hero of the play we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth Willy is burnt out and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment if he can't do the work then he is no good to his employer the Wagner Company and he must go Willy is painfully aware of this and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end
    When it was first staged in 1949 the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews and it won the Tony Award for Best Play the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama It was the first play to win all three of these major awards
    Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury Connecticut on the evening of February 102005the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway高考资源网
    56 Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA
    A He suffered from severe hunger in his home country
    B He was attracted by the Great American Dream
    C He hoped to make his son a dramatist
    D His family business failed
    57 The play Death of a Salesman
    A exposes the cruelty of the American business world
    B discusses the ways to get promoted in a company
    C talks about the business career of Arthur Miller [Ks5ucom]
    D focuses on the skills in doing business
    58 What can we learn about Willy Loman
    A He treats his employer badly
    B He runs the Wagner Company
    C He is a victim of the American system
    D He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues
    59 After it was first staged Death of a Salesman
    A achieved huge success
    B won the first Tony Award
    C was warmly welcomed by salesmen
    D was severely attacked by dramatists
    60 What is the text mainly about
    A Arthur Miller and his family
    B The awards Arthur Miller won
    C The hardship Arthur Miller experienced
    D Arthur Miller and his bestknown play
    解析:5660BACAD
    语篇解读文讲述阿瑟密勒生历代表作Death of a Salesman容评价
    36 B细节题第段第二句话知米勒父亲已奥利迁美国许样受伟美国梦驱
    37 A细节推断题第二段第句话知米勒写推销员死目美国制度攻击美国商业制度侵犯性坚持金钱社会位作价值显示A 指出 暴露美国商业世界残酷文提in the cruel world of business
    38 C推理判断题文介绍情节中知Willy Loman戏剧中角色角色终制度中屡遭失败杀身亡推断美国制度受害者
    39 A细节推断题第三段知映便赢许奖项获巨成功
    40 D旨意题A没提BC片面
    2(2011·陕西卷)B
    Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the first person to win it twice However few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner
    Born in September 1987 Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars Irene studied in their own school and her mother was one of the teachers She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris
    Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics When World War I began Irene went to help her mother who was using Xray facilities(设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiersIrene continued the work by developing Xray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum Her services were recognised in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French government In 1918 Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute In December 1924 Frederic Joliot joined the Institute and Irene taugh him the techniques required for his work They soon fell in love and were married in 1926 Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later
    Like her mother Irene combined family and career Like her mother Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize along with her husband in 1935 Unfortunately also like her mother she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射) Irene JoliotCurie died from leukemia on March 17 1956
    49.Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military MedalB ABecause she received a degree in mathematics BBecause she contributed to saving the wounded CBecause she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic D Because she worked as a helper to her mother 50.Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliotA AAt the Curie Institute BAt the Cniversity of Paris CAt a military hospital DAt the College of Sevigne
    51.When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot bornA A In 1932 B In 1927 C In 1897 D In 1926
    52. In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her motherC AIrene worked with radioactivity BIrene combined family and career CIrene won the Nobel Prize once DIrene died from leukemia

    3(2011·重庆卷)D
    William Butler Yeats a most famous Irish writer was born in Dublin on June 131865 His childhood lacked the harmony (睦) that was typical of a happy family Later Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered little of childhood but its pain In fact he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his family—both his father and his brother were painters But he finally settled on literature particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry
    Yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s His early theatrical experiments however were not received favorably at the beginning He didn’t lose heart and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama
    Compared with his dramatic works Yeats’s poems attract much admiring notice The subject matter includes love nature history time and aging Though Yeats generally relied on very tradisional forms he brought modern sensibility to them As his literary life progressed his poetry grew finer and richer which led him to worldwide recognition
    He had not enjoyed a major public lift since winning the Nobel Price in 1923 Yet he continued writing almost to the end of his life Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40 he would probably now be valued as a minor poet for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the age of 50 and 75 After Yeats’s death in 1939 W H Auden wrote among others the falling liners
    Earth receive an honoured guest
    William Yeats is laid to rest
    Let the Irish vessel (船) lie
    Emptied of its poetry
    68 Which of the following can describe Yeats’s family
    A It filled Yeats’s childhood with laughter
    B It was shocked by Yeats’s choice
    C It was a typically wealthy family
    D It had an artistic atmosphere
    69 According to thse passage what do we know about Yeats’s life
    A Yeats founded the first Irish theater
    B Yeats stuck to modern forms in his peotry
    C Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s
    D Yeats was not favored by the publie until the 1923 Noble Prize
    70 What kind of feeling is expressed in WHAuden’s lines
    A Envy B Sympathy
    C Emptiness D Admiration
    71 What is the passage mainly about
    A Yeats’s literary achievements
    B Yeats’s historical influence
    C Yeats’s artistic ambition
    D Yeats’s national honor
    答案DCDA
    4(2011·福建卷)D
    Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life she revealed (展现) herself as she did nowhere else
    After the death of her second husbandGreek shipping magnate AristotieOnassis laqueline’s close friend and former White House social Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishingAfter consideration
    Jacqueline accepted itPerhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life She became not less but more interested in readingFor the last 20 years of her life Jacqueline worked as a publisher’s editor first at Vikingthen at Doubleday pursuing(追求)a latelife career longer than her two marriages combinedDuring her time in publishing she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 sucessfully marketed booksAmong the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris ClothesShe also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book The Power of MythThe book went on to become an international bestsellerShe dealt toowith Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(
    传)Moonwalk
    Jaequelinered for her name and for her social relationsbut she soon proved
    Her worthHer shoicassuggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing Since and to Jacqueline herselfIn the books she selected for publicationshe built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mindHer books are the autobiofraphy she never wroteHer role as First ladyin the endwas overshadowed by her performance as an editorHoweverfew knew that she had achteved so much
    68We can learn from the passage that Jecqueline
    Abecause fond of reading after working as an editor
    Bwas in charge of publishing 100 books
    Cpromoted lier books through social relations
    Dgained a lot from her career as an editor
    69The underlined sentence in the last paragph probably means this
    AJscqueline’s ended up as an editor rather than as First Lady
    B Jscqueline’s life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editor
    C Jscqueline was more successful as an editor than as First Lady
    D Jscqueline’s role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor
    70What can be inferred from the passage
    A Jscqueline’s two marriages lasted more than 20 years
    B Jscqueline’s own publishing firm was set up eventually
    C Jscqueline’s views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited
    D Jscqueline’s achievements were widely known
    71The passage is mainly
    Aan introduction of jacqueline’s life both as Fist Lady and as editor
    Ba brief description of jacqueline’s lifelong experiences
    Ca brief account of jacqueline’s career as an editor in her last 20 years
    Dan analysis of Jscqueline’s social relations in publishing
    答案DCCC


    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编社会生活类
    1(2011·天津卷)D
    Blind imitation (模仿)is selfdestructionTo those who do not recognize their unique worth Imitation appears attractive to those who know their strenghth Imitation is unacceptable
    In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful When I first learned to cook I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes But soon I grew bored Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle they help you get going but once you find your own balance you fly faster and farther without relying on them
    In daily life imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (意识) hold poor role models If as a child you observed people whose lives were bad you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did If you do not make strong choices for yourself you will get the results of the weak choices of others
    In the field of entertainment our culture glorifies celebrities Those stars look great on screen But when they step off screen their personal lives may be disastrous If you are going to follow someone focus on their talent not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors
    Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing uniqueThink of the moviesbooksteachersand friends that have affected you most deeplyThey touched you because their creations were motivated by inspirationnot desperationThe world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore thembut by those who do what has been done inside themCreative people have an endless resource of ideasThe problem a creator faces is not running out of materialit is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination
    Syudy your role modelsaccept the gifts they have givenand leave behind what does not serverThen you can sayI stand on the shoulders of my ancestorstragedies and tory and know that they are cheering on
    51Imitation proves useful when you
    Aknow you are unique
    Blose the bslance of life
    Cbegin to learn something new
    Dget tired of routine practice
    52 To avoid the bad result of imitation we should________
    A forget daily fear and pain
    B choose the right example
    C ask others for decisions
    D stay away from stars
    53Acording to the author The world moves on because of those who are
    A desperate to intruence others with their knowledge
    B ready to turn their original ideas into reality
    C eager to discover what their ancestors did
    D willing to accept others’ideas
    54The trouble a creator faces is
    A the lack of strong motivation
    B the absence of practical ideas
    C how to search for more materials
    D how to use imagination creatively
    55 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
    A To highlight the importance of creatively
    B To criticize the characters of role models
    C To compare imitation with creation
    D To explain the meaning of success
    CBBDA
    2(2011·天津卷)C
    An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond The concept is simple help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome
    In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起)the If All of Seattle Read the Same Book project in 1998 Her original program used author visitsstudy guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book but the idea has since expanded to many other American
    cities and even to Hong kong
    In Chicago the mayor(市长)appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the One Book One Chicago program As a result reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city Across the US stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character
    The only problem arose in New York where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population This may show that the idea works best in mediumsized cities or large townswhere a greater sense of unity(致)can be achieved Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point putting all their energy
    And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself
    Ultinatel was Nancy points outthe level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a bookbut by how many people are enriched by the processor have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word
    46What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy
    ATo invite authors to guide readers
    BTo encourage people to read and share
    CTo involve people in communnity service
    DTo promote the friendship between cities
    47Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict
    AThey had little interest in reading
    BThey were too busy to read a book
    CThey came from many different backgrounds
    DThey lacked support from the locat government
    48According to the passagewhere would the project be more easily carried out
    AIn large communities with little sense of unity
    BIn large cities where libraries are far from home
    CIn mediumsized cities with a diverse population
    DIn large towns where agreement can be quickly reached
    49The underlined wordsshared a wordin Paragraph 5 probably mean
    Aexchanged ideas with each other
    Bdiscussed the meaning of a word
    Cgamed life experience
    Dused the same language
    50According to Nacythe degree of students of the project is judged by

    A the careful selection of a proper book
    B the growing popularity of the writers
    Cthe number of people who benefit from reading
    Dthe number of books that each person reads
    BCDAC
    3(2011·重庆卷)E
    Skeptics are a stange lot Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment and they are tired of people who disagree with them Those people say skeptics spread nothing but bad news about the environment The ecoguilt brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews
    Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity That book The Skeptical Environmentalist declares that it measures the real state of the world as fine Of course another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special intererts Indeed Mr Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some Industryfunded organizations which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming
    So it was strange to see Mr Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise even with the conclusion that After Lomborg the environmental movement will begin to die down
    Such onesided views should have immediately been challenged But only a different review appeared in Nature a respected science magazine with specific readership The review remarked that Mr Lomborg’s preference for unexamined materials is incredible
    (信)
    A critical (批判) eye is valuable and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions Unfortunately that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests People might become halfblind before a world partially exhibited by the media That’s a shame because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly
    72 According to the passage which of the following may be regarded as skeptics
    A People who agree on the popularity of ecoguilt
    B People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet
    C People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities
    D People who spread comforting news to protect our environment
    73 Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s books
    A Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests
    B The book challenges views about the fine state of the wirld
    C The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews
    D Industry–funded media present confusing information
    74 The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_____
    A voice a different opinion
    B find fault with Lomborg’s book
    C challenge the authority of the media
    D point out the value of scientific views
    75 What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage
    A To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye
    B To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews
    C To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information
    D To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media
    BAAD
    4(2011·安徽卷)B
    Think about the different ways that people use the wind You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources(源) as well as one of the oldest Evidence shows that windmills(风车)began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s when armies returned from the
    Middle East with knowledge of using wind power
    For many centuries people used windmills to grind(磨碎)wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity This allowed them to have electric lights and radio However by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States windmills were rarely used
    During the 1970s people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever Then wind was rediscovered though it means higher costs Today there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind
    文章意文介绍风风运情况源短缺天作洁净丰富风定会生活作出极贡献
    60 From the text we know that windmills
    A were invented by European armies
    B have a history of more than 2800 years
    C used to supply power to radio in remote areas
    D have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
    解析选C细节理解题根第二段句子知十九世纪末电偏僻区利风车发电电灯收音机选择C项根windmills began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC知A项错误B项错more than根末段句子知成较高然风提供电力D项错误
    61 What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century
    A Sailing a boat
    B Producing electricity
    C Grinding wheat into flour
    D Pumping water from underground
    解析选B细节理解题根第二段句子知初利风车磨面抽水十九世纪末电发电选择B项
    62 One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that
    A wind power is cleaner
    B it is one of the oldest power sources
    C it was cheaper to create energy from wind
    D the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
    解析选A推理判断题根段知二十世纪七十年代注重环保认识煤气短缺风特点洁净丰富历史悠久成较高综合选择A项佳
    63 What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows
    A The advantage of wind power
    B The design of wind power plants
    C The worldwide movement to save energy
    D The global trend towards producing power from wind
    解析选D推理判断题根末段句子Today there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind知接作者应该谈利风发电情况选择D项
    5(2011·山东卷)C
    Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21yearold twin sons a combination of savings income scholarships and a modest amount of borrowing Then her husband lost his job and the plan fell apart
    I have two kids in college and I want to say come home’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education says Jacobs
    The Jacobs family did work out a solution They asked and received more aid from the schools and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program They will each graduate with 20000 of debt but at least they will be able to finish school
    With unemployment rising financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs More students are applying for aid and more families expect to need student loans College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around
    At the same time tuition(学费)continues to rise A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439 from 1982 to 2007 while average family income rose just 147 Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade
    If we go on this way for another 25years we won’t have an affordable system of higher education says Patrick M Callan president of the center The middle class families have been financing it through debt They will send kids to college whatever it takes even if that means a huge amount of debt
    Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them The good news however is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted

    67 How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem
    A They asked their kids to come home
    B They borrowed 20000 from the school
    C They encouraged their twin sons to do parttime jobs
    D They got help from the school and the federal government
    68 Financial aid administrators believe that _______
    A more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses
    B the government will receive more letters of complaint
    C college tuition fees will double soon
    D America’s unemployment will fall
    69What can we learn about the middle class families from the text
    A They blamed the government for the tuition increase
    B Their income remained steady in the last decade
    C They will try their best to send kids to college
    D Their debts will be paid off within 25 years
    70According to the last paragraph the government will
    A provide most students will scholarships
    B dismiss some financial aid administrators
    C stop the companies from making student loans
    D go on providing financial support for college students
    解析:6670BDACD
    语篇解读文介绍年学生贷款增家庭带压力学学费断增加社会问题提出政府做出回应
    66B. 推理判断题第段提Diana Jacobs家庭行计划支付两双胞胎子学费丈夫失业计划瓦解
    67D.推理判断题第三段指出解决方案solution 学校索求更援助子增加贷款额度原文They asked and received more aid from the schools and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program选项B
    68 A细节推断题第四段expect to hear more families like the Jacobs知 财政援助理员预期会更Jacobs家情况义转换选项ABD原文没提C 第五段Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade知10年里已长倍错
    69 C推理判断题第六段句话They will send kids to college whatever it takes even if that means a huge amount of debt知需什会送孩子学意味着笔债务
    70 D细节推断题段知许公司做出决定说学生贷款利润股沟做贷款消息联邦政府承担着四分三学生贷款推断D政府继续承担学生资金援助
    6(2011·江西卷)C
    The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (18501928) After immigrating form England to the USA and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer he moved to Chicago where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871 In those days it was nicknamed the Garden City almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns Returning to
    London Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s drawing on ideas that were popular at the time but creating a unique combination of designs
    The nineteenthcentury poor city was in many ways a terrible place dirty and crowded but it offered economic and social opportunities At the same time the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive though it promised fresh air and nature it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages nor much social life Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement the garden city Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price
    Garden cities would provide a central public open space radial avenues and connecting industries They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt also owned by the company containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions As more and more people moved in the garden city would reach its planned limitHoward suggested 32000 people then another would be started a short distance away Thus over time there would develop a vast planned house collection extending almost without limit within it each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city
    66 How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities
    A Through his observation of the country life
    B Through the combination of different ideas
    C By taking other people’s advice
    D By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago
    67 The underlined phrasedrawing on in Paragraph 1 probably means______
    A making use of B making comments on
    C giving an explanation of D giving a description of
    68 According to Howard garden cities should be built______
    A as far as possible from existing cities
    B in the countryside where the land was cheap
    C in the countryside where agriculture was developed
    D near cities where employment opportunities already existed
    69 What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph
    A Their number would continue to rise
    B Each one would continue to become larger
    C People would live and work in the same place
    D Each one would contain a certain type of business
    70 What could be the best title for the passage
    A City and Countryside B The Invention of the Garden City
    CA New City in Chicago D A Famous Garden City in England
    66题:
    答案:D
    考点:细节理解题
    解析:通文章第段第三句出:芝加哥花园城市成Howard 命名源选项选择D 选项ABC未体现
     
    67题
    答案:A
    考点:词义理解题
    解析:通文章第段叙述知Howard达芝加哥创建花园城市灵感回伦敦运时流行观点种设计进行结合形成独特设计选项选择A
     
    68题
    答案:B
    考点:细节理解题
    解析:根文章第二段句话知:远离现城市带保证土低价位买解题关键:to make sure 表示目重点面Bottom price 指低价格应文章选项土便宜答案选择B 选项ACD 建造花园城市关键求
     
    69题
    答案:A
    考点:细节理解题
    解析:根文章第三句知:越越搬入花园城市花园城市会达预期极限然远方会建造外花园城市答案选择A 
    选项B 花园城市会直扩定程度会达极限花园城市会建造起该选项错误
    选项C 花园城市建造起会点生活班该选项错误
    选项D 花园城市带农业工业企业带种特定济段第二句出该选项错误
    70题
    答案:B
    考点:旨意题
    解析:文章通篇知文章讲芝加哥花园城市建立伦敦花园城市建立文章二段三段讲花园城市建立需条件建立模式知道文章重点围绕花园城市创立展开A选项文章身符合C选项芝加哥新城文章开头引入面通篇围绕花园城市展开文章身符合D选项英格兰花园城市花园城市典型代表选项没进行通篇描述花园城市转入花园城市总体建立条件模式展开答案选择B
    7 (2011·广东卷)A
    In the animal kingdom weakness can bring about aggression in other animals This sometimes happens with humans also But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people I see it every day when people hold doors for me pour cream into my cofffee or help me to put on my coat And I have discovered that it makes them happy
    From my wheelchair experience I see the best in peoplebut sometimes I was sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily They don’t get to see this soft side of others Often we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness which includes a lot of pretending But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them
    Last month when I was driving home on a busy highway I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual
    People behind me began to get impatient and angry with some speeding up alongside me horning(喇叭)or even shouting at me At that moment I decided to do something I had never done in twentyfour of driving I put on the flashlights and drove on at a really low speed
    No more angry shouts and no more horns
    When I put on my flashlights I was saying to the other drivers I have a problem here I am weak and doing the best I can And everyone understood Several times I saw drivers who wanted to pass They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic But instead of getting impatient and angry they waited knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak
    Sometimes weakness call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t that those far between More often it would be better if we don’t pretend to feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we’re scared
    26 The author has discovered that people will feel happy when_______
    A they offer their help
    B they receive others’ help
    Cthey feel others’ kindness
    D they show their weakness
    27 The author feels sad sometimes because ______
    A he has a soft heart
    B he relies much on others
    C some people pretend to be kind
    D some people fail to see the kindness in others
    28 What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights
    A They speed up to pass
    B They waited with patience
    C They tried their best to help
    D They put on their flashlights too
    29 In this passage the author advises us to ______
    A handle problems by ourselves
    B accept help from others
    C admit our weakness
    D show our bravery
    30 Which of the following is the best title for the passage
    A A Wheelchair Experience
    B Weakness and Kindness
    C Weakness and Strength
    D A Driving Experience
    文章意文篇议文动物王国弱势会带侵略类社会时作者认弱势显现出善良带更帮助双方感幸福作者历阐述弱势善良关系
    26A考查细节理解根I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people知弱势显现善良进许帮助I have discovered that it makes them happy知:帮助感幸福选A
    27D考查细节理解根sometimes I was sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily They don’t get to see this soft side of others知选D
    28B考查细节理解根文中When I put on my flashlightsBut instead of getting impatient and angry they waited knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak知选B
    29C考查旨义根文章第段知But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people文章中心句全文作者亲身历阐述:时承认弱势带处承认弱势改善间关系更帮助性善良
    30C考查文章标题文章作者第段提出点my weakness brings out the kindness in people 文章通篇历阐述弱势善良关系
    8(2011·浙江卷)C
    In the more and more competitive service industry it is no longer enough to promise customrr satisfaction Today customer delighi is what companies are trying to achieve in or order to keep and increase market share
    It is accepted in the marketing industry and confirmed by a number of researches that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal
    New llenges for customer care have come when peoplecan obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Intemet For example many companies now have to invest(投资)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the phone rage—caused by delays in answering calls being cut off in midconversation or left waiting for long periods
    Many people do not like talking to machines says Dr Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketng at City University Business School Banks for example encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them The aim is to make the customet feel they know you and that you can trest— the sort of comfortable feelings people have during facetoface chats with their local branch manager
    Recommended ways of creating customer delight include underpromising and overdelivering (saying that a repair will be camed out within five hours but getting it done within two )replacing a faulty product immediately throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼卷)as an unexpected thank you to regntlar customers and always returning calls even when they are complaints
    Aiming for customer delight is all very well but if services do not reach the high level promised disappointment or worse will be the result This can be eased by offering an aplogy and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for exampleI know how you must feel) and possible solutions (replacement compensation or whatever faimess suggests best meets the case)
    Airlines face some of the tourhest challenges over customer care Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather unclaimed luggage and technieal problems
    For British Airways staff a winning telephone style is considercd vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times They are trained to answer quickly with their name job title and a we are here to help attitude The company has investod heavily in information technology to make sure that infomation is available instantly on scren
    British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are

    taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service
    Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as we do as we please On the other hand the more customers are promised the greater the risk of disappointment
    50 We can learn from Paragraph 2 that
    A complaining customers are hard to satisfy
    B unsatisfied customers receive better service
    C Satisfied customers catch more attention
    D welltreated customers promote business
    51 The writer mentions phone rage(Paragraph 3) to show that
    A customers often use phones to express their anger
    B people still prefer to buy goods online
    C customer care becomes more attention
    D customers rely on their phones to obtain services
    52 What does the writer recommend to create delight
    A Calling customers regularly B Giving a thank you note
    C Delivering a quicker service D Promising more gifts
    53 If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph6) what would he probably say
    AI know how upset you must be BI appreciate your understanding
    C I’m sorry for the delay DI know it’s our fault
    54 Customer delight is important for airlines because
    A their telephone style remains anchanged
    B they are more likely to meet with complaints
    C the services cost them a lot of money
    D the policies can be applied to their staff
    55 Which of the following is conveyed in this article
    A Facetoface service creatcs comfortable feelings among customers
    B Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers
    C A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market
    D Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks
    答案DCCABC
    9(2011·全国II)A
    Since 1984 Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act One by one graffiticovered walls are being changed into outdoor art So far more than 1800 murals(壁画)have been paintedPhiladelphia now has more murals than any other American city
    The walls that were once ugly with graffiti(涂鸦)are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP) Its work makes schools and public places attractive and its citizens very proud The program began as part of Philadelphia's AntiGraffiti Network Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director When people ask me what ow program is about she says I answer them with one word hope Each year the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops Some onetime graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals
    The MAP's work says Golden is all about developing a sense of community(社区).When a neighborhood requests a mural the MAP works with the people there to develop a message Some messages have been Safe Streets Love and Care and Peace Walk
    The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week Last year the workers painted 140 murals
    The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary pleasant moment in neighborhood history says Golden who began as a muralist in Los Angeles
    41 .What can be the best title for the text
    A Love from Graffiti Writers to Muralists
    B MAP a New Company in Philadelphia
    C Jane an Excellent Mural Artist
    D Hope One Wall at a Time
    42 What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at
    A Helping the young find jobs
    B Protecting the neighborhood
    C Fighting against graffiti
    D Attracting more visitors
    43.How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural
    A By having discussions with people in the community
    B .By seeking advice from the city government
    C .By learning from the young graffiti writers
    D By studying the history of the city
    44 Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP
    A Difficult B.Dangerous C Experimental.D Successful
    答案DCAD
    10(2011·四川卷)E
    In business there’s a speed difference It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves The difference is important regardless of industry and company size Companies fearful or losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed
    In our study of 343 businesses the companies that chose to go go go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track What’s more the firms that slowed down to speed up improved their top and bottom lines averaging 40 higher sales and 52 higher operating incomes over a threeyears period
    How did they disobey the laws of business physics taking more time than competitors yet performing better They thought differently about what slower and faster mean Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ) Simply increasing the speed of production for example may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference But that often leads to reduced value over time in the form of lowerquality products and services
    In our study high performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary They became more open to idea and discussion They encouraged new ways of thinking And they allowed time to look and learn By contrast (相言) Performance suffered at firms that moved falt all the among thei
    r employer and had little time thinking about changes
    Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership Teams that regularly take time to get things right rather than plough ahead full bore are more successful in meeting their business goals That kind of strategy must come from the top
    57 What does the underlined part gain an edge in Paragraph 2 mean
    A Increase the speed B Get an advantage
    C Reach the limit D Set a goal
    58 The underlined part the laws of business physics in Paragraph 3 means ___________
    A spending more time and performing worse
    B spending more time and performing better
    C spending less time and performing worse
    D spending less time and performing better
    59 What can we learn from the text
    A how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is
    B how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces
    C Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes
    D Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit
    60 Where could be the last title for the text
    A Improve quality Serve better
    B Deliver value Plough ahead
    C Reduce time Move faster
    D Need speed Slow down
    答案BDCD
    11(2011·辽宁卷)D

    67 The word address in the first line probably means
    A talk about B deal with C fight for D write to
    68 How many people are homeless in the US according to the Coalition studies
    A 39 of the population B 200 million people
    C About 3 million people D About onefifth of the population
    69 Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because________
    A they have no home addresses
    B they mostly have a drinking problem
    C they aren't supported by government programs
    D they often don't have enough work experience
    70 What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the US
    A The passing of new housing laws
    B The fast growth of family size
    C The slow construction of houses
    D The everrising price of housing
    答案BCAD
    12(2011·福建卷)A
    Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected When alcohol is consumed it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant (抑制药)damaging eyesight judgment and coordination (协调)slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents Even below the drink driving link driving well be affected
    Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee
    The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is
    ● 50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood or
    ● 22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath or
    ● 67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of urine(尿液)
    Drivers who cause traffic accidents or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested
    Any drive found drinking beyond the limit will be chargedThe driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK﹩25000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points or temporarily banned from driving
    The same punishment applices to failing to provide speciments(样) far breath blood or urine tests without good excuse
    Drink driving is a criminal offebceBe a responsibledriverthink before you drink For the safety of yourself and other road users never drive after consuming alcohol
    56The first paragraph is mainly about_____________
    A the introductions of driving skills B the dangaga of drinking to your body
    C the effect of drinking on driving D the process of alcohol being absorbed
    57The underlined word it in the second paragraph refers to ________
    A alcohol B absorption C blood D process
    58 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
    A Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving
    B Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice
    C Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body
    D50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink limit
    59A drive suspeced of drink driving_________
    AShould provide specimens for testing
    Bbe forbidden to drive for 3years
    CWill be punished for 10 drivingoffence points
    DShould pay a maximum fine of HK$25000
    答案CDBA

    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编文化教育类
    1(2011·北京卷)C
    Students and Technology in the Classroom
    I love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me I also love my laptop computer as it holds all of my writing and thoughts Despite this love of technology I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备) and truly communicat with others
    On occasion I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom I have a rule —no laptop iPads phones etc When students were told my rule in advance of the class some of them were not happy
    Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology There’s a bit of truth to that Some students assume that I am antitechnology There’s no truth in that at all I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students
    The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion
    I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom
    I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class but until I hear a really good reason for the change I’m sticking to my plan A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up

    63Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____
    A the course material B others’ misuse of technology
    C discussion topics D the author’s class regulations
    64The underlined word engage in para4 probably means ____
    A explore B accept C change D reject
    65According to the author the use of technology in the classroom may ____
    A keep students from doing independent thinking
    B encourage students to have indepth conversations
    C help students to better understand complex themes
    D affect students’ concentration on course evaluation
    66It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____
    A is quite stubborn
    B will give up teaching history
    C will change his teaching plan soon
    D values technologyfree dialogues in his class
    DAAD
    2(2011·安徽卷)E
    George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it He makes his case in a new book Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)
    We’ve become so accustomed to noise there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial If you tell someone to be quiet you sound like an old man But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet Silence focuses us improves our health and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction
    We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little During a Japanese tea ceremony the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl the edges of a kimono(服)brushing against the floor
    Deaf people are very attentive(专注)in almost every aspect of life If two deaf people are walking together using sign language they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings Even deaf teenagers We in the hearing world can learn from them If we remove the powerful blasts(阵阵)of noise we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声) It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen
    文章意文章介绍George Prochnik新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise
    观点:喧嚣世界中创造方太纷扰环境世界会更美
    72 What does the phrase to put a sock in it in Paragraph 1 probably mean
    A to be quiet B to be colorful
    C to be full of love D to be attentive to someone
    解析选A词义理解题根第二段作者观点Silence focuses us improves our health and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction知作者推崇silence 选A项
    73 What does Prochnik say about us
    A We are used to quietness
    B We have to put up with noise
    C We do not think silence to be beneficial
    D We do not believe lasting peace to be available
    解析选C推理判断题根第二段We’ve become so accustomed to noise there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficialit’s never been more important to find continuing quiet第三段During a Japanese tea ceremony the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句判断出生活喧闹世界寂静追求选择C项
    74 Which of the following is true according to Prochnik
    A We need more sounds in our lives
    B There is nothing to be learned from the deaf
    C We are not aware how rich the world around us is
    D There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony
    解析选C推理判断题根文章末段If we remove the powerful blasts(阵阵)of noise we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen知C项正确A项作者观点相反根We in the hearing world can learn from them (deaf people)知B项错误根During a Japanese tea ceremony the smallest sounds become a kind of art知作者赞赏the smallest soundsD项错误
    75 It can be inferred from the text that
    A we can benefit a lot from old people
    B it is a good idea to use sign language
    C there is no escape from the world of sound
    D it is possible to find how beautiful things sound
    解析选D推理判断题通读全文知生活喧闹世界作者提倡创造太纷扰环境果真世界美D项正确
    3(2011·山东卷)B
    Tim Richter and his wife Linda had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo New Yorkhe in computers she in special education Teaching means everything to us Tim would say In April1998 he learned he would need a heart operation It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose
    Not long after the surgery Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier Tennessee I thought maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire Tim recalls He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder
    Five years later now retired and with that brochure still on the desk Tim clicked on imagination library com The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts
    The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters Rather than sign up online they went to Dollywood for a looksee We didn’t want to give the children rubbish says Linda The booksreviewed each year by teachers literacy specialists and Dollywood board membersincluded classics such as Ezra Jack Keats’s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney’s Llama Llama series
    Satisfied the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work Since 2004 they have shipped more than 12200 books to preschoolers in their in their area Megan Williams a mother of four is more than appreciative This program introduces us to books I’ve never heard of
    The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children Some people sit there and wait to die says Tim Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left


    62What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library
    A Give out brochures B Do something similar
    C Write books for children D Retire from being a teacher
    63According to the text Dollly Parton is
    A a wellknown surgeon B a mother of a fouryearold
    C a singer born in Tennessee D a computer programmer
    64Why did the Richters go to Dollywood
    A To avoid signing up online
    B To meet Dollywood board members
    C To make sure the books were the newest
    D To see if the books were of good quality
    65What can we learn from Tim’s words in the last paragraph
    A He needs more money to help the children
    B He wonders why some people are so busy
    C He tries to save those waiting to die
    D He considers his efforts worthwhile

    解析:6165ABCDD
    语篇解读文讲述里克特作教师家退休做出捐献书童决定建立基金会事情认生更意义
    41 A细节理解题第段两句话知Tim 病导致思考生命意义
    42 B细节理解题第二段Tim说话中I could do something like this when we retire知道算退休做类似事B选项
    43 C细节理解题第二段第句话出Dollly Parton singer
    44 D细节理解题第四段前两句话中出We didn’t want to give the children rubbish 喻指想质量东西段首句题句中出the Richters 关心书质量
    45 D段Tim话 坐等死亡余生忙碌着 知认做出事情值意义
    4(2011·海卷)(A)
    The teacher who did the most to encourage me was as it happened my aunt She was Myrtle C Manigault the wife of my mother’s brother Bill She taught in second grade at allblack Summer School in Camden New Jersey
    During my childhood and youth Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females I liked to sing she listened to my voice and pronounced it good I couldn’t dance she taught me the basic dancing steps She took me to the theatre ____ not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed
    My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me I had books at home but they were all serious classics Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her
    Most important perhaps Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication A writer herself for one of the black newspapers she suggested my name to the editor as a youth columnist My column begun when I was fourteen was supposed to cover teenage social activitiesand it didbut it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material the discipline of meeting deadlines and after graduation from college six years later a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs
    Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her favorite niece Like a diamond she has reflected a bright multifaceted(面) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path
    65 Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth
    A She lent her some serious classics B She cultivated her taste for music
    C She discovered her talent for dancing D She introduced her to adult plays
    66 What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
    A A book of great fun B A writer of high fame
    C A serious masterpiece D A heartbreaking play
    67 Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ____
    A develop her capabilities for writing B give her a chance to collect material
    C involve her in teenage social activities D offer her a series of writing jobs
    68 We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _____
    A trained pupils to be diligent and welldisciplined
    B gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential
    C emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils
    D helped pupils overcome difficulties in learning
    答案DAAB
    5(2011·全国II)D
    The way we do things round here
    Some years ago I was hired by an American bank I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started Dear John I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us That quite saddened me I thought he was saying we're kind of pleased you decided to join
    us although I wish we had hired someone else Then I discovered that in American English quitesometimes means very while in British English it means fairly
    So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't
    just mean the words people speak It is body language dress manners ideas and so on The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures(文化).
    Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with Mostly it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them like the climate(气候)while getting on with business
    Some of the differences may be an improvement People are more polite the service is better you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again However other differences can be troubling like punctuality(准时).If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock
    your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany five minutes early in the
    American Midwest an hour early in Japan 15 minutes afterwards in the UK up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece I prefer not to use the word late because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country
    52 The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______.
    A the American bank didn't think much of him
    B the American bank might hire another person
    C it's difficult to get used to American culture
    D it's easy to misunderstand Americans
    53.The word highlights in Paragraph 2 probably means_____
    A encourages B helps to narrow
    C increases D draws attention to
    54 According to the author what should we do with most cultural differences
    A Ask the native people for help
    B Understand and accept them
    C Do things in our own way
    D Do indepth research
    55 When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______
    A Italians B Germans C Greeks D the British
    答案ADBB
    6(2011·四川卷)D
    Experience may possibly be the best teacher but it is not a particular good teacher You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words but they actually come from James March a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making For years March ( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience
    He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning Experience is respectedexperience is soughtexperience is explainedThe problem is that learning from experience involves(涉) serious complications(复杂化)ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book
    In one interesting part of bookfor examplehe turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning He saysThe more accurately(精确)reality is presentedthe less understandable the storyand the more understandable the story the less realistic it is
    Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher March is also a poet and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses Though the book is short it is demandingDon’t pick it up looking for quick easy lessons Rather be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life
    53 According to the text James March is ____________
    A a poet who uses experience in his writing
    B a teacher who teachers story writing in university
    C a researcher who studies the way humans think and act
    D a professor who helps organizations makes important decisions
    54 According to James March experience ______________
    A is overvalued B is easy to explain
    C should be actively sought
    55 What can we learn from Paragraph 3
    A Experience makes stories more accurate
    B Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth
    C The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning
    D Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described
    56 What’s the purpose of this text
    A To introduce a book B To describe a researcher
    C To explain experiential learning D To discuss organizational decision making
    答案CABA
    7(2011·辽宁卷)B

    59 What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool
    A They have to take long bus rides to school
    B They study at home rather than in classrooms
    C They receive money from traditional public schools
    D They do well in traditional school programs
    60 What is a problem with cyberschoois
    A Their equipment costs a lot of money
    B They get little support from the state government
    C It is hard to know students' progress in learning
    D The students find it hard to make friends
    61 Cyberschools are getting popular became
    A they are less expensive for students
    B their students can work at their own speed
    C their graduates are more successful in society
    D they serve students in a wider age range
    62 We can infer that the author of the text is
    A unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools
    B excited about the future of cyberschools
    C doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois
    D disappointed at the development of cyberschools
    答案BCBA
    8(2011·福建卷)B
    For five daysEdmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves Since is beginning in 1980the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating(念)the ture feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness(友爱)that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song
    This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation Riedel said It's really east to relax and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes People who take pleasure in Blues are there so are people who love Bluegrass This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests
    With so many years of expenence the festival has become a welloiled machine and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as possible There are free water stations throughout the venue(举办)for people to fill up their travel cups When people buy food reusable ashes are given a 2 plate fee but that is returned when the plate is brought back
    The festival has completely sold out of tickets and in record time But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan it’s easy to see how that was going to happen There is no parking area during the festival so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended A bike lockup area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close
    The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday Aug4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金)concert and will finish up on Sunday Aug8
    60 The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ___________
    A gather people with different musical tastes
    B remind people of the real sense of folk music
    C exhibitive good voices of great talents in folk music
    D collect old stories of folk music
    61 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
    A Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5years
    B It’s hard for people to appreciate Blues
    C It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations
    D People have to pay ﹩2 for a plate of food
    62 We can learn from the passenger that____
    A people can get tickets easily for the festival
    B the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is highly recommended
    C driving one’s own car to the festival is highly recommended
    D bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday
    63 What would the best title for the passenger
    A Folk Music of Blues
    B One Festival Family Gathering
    C Festival for family Gathering
    D Edmonton’s Downtown Park
    答案6063BABB

    2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编新闻报道类
    1(2011·山东卷)D
    Since the 1970s scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines
    Recently two researchers Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne Switzerland demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts
    In the laboratory Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts
    our brain has billions of nerve ceils These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles Tavella says Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices[高&考资(源#网KS5UCOM]
    The researchers designed a special cap for the user This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path They help the computer react to commands from the brain
    Prof Milan the team leader says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories communication and controlling devices One example is this wheelchair
    He says his team has set two goals One is testing with real patients so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time
    A help to update computer systems B link the human brain with computers
    C help the disabled to recover D control a person's thoughts
    72 How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory
    A By controlling his muscles B By talking to the machine
    C By moving his hand D By using his mind
    73 Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5
    A scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
    B computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
    C scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
    D cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
    74 The team will test with real patients to
    A make profits from them B prove the technology useful to them
    C make them live longer D learn about their physical condition
    75 Which of the following would be the best title for the text
    A Switzerland the BCI Research Center
    B New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
    C BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
    D Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
    解析:7175BDCBC
    语篇解读文新闻报道介绍Braincomputer interface(BCI)技术发明原理残疾带益处
    71 B细节理解题第段第句话知
    72D.细节理解题见第二段Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band
    73C细节理解题见第五段描述
    74B.细节推断题见段to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from证明中获处
    75C旨意题文新闻文体关注首段中心首段第二句话Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines推断选C
    2(2011·湖北卷)C
    In today’s throw away society dealing with the city’s growing mountain of waste is an inereasing challenge for the city countil(市议会)
    Recently Edinburgh is faced with the problem of dssposing of(处理)about250000
    Million tons of waster a year Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely through encouraging tecyclingits aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it
    The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy regulating how such mountains of waster are to hr disposed of The five councils (Edinburgh East Lothian West Lothian Midlethian and Borders) face fine around 18million a year from 2013 it they don’t inerease recycling levels and rely less on landfill With this in mind the coumlls got together with the idea of building a lage incinerator plant (
    垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts But the plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25 of the city’s waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025
    After the plan was abandoned a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city’s wast by train to a landfill site near Dunbar offered an alternative soution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello
    Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015 it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas
    That still leaves eth council with a problem By 2013only50of 1995 levels of waste will benllewed to be sent to landfill Even if recveling large are met there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up Due build an Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an ineinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out
    59 The main way of handling waste in a green manmer in Edinburgh is
    A recyeling B restoring C burying D burning
    60 The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to
    A reduce the roast of burying waste
    B meets the EU requirements
    C speed up waste recycling
    D tempter landfill sites
    61 The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because
    A a name from a private company
    B the comelier was not interested in it
    C it was not supports by EU
    D the local poodle was waist it
    62 What is the final dream an Edinburgh and Midlothian Country
    A To open a new landfill nearby
    B To close the powder hall landfill in 2015
    C To set up a plan for burning waste
    D To persuade people to deduce their waste
    答案ABDC
    3(2011·广东卷)D
    In a world with limited land water and other natural resources(资源) the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise Actually the past decade has seen more and more forests disppearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm People now realize that this unheathy situation must be changed and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(持续)ways That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products In other words we should keep the healthy while using its supply of natural resources
    Today sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries According to a recent study the global market for lowcarbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade China for example has set its mind on leading that market hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution It is now trying hard to made full use of wind and solar energy and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and highspeed trains In addition we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油) which is produced without cutting down valuabe rainforest In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50
    Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets First they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy Besides stronger arrangement of public resouces like forests can also help to speed up the development Finally governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction and redirecting some of those expenses can accerlarate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one
    The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet That is no small task but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries
    41 The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that____
    Ait makes the world warmer
    B it consumes natural resouces
    C it brings severe damage to future
    D it makes growth hard to continue
    42 What can we infer from Paragraph2
    A China lacks wind and solar energy
    B China is the leader of the lowcarbon market
    C Highspeed trains are a lowcarbon development
    D Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests
    43 To fully develop the lowcarbon markets governments can______
    A cut public expenses
    B forbid carbon emission
    Cdevelop public resousces
    D encourage energy conservation
    44 We can learn from the last paragraph that business have many chances to _______
    A develop sustainable products
    B explore new natural resousces
    C make full use of natural resousces
    D deal with the major challenge
    45 What is the main purpose of the passage
    A To introduce a new business model
    B To compare two business models
    C To predict a change of the global markets
    D To advocate sustainable development
    文章意文篇议文文章阐述传统济发展模式球带许危害种发展模式破坏毁坏森林全球气候变暖等现低碳持续济发展模式成许国家发展流方中国政府正充分发挥潜力开发新低耗低排放新源市场
    41B考查细节理解根第段知:传统济发展模式危害全球气候变暖持续发展未发展造成损失B正确
    42B考查推理判断综合第二段China for example has set its mind on leading that market hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution段意知:中国绿色环保低减排市场成领军国家选B
    43 D考查推理判断根First they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy知选D
    44A考查推理判断根段That is no small task but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries知选A
    45D考查作者写作意图文章传统济发展模式弊端引出持续济发展模式作者通篇阐释持续济发展模式处发展方作者提倡持续发展











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