• 1. Hui-Style Architecture
    • 2. Huizhou, former name of Huangshan City, was situated in the south of Anhui province, it had a little bigger area than today's Huangshan City, including Jixi County, Jingde County of Anhui and Wuyuan County of Jiangxi. Because of it's long history and glorious culture, it had formed its own nice and elegant architecture style, known as Huizhou Architecture. In Huizhou, well-preserved ancient architecture is abundant: folk houses, memorial archways, ancestral temples, steles, pavilions, towers, tombs and so on, from those constructions we can easily find the belief, custom and world view of former people of this area. Introduction
    • 3. PART 1 Folk House PART 2 Memorial Archway PART 3 Ancestral Temple PART 4 Three Cravings
    • 4. Folk House
    • 5. Houses in Huizhou are dominated by white and black. The wall is white washed, the tile roof is black. Local people prefer simple and impressive color rather than florid color to beautify their residences, seek the harmony with surrounding green trees, lush bamboos, clear streams.
    • 6. Civilian hui-style residential housing embrace local physical features of the area, fengshui concepts and aesthetic trends. The beauty of Huizhou architecture lies in its particularity about the surrounding environment. Folk House
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    • 8. The common people’s homes are generally a compound with houses around the courtyard on 3 or 4 sides. Most houses are two storey, and there are few with three storey. Folk House
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    • 10. The outlook of the residences are very simple, the decoration of the inter house also very exquisite. Beams, pillars and purling are all gilded and painted, and art of carving on wood brick and stone is displayed to the full.Folk House
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    • 13. The Features of Hui-Style ArchitectureHorse Head-shaped Walls From the external form of the residential buildings, the "horse head-shaped walls" are higher than the roof of houses which can slightly be seen, with some "horse head-shaped walls" being tall in the middle and low at both ends and some slanted on the top as a herringbone-shaped and downwards at both ends. The grey tile eaves are warping to the blue sky, drawing an outline of the top of walls and the sky, which adds a beauty of structure and rhythm and reflect the harmony between heaven and man.
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    • 16. The wall is higher than its roof, preventing fire from spreading in case a house catch fire, so it's also called fireproofing wall. Another name is horse-head wall because of the shape of the slim protruding part near the eave. Another function of the high wall is to preclude thief from climbing in, addition to the high wall, people tend not to open window on the wall, windows usually are small and high if any. Windows are replaced by Tianjing(Skylight) which can admit daylight and fresh air instead.Horse Head-shaped Walls
    • 17. The Features of Hui-Style ArchitectureSkylight Hui style houses are typically ones with skylights. With a quadrate skylight surrounded by houses from four sides or from left, right and backside, these Hui style houses can reduce the beat of sunshine and enjoy ventilation.
    • 18. All the houses drain off water to the skylight which means fortune will not run off outside, which is called "four sides water returning to the main hall of the houses" by local natives. The Features of Hui-Style ArchitectureSkylight
    • 19. In the old days,there is a long table on the font of living room. The vase is placed on the east, the mirror is on the west, and the clock on the middle.It symbolizes the peace throughtout the whole life.For the sake of coordination, one cylinder is placed on both sides of the clock.East vase and west mirror
    • 20. Memorial Archway
    • 21. A memorial archway represents not only a type of construction, but also the symbol of the highest honor in feudal society. For there are so much memorial archway, Huizhou is named “City of Chinese Memorial Archways”. Memorial Archway San Yuan Fang
    • 22. 1.Brick Memorial Archway for Chaste Women —— The Suffering at the Back of the Honor Brick memorial archway for chaste women was built in 1905 and was located in She county. It is the last memorial archway that is located in Huizhou. These women were widows at young age and were chaste or committed suicide after the death of their husbands.
    • 23. 2.Tangyue Memorial Archway Group ——Honor of One Family
    • 24. 3.Hu Wenguang Memorial Archway ——Honor for Honest and Upright Virtue
    • 25. 4.Xu Guo Stone Memorial Archway ——The Only Eight-foot Memorial Archway
    • 26. Ancestral Temple The Ancestral Temple is the holy hall where ancestors of a clansman are sacrificed. Each village in Huizhou has a large-scale and magnificent ancestral hall, which displays Huizhou people’s profound sense of family. It is compared to a delicate artwork and also a precious cultural relic from which we can see the history and development of a family.
    • 27. In the past, the Ancestral Temple is the gathering place where clansmen discussed their important family issues. Its wide space allowed family members to hold weddings, funerals and other significant ceremonies.
    • 28. Three Carvings
    • 29. Generally speaking, the exterior appearance of Hui-style buildings differs little while their interior can vary a lot based on the wishes of the owners. Home decor is characterized by three types of Hui carving: stone carving, wood carving and brick carving. The average homeowner would expend less effort on decorating the interior rooms than their facades. The windows and gates facing outward would normally require delicate workmanship, and the gatehouse in particular served as an important banner of wealth and social status, so worthy of the most ornate designs.
    • 30. Huizhou Three CarvingsStone CarvingBrick CarvingWood Carving
    • 31. Huizhou Three Carving Those three kind of carvings are known as Huizhou Three Carvings. Rich merchants spent a lot of money decorating their houses with delicate carvings. The three carvings originated in Song Dynasty and reached their peak in Ming and Qing Dynasty. The carvings are mainly used as decorations for civil residences, ancestral temples, arches and handicrafts like furniture, shelters, pencil vases and etc.
    • 32. 1.Brick Carving Brick carving, done in fine gray bricks of varying shapes and sizes, mainly decorated brick frames and eaves above the gates.
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    • 34. 2.Wood Carving Wood carvings were often found on beams, pillars and their above brackets, upturned eaves, railings, doors, windows and such furniture as cupboards and tables.
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    • 39. 3.Stone Carving Stone carvings are used on memorial archways or bridges, house foundations, and stone pillars of ancestral temples, leaking house windows, roof-beam plates and eaves, etc.
    • 40. To take a look at the Hui architecture, Xidi Village in Yixian County is the best place to go. It is a site of typical Hui residences, and one of the “Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui” that have been collectively listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO. Today over 240 well preserved residences from the Ming and Qing dynasties still house some 300 households of more than 1,100 residents. The tourist attractions in the village include Lingyun Pavilion, Cishi Archway (or known as the Memorial Archway of the Governor), Taoli Garden, East Garden and the Hall of Respect. These centuries-old structures have made the village a microcosm of traditional Chinese culture and an open-air museum of Ming- and Qing-style residences.

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