1389国开科理英语4期末考试(第三题阅读选择题)题库(排序版)
说明：更新2021年7月试题根试题首字母音序查找试题答案
[短文]A team of about 35 employees had come together for a team building eventThey were a youngbright and enthusiastic teamHoweverone of their chief problems was the fact that they wouldn＇t share information or solutions with each otherand the team leader thought they were too focused on themselves and not on the teamAs a resultshe brought them all into the cafeteriaAll of the tables and chairs had been stored awayand fun decorations and hundreds of different colored balloons had been placed around the room[部资料]
In the center of the room was a big box of balloons that hadn＇t been blown up yetThe team leader instructed everybody to pick a balloonblow it upand write their name on itbut they had to be careful not to burst the balloon
Although they were given a second chance if their first balloon poppedthey were out of the game the second time roundIn the endabout 30 team members wrote their names without their balloons poppingThey were then asked to leave the room andafter five minutesthe team leader brought them back in and asked them to find the balloon with their name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the roomAfter 15 minutes of searchingno one had found their balloonand the team were told that they were then going to move on to the third round of the activity
In this roundeach team member was instructed to find any balloon with a name on it and then give that balloon to the person whose name was on itWithin two minuteseverybody had their own balloonThe team leader summarized the activity thus：We are much more efficient when we are willing to share with each other and much better at problem solving when we are working togethernot individually
Sometimesmembers of teams create obstacles by focusing solely on their own pursuits and goalsEvery member of the team should ask themselves on a regular basis what they are doing and what they can do for the team
附翻译：
约35名员工团队聚集起进行团队建设活动年轻明亮热情团队然问题会相互分享信息解决方案领队认太专注团队结果带进食堂桌椅收起趣装饰品数百颜色气球
房间中央放着盒没吹气球领队家起气球吹起然面写名字心爆破气球
然果第气球爆第二次机会第二轮赛中退出赛约 30 名队员没爆破气球情况写名字然求离开房间五分钟领队带回房间里数百气球中找面写着名字气球15分钟搜索没找气球团队告诉接进入第三轮活动
轮中队员求找面名字气球然气球交面名字两分钟气球队长总结活动：愿意相互分享时会更效率起工作单独工作时会更解决问题
时团队成员关注追求目标会制造障碍团队中成员应该定期问做什团队做什
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1This team building event was aimed at_________
[答案]making the team members know how to share information or solutions and cooperate
with each other
2This event was held in_________
[答案]a selfservice restaurant
3About how many team members were out of the second round of the activity？
[答案]5
4Which statement below is correct？
[答案]In the third roundeverybody had their own balloon with help from others within 2 minutes
5What was the event going to teach these employees？
[答案]Sharing and cooperating with other team members is more efficient when they are working together
附翻译：
1次团建活动目_________
[答案]团队成员知道享信息解决方案相互合作
2次活动_________举行
[答案]助餐厅
3第二轮活动概少出局？
[答案]5
4列说法正确？
[答案]第三轮2分钟帮助气球
5活动教员工什？
[答案]团队成员起工作时享合作效率更高
[短文]Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage？To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courageDetermined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewardedHere are three ways to do that[部资料]
Put innovation at the heart of strategy and persist it in every messageThink of innovation strategy as a pyramid：big bets at the top a few projects in development in the middle and a broad base of continuous improvements lasting contributions and earlystage new ideas at the bottom
Define jobs around innovationMake it a job prerequisiteConsider 3M’s move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosingNow many hightech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibilityAnd some of those selfselected selforganized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of businessFor 3M it was the Postit note
Recognize innovation in every part of the companyTo build a culture of creativity and innovation Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new conceptsIt shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation
To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaborationWhen people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement they can find the courage to try fail redo and try again
附翻译：
您否注意鼓励词中蕴含勇气？创造种创新蓬勃发展文化需勇气决心创新者总足够勇气建立种极鼓励奖励创新文化三种方法
创新放战略核心条信息中坚持创新战略想象成金字塔：顶部赌注中间正开发项目持续改进持久贡献持续改进广泛基础底层早期新想法
围绕创新定义工作作工作先决条件考虑3M举动成第批告诉专业士15时间选择项目公司现许高科技公司知道果提供种灵活性法获优秀中选组织项目甚会产生轰动时产品业务线3M便利贴
认公司部门创新建立创意创新文化吉列开发创新博览会单位展示前途新概念表明创新文化中发挥作
创意成功创新需量支持协作断沟通鼓励包围时会找尝试失败重做试勇气
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1What is necessary in creating innovation culture？
[答案]courage
2How does 3M create its innovation culture？
[答案]define jobs around innovation
3The word prerequisite in Make it a job prerequisite means_______
[答案]required as a prior condition
4How does Gillette create its innovation culture？
[答案]Recognize innovation in every part of the company
5The formation from idea to innovation needs_______
[答案]support and cooperation
附翻译：
1创造创新文化需什？
[答案]勇气
23M造创新文化？
[答案]围绕创新定义工作
3Make it a jobrequisite 中prerequisite词意思_______
[答案]作先决条件需
4吉列造创新文化？
[答案]认公司部分创新
5理念创新形成需_______
[答案]支持合作
[短文]HOW TO HANDLE A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW[部资料]
Getting a bad performance review can make you feel angryunappreciateddefeatedand hopelessBut it＇s not the end of the worldRemember that the way you respond to this appraisal can make all the difference in the next oneEven if you believe that the review is inaccurate and that your boss is completely wrongyou will benefit by reacting in a matureadult mannerHere are some suggestions：
Stay calmRelaxBreatheDo not overreact and be objectiveEspeciallydo not say things that will likely be regretted laterBesidesthe person giving the performance review may or may not be the one who has written the bad review
WHAT TO DO WHEN RECEIVING A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
It＇s best to listen attentivelyAnd make comments or remarks only when asked for themBesidesduring the performance reviewyou will be given the chance to respond and may disagree
WHAT TO DO AFTER RECEIVING A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
Don＇t be intimidated by the bad performance review and want to quit the jobinsteadlearn from itAlsoif the organization allows their employees to make a written statement on their own behalfdo make oneIt is important for the worker to show why she does not agree with the bed performance reviewfor instancean employee may express their different understanding andat the same timea willingness to comply with any constructive suggestions
WAYS TO IMPROVE A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
A way to improve a bad performance review is to set selfreviewsthat isestablish performance standardsAnother way to improve a bad review is to learn more about what the managersupervisoror boss wants or expects from hisher employeesLearning what it was that caused a bad performance review helps to improve professional growth and encourages as well as motivates the worker to do better in order to receive a good review next time
附翻译：
处理糟糕绩效审查
糟糕绩效评估会感愤怒赏识失败绝世界末日记住次评估回应方式会次评估中产生重影响相信评准确老板完全错会受益成熟成熟反应里建议：
保持冷静放松呼吸反应度保持客观特说会悔话外进行绩效评估写差评
收糟糕绩效评估时该办
专心聆听求时发表评评外绩效评估期间您机会做出回应意
收糟糕绩效评估该办
糟糕绩效评估吓倒想辞职相反中吸取教训外果组织允许员工代表发表书面声明请务必做出书面声明员工说重员工展示什意床位绩效评估原例员工会表达理解时愿意遵守建设性建议
改善良绩效评估方法
改善差评种方法设置评估建立绩效标准改善差评种方法更解理老板员工期期解什导致糟糕绩效评估助提高专业成长鼓励激励员工做更便次获良评估
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1What should you do when you are given a bad performance review？
[答案]Stay calm and listen carefully
2What should you do after you are given a bad performance review？
[答案]Learn from the review
3What should you do if you do not agree with the bad performance review？
[答案]Make a written statement on your own behalf if it is allowed
4How do you improve a bad performance review？
[答案]Understand the established performance standards
5Why should we understand the cause of a bad performance review？
[答案]Because it encourages and motivates the worker to do better
附翻译：
1绩效考核办？
[答案]保持冷静仔细听
2差评办？
[答案]评中学
3意差评办？
[答案]允许情况您名义作出书面声明
4改善差评？
[答案]解定性标准
5什解差评原？
[答案]鼓励激励工做更
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2021年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new processlocate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjustYou can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通您需熟悉正发生变化您理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会改变程变更加困难足够灵活角度改变里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度陷入确定性融入新程中新场景中正确定位调整步骤步步会达目标Robin Sharma说世界受追捧领导力成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is _________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2021年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amougst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same time
stay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjustYou can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通您需熟悉正发生变化您理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会改变程变更加困难足够灵活角度改变里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性中淹没融入新程中新场景中正确定位调整步骤步步会达目标Robin Sharma说世界受追捧领导力成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is _________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2020年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexistingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can’t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明诚实关恐惧：未知交道常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵化：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性淹没参新程新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标罗宾夏尔马说世界受追捧领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2020年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels Don’t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears
：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexistingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持畅通沟通渠道懈怠期事情会帆风需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵化：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性淹没参新程新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标罗宾夏尔马说世界受追捧领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2019年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happensit happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existing skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作场保持警惕知道周围正发生什遇暗示变化正发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估改变技力信心开始动摇时候认识长处发挥作方时注意发展领域努力改进领域
●僵硬果僵化变革程变更加困难足够灵活角度变革里应现技知识需获新闻技
●保持乐观保持积极态度淹没确定性中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schange Downsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2019年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happensit happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexisting skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界正发生事情质变化裁员重组削减成现生存常态没行业例外保守机构正历重变革生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作场保持警惕知道周围正发生什遇暗示变化正发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估改变技力信心开始动摇时候认识长处发挥作方时注意发展领域努力改进领域
●僵硬果僵化变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识需获新闻技
●保持乐观保持积极态度淹没确定性中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇s changeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[部资料]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existing skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇暗示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性变革角度里应现技知识需新闻技获
●保持乐观：保持积极心态沉浸确定中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1Enterprises carry out downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_______
[答案]survive
2No industry is exempt means_______
[答案]No industry is an exception
3The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_______
[答案]How can productivity be increased
4How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
5From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_______
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
1企业_______进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
2没行业豁免意思_______
[答案]行业例外
3_______学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
4作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
5文章中知道Robin Sharma _______
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]In 1916a French coalmine director named Henri Fayol wrote a book entitled Administration Industrielleet Generalewhich set forth five distinct functions of managing that Fayol insisted were applicable in any industryIn the 1950＇smanagement textbooks began to incorporate some of a Fayol＇s ideas into their contentand todaymanagement courses still use many of his ideas to teach management to business students[2018年7月试题]
Planning
Planning involves deciding where to take a company and selecting steps to get thereIt first requires managers to be aware of challenges facing their businessesand then it requires managers to forecast future business and economic conditionsThey then formulate objectives to reach by certain deadlines and decide on steps to reach themThey reevaluate their plans as conditions change and make adjustments as necessary
Organizing
Managers organize by bringing together physicalhuman and financial resources to achieve objectivesThey identify activities to be accomplishedclassify activitiesassign activities to groups or individualscreate responsibilities and delegate authorityThey then coordinate everything so operations run smoothly
Leading
Leading requires managers to motivate employees to achieve business objectives and goalsIt requires the use of authority to achieve those ends as well as the ability to communicate effectivelyEffective leaders can influence their personnel to view situations from their perspectivesLeading also involves supervision of employees and their work
Controlling
Controlling involves measuring achievement against established objectives and goalsIt also requires managers to be able to identify sources of deviation from successful accomplishment and to provide a corrective course of actionManagers first establish objectives and goalsthen measure achievementsidentify anything that is keeping the company from achieving their objectives and goalsand provide means of correction if necessary
Staffing
Without human resourcesno organization can get off the groundlet alone do business and make profitsSome distinct features of the staffing function are：
●It puts the right man in the right job
●It is an ongoing activity as employees keep leaving and joining the companythey also retire from time to time leaving empty places in various positions
●Efficiency is a prime focus of this function as managing people is the toughest job there iseverything must be accounted forleavespaymentsbenefitsmedical allowancessocial security accounting and much more
附翻译：
1916年法国煤矿厂长亨利·法约尔(Henri Fayol)写名工业理总(Administration Industrielleet Generale)书中提出法约尔坚持适行业五种理职1950年代理教科书开始法约尔思想融入中容天理课程然许想法商科学生教授理
规划
规划包括决定家公司带里选择达里步骤首先求理者意识业务面挑战然求理者预测未业务济状况然制定目标定期限实现决定接触步骤会着情况变化重新评估计划根需进行调整
组织
理员通汇集物理力财力资源实现目标确定完成活动活动进行分类活动分配团体制定责放权力然协调切运营利进行
领导
领导需理者激励员工实现业务目标目标需权力实现目标效沟通力效领导影响员工角度情况领导包括监督员工工作
控制
控制涉根定目标目标衡量成求理者够识偏离成功成源提供纠正措施理者首先建立目标目标然衡量成识保持变东西公司实现目标目标必时提供纠正手段
员配备
没力资源组织法起步更说做生意盈利员配备功显着特点：
●合适做合适工作
●项持续活动员工断离开加入公司时常退休留岗位空位
●效率该功重点理员艰巨工作事情必须核算请假工资福利医疗津贴社会保障会计等等
21What is the main idea of this passage？
[答案]To introduce five distinct functions of managing proposed by Fayol
22What are the influence of Fayol＇s book Administration Industrielle et Generale？
[答案]It is still great effect on current management courses
23Which step of managing refers to bring staff together and tell them what to do？
[答案]Organizing
24Which item in Chinese below has not mentioned as things needed to take care for people management？
[答案]住房公积金
25In the step of_________managers need to find out obstacles in the course of achieving company＇s objectives and goals
[答案]controlling
附翻译：
21段话思想什？
[答案]介绍法约尔提出五种理功
22 FayolAdministration Industrielle et Generale书什影响？
[答案]目前理课程影响
23理步员工聚集起告诉做什？
[答案]组织
24项中文没提事理需注意事项？
[答案]住房公积金
25_________步骤中理者需找出实现公司目标目标程中障碍
[答案]控制
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[2020年9月试题]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the messageSend reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough along chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit hadmutatedto becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or(most often) the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this area general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送信息派遣增援前进回指挥中心通属链信息终达指挥中心已变异成送三四便士跳舞援军迟迟没
您通尝试 20 起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第种称分配失败发生公司没收集足够市场情报(常见)信息没达正确点公司会转变步分配资源果需求升公司出现分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缓缺乏错误方面症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败发生企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨部门创造力会着团队协效应滑受巨影响
21Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
22In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
23What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
24Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
25According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
21确认收发送消息指_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
22著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
23什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
24分配失败会发生_________
[答案]正确信息正确方
25根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[2018年1月试题]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the messageSend reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough along chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit hadmutatedto becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is a known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or(most often) the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this area general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送信息派遣增援前进回指挥中心通属链信息终达指挥中心已变异成—送三便士四便士跳舞援军迟迟没
您通尝试20起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第种类型称分配失败种情况发生公司没收集足够市场情报(常见情况)信息没达正确点时公司会市场步分配资源果需求升公司遭遇分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果相反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缓缺乏错误方面症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会发生种情况会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨部门创造力会着团队协效应滑受巨影响
21Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
22In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
23What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
24Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
25According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
21确认收发送消息意味着_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
22著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
23什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
24_________时会发生分配失败
[答案]正确信息正确方
25根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[部资料]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message Send reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough a long chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit had mutated to becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often)the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送消息发送增援前进回指挥中心通长串属消息终达指挥部时中心已变异成—送三便士四便士跳舞援军未达
您通尝试20起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第类称分配失败发生公司没收集足够市场情报(通常)信息没达正确点公司会转变步分配资源果需求升公司遭遇分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缺乏错误种情况症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会发生种情况会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨越部门界限创造力会着团队协效应滑遭受巨损失
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
3What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
4Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
5According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
1确认收发送消息意味着_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
2著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
3什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
4_________时会发生分配失败
[答案]正确信息正确方
5根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]Working for Google is a dream of manynot just because of what this company has achieved in the last 15 yearsbut because of its enviable work cultureWith about 37000 employees in 40 countriesyou might wonder how Google maintains a motivating work experience throughout its entire company
Working for Google comes with perks that most other organizations can＇t provide—bowling alleysfree haircutsgym membershipsand shuttles to and from workThe company＇s secret to success is putting the same amount of time and effort into keeping employees happy as it does into innovating products
Back when the company was just a startupcofounders Larry Page and Sergey Brin had the goal of making Google a place the most talented people wanted to work atTheir idea was simple：creating a work culture that keeps employees happy will motivate them to do their best and will keep them loyal to the company
It＇s less about the aspiration to be No1 in the worldand more that we want our employees and future ones to love it herebecause that＇s what＇s going to make us successfulsaid Karen Maythe Vice President of people development at Google
Google also makes its employees want to work because managers provide tasks that are inspiring and challengingEvery employee at Google has the opportunity to spend 20 of his or her working time on a project they chooseThis freedom takes employees out of their routine and away from the mundane tasks that often make workers feel uninspired about their jobs
LastlyGoogle shows each employee just how important he or she is to the companyEach employeeregardless of her spot on the totem polehas an influence on how Google performs
If you value peopleand care about them as whole peopleone thing you do is giving them a voiceand you really listenMay said
Google does just that by hosting employee forums every Fridaywhere they discuss the 20 mostasked questionsEmployees have access to all company informationadding a sense of trustand employees and leaders work together to solve problems
附翻译：
Google工作许梦想仅家公司15年取成令羡慕工作文化40国家区拥约37000名员工您想知道Google 保持激励心工作体验贯穿整公司
Google工作带数组织法提供福利—保龄球馆免费理发健身房会员资格返工作班车公司成功秘诀投入员工样时间精力员工开心确实创新产品
公司刚刚起步时联合创始拉里佩奇谢尔盖布林目标谷歌成华想工作方想法简单：创造种员工开心工作文化激励力忠公司
Google力发展副总裁凯伦·梅(Karen May)表示希员工未员工喜欢里说成世界第愿说取成功
Google员工愿意工作理提供务鼓舞心具挑战性Google 位员工机会20工作时间花选择项目种员工摆脱日常工作远离常常工工作感乏味务
Google位员工展示公司重性位员工图腾柱位置会Google表现产生影响
梅说果重视作整体关心做件事发言权真会倾听
做点谷歌周五举办员工坛讨20常问问题员工访问公司信息增加信感员工领导起解决问题
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1How would you describe Google？
[答案]Large global enterprises
2Which one does NOT belong to the methods that Google motivate its employees？
[答案]Promoting the employee who has more influence on Google the higher job position
3Who founded Google？
[答案]Larry Page and Sergey Brin
4If you are a normal employee of Googlewhat could you do EXCEPT？
[答案]Only work for the project you choose
5What is Google＇s secret to success？
[答案]Valuing the happiness of its employees as much as innovating good products
附翻译：
1会描述谷歌？
[答案]全球型企业
2 种属谷歌激励员工方式？
[答案]谷歌影响力越员工提拔更高职位
3谷歌谁创立？
[答案]拉里·佩奇谢尔盖·布林
4果谷歌普通员工做什？
[答案]仅适您选择项目
5谷歌成功秘诀什？
[答案]重视员工幸福创新产品样
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
说明：更新2021年7月试题根试题首字母音序查找试题答案
[短文]A team of about 35 employees had come together for a team building eventThey were a youngbright and enthusiastic teamHoweverone of their chief problems was the fact that they wouldn＇t share information or solutions with each otherand the team leader thought they were too focused on themselves and not on the teamAs a resultshe brought them all into the cafeteriaAll of the tables and chairs had been stored awayand fun decorations and hundreds of different colored balloons had been placed around the room[部资料]
In the center of the room was a big box of balloons that hadn＇t been blown up yetThe team leader instructed everybody to pick a balloonblow it upand write their name on itbut they had to be careful not to burst the balloon
Although they were given a second chance if their first balloon poppedthey were out of the game the second time roundIn the endabout 30 team members wrote their names without their balloons poppingThey were then asked to leave the room andafter five minutesthe team leader brought them back in and asked them to find the balloon with their name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the roomAfter 15 minutes of searchingno one had found their balloonand the team were told that they were then going to move on to the third round of the activity
In this roundeach team member was instructed to find any balloon with a name on it and then give that balloon to the person whose name was on itWithin two minuteseverybody had their own balloonThe team leader summarized the activity thus：We are much more efficient when we are willing to share with each other and much better at problem solving when we are working togethernot individually
Sometimesmembers of teams create obstacles by focusing solely on their own pursuits and goalsEvery member of the team should ask themselves on a regular basis what they are doing and what they can do for the team
附翻译：
约35名员工团队聚集起进行团队建设活动年轻明亮热情团队然问题会相互分享信息解决方案领队认太专注团队结果带进食堂桌椅收起趣装饰品数百颜色气球
房间中央放着盒没吹气球领队家起气球吹起然面写名字心爆破气球
然果第气球爆第二次机会第二轮赛中退出赛约 30 名队员没爆破气球情况写名字然求离开房间五分钟领队带回房间里数百气球中找面写着名字气球15分钟搜索没找气球团队告诉接进入第三轮活动
轮中队员求找面名字气球然气球交面名字两分钟气球队长总结活动：愿意相互分享时会更效率起工作单独工作时会更解决问题
时团队成员关注追求目标会制造障碍团队中成员应该定期问做什团队做什
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1This team building event was aimed at_________
[答案]making the team members know how to share information or solutions and cooperate
with each other
2This event was held in_________
[答案]a selfservice restaurant
3About how many team members were out of the second round of the activity？
[答案]5
4Which statement below is correct？
[答案]In the third roundeverybody had their own balloon with help from others within 2 minutes
5What was the event going to teach these employees？
[答案]Sharing and cooperating with other team members is more efficient when they are working together
附翻译：
1次团建活动目_________
[答案]团队成员知道享信息解决方案相互合作
2次活动_________举行
[答案]助餐厅
3第二轮活动概少出局？
[答案]5
4列说法正确？
[答案]第三轮2分钟帮助气球
5活动教员工什？
[答案]团队成员起工作时享合作效率更高
[短文]Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage？To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courageDetermined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewardedHere are three ways to do that[部资料]
Put innovation at the heart of strategy and persist it in every messageThink of innovation strategy as a pyramid：big bets at the top a few projects in development in the middle and a broad base of continuous improvements lasting contributions and earlystage new ideas at the bottom
Define jobs around innovationMake it a job prerequisiteConsider 3M’s move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosingNow many hightech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibilityAnd some of those selfselected selforganized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of businessFor 3M it was the Postit note
Recognize innovation in every part of the companyTo build a culture of creativity and innovation Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new conceptsIt shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation
To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaborationWhen people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement they can find the courage to try fail redo and try again
附翻译：
您否注意鼓励词中蕴含勇气？创造种创新蓬勃发展文化需勇气决心创新者总足够勇气建立种极鼓励奖励创新文化三种方法
创新放战略核心条信息中坚持创新战略想象成金字塔：顶部赌注中间正开发项目持续改进持久贡献持续改进广泛基础底层早期新想法
围绕创新定义工作作工作先决条件考虑3M举动成第批告诉专业士15时间选择项目公司现许高科技公司知道果提供种灵活性法获优秀中选组织项目甚会产生轰动时产品业务线3M便利贴
认公司部门创新建立创意创新文化吉列开发创新博览会单位展示前途新概念表明创新文化中发挥作
创意成功创新需量支持协作断沟通鼓励包围时会找尝试失败重做试勇气
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1What is necessary in creating innovation culture？
[答案]courage
2How does 3M create its innovation culture？
[答案]define jobs around innovation
3The word prerequisite in Make it a job prerequisite means_______
[答案]required as a prior condition
4How does Gillette create its innovation culture？
[答案]Recognize innovation in every part of the company
5The formation from idea to innovation needs_______
[答案]support and cooperation
附翻译：
1创造创新文化需什？
[答案]勇气
23M造创新文化？
[答案]围绕创新定义工作
3Make it a jobrequisite 中prerequisite词意思_______
[答案]作先决条件需
4吉列造创新文化？
[答案]认公司部分创新
5理念创新形成需_______
[答案]支持合作
[短文]HOW TO HANDLE A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW[部资料]
Getting a bad performance review can make you feel angryunappreciateddefeatedand hopelessBut it＇s not the end of the worldRemember that the way you respond to this appraisal can make all the difference in the next oneEven if you believe that the review is inaccurate and that your boss is completely wrongyou will benefit by reacting in a matureadult mannerHere are some suggestions：
Stay calmRelaxBreatheDo not overreact and be objectiveEspeciallydo not say things that will likely be regretted laterBesidesthe person giving the performance review may or may not be the one who has written the bad review
WHAT TO DO WHEN RECEIVING A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
It＇s best to listen attentivelyAnd make comments or remarks only when asked for themBesidesduring the performance reviewyou will be given the chance to respond and may disagree
WHAT TO DO AFTER RECEIVING A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
Don＇t be intimidated by the bad performance review and want to quit the jobinsteadlearn from itAlsoif the organization allows their employees to make a written statement on their own behalfdo make oneIt is important for the worker to show why she does not agree with the bed performance reviewfor instancean employee may express their different understanding andat the same timea willingness to comply with any constructive suggestions
WAYS TO IMPROVE A BAD PERFORMANCE REVIEW
A way to improve a bad performance review is to set selfreviewsthat isestablish performance standardsAnother way to improve a bad review is to learn more about what the managersupervisoror boss wants or expects from hisher employeesLearning what it was that caused a bad performance review helps to improve professional growth and encourages as well as motivates the worker to do better in order to receive a good review next time
附翻译：
处理糟糕绩效审查
糟糕绩效评估会感愤怒赏识失败绝世界末日记住次评估回应方式会次评估中产生重影响相信评准确老板完全错会受益成熟成熟反应里建议：
保持冷静放松呼吸反应度保持客观特说会悔话外进行绩效评估写差评
收糟糕绩效评估时该办
专心聆听求时发表评评外绩效评估期间您机会做出回应意
收糟糕绩效评估该办
糟糕绩效评估吓倒想辞职相反中吸取教训外果组织允许员工代表发表书面声明请务必做出书面声明员工说重员工展示什意床位绩效评估原例员工会表达理解时愿意遵守建设性建议
改善良绩效评估方法
改善差评种方法设置评估建立绩效标准改善差评种方法更解理老板员工期期解什导致糟糕绩效评估助提高专业成长鼓励激励员工做更便次获良评估
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1What should you do when you are given a bad performance review？
[答案]Stay calm and listen carefully
2What should you do after you are given a bad performance review？
[答案]Learn from the review
3What should you do if you do not agree with the bad performance review？
[答案]Make a written statement on your own behalf if it is allowed
4How do you improve a bad performance review？
[答案]Understand the established performance standards
5Why should we understand the cause of a bad performance review？
[答案]Because it encourages and motivates the worker to do better
附翻译：
1绩效考核办？
[答案]保持冷静仔细听
2差评办？
[答案]评中学
3意差评办？
[答案]允许情况您名义作出书面声明
4改善差评？
[答案]解定性标准
5什解差评原？
[答案]鼓励激励工做更
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2021年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new processlocate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjustYou can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通您需熟悉正发生变化您理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会改变程变更加困难足够灵活角度改变里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度陷入确定性融入新程中新场景中正确定位调整步骤步步会达目标Robin Sharma说世界受追捧领导力成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is _________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2021年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amougst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same time
stay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjustYou can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通您需熟悉正发生变化您理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会改变程变更加困难足够灵活角度改变里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性中淹没融入新程中新场景中正确定位调整步骤步步会达目标Robin Sharma说世界受追捧领导力成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is _________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2020年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexistingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can’t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
保持开放沟通渠道：退缩期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明诚实关恐惧：未知交道常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵化：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性淹没参新程新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标罗宾夏尔马说世界受追捧领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2020年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou can not live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels Don’t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to for man accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears
：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Changeisatimewhenone＇sconfidenceaboutone＇sskillsand capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexistingskills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keepapositiveattitudeanddon＇tletyourselfdrowninuncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变正发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇提示变化发生线索时承认
●保持畅通沟通渠道懈怠期事情会帆风需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节便准确解事情透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处方面发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵化：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识新闻技需获
●保持乐观：保持积极态度确定性淹没参新程新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标罗宾夏尔马说世界受追捧领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schangeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2019年7月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happensit happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existing skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革改变生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作场保持警惕知道周围正发生什遇暗示变化正发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估改变技力信心开始动摇时候认识长处发挥作方时注意发展领域努力改进领域
●僵硬果僵化变革程变更加困难足够灵活角度变革里应现技知识需获新闻技
●保持乐观保持积极态度淹没确定性中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇schange Downsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[2019年1月试题]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happensit happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply yourexisting skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界正发生事情质变化裁员重组削减成现生存常态没行业例外保守机构正历重变革生存
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作场保持警惕知道周围正发生什遇暗示变化正发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估改变技力信心开始动摇时候认识长处发挥作方时注意发展领域努力改进领域
●僵硬果僵化变革程变更加困难足够灵活性角度变革里应现技知识需获新闻技
●保持乐观保持积极态度淹没确定性中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
21Enterprises carryout downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_________
[答案]survive
22No industry is exemptmeans_________
[答案]No industry is an exception
23The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_________
[答案]How can productivity be increased
24How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
25From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_________
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
21企业实现_________进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
22没行业豁免指_________
[答案]行业例外
23_________外学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
24作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
25文章中知道罗宾·夏尔马_________
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]If there＇s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world todayit＇s changeDownsizingreorganizingand cutting costsare now the norm for survivalNo industry is exemptEven the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive[部资料]
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars：how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process？ And what can employees do to get through it？
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace
●Make yourself aware that change happens：it happens in personal lifeit happens in your professional lifeYou cannot live in the pastso denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you
●Stay alert in the workplace：know what is happening around youWhen you come across clues that hint change is on the wayacknowledge them
●Maintain open communication channels：Don＇t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothlyYou need to get acquainted with the occurring changesSeek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matterBe transparent and honest about your fears：dealing with the unknown is often resented and dauntingMake the picture as clear as you can
●Assess yourself：Change is a time when one＇s confidence about one＇s skills and capabilities gets shakyRecognize your strengths and where you could bring them into playAt the same timestay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those
●Don＇t be stiff：It will make the change process much harder if you are rigidBe flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your existing skills and knowledgeand what news skills you need to acquire
●Stay optimistic：Keep a positive attitude and don＇t let yourself drown in uncertaintyInvolve yourself in the new process locate yourself properly in the new scenarioAdjust
You can＇t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountainYou get to the mountaintop by taking incremental stepsStep by stepyou get to the goalsays Robin Sharmaone of the world＇s mostsoughtafter leadership and personal success experts
附翻译：
果词够抓住世界发生事情质变化缩减重组削减成现生存常态没行业幸免保守机构正历重变革
变革理直学者争问题：雇成功变革程创造合适条件？员工度难关？
应工作场变化提示
●意识改变会发生：发生生活中发生职业生涯中活否认发生改变会事情变更复杂
●工作中保持警惕：解周围发生事情遇暗示变化发生线索时承认
●保持开放沟通渠道：懈怠期事情会利通需熟悉正发生变化理层行寻求更细节形成事情准确理解透明透明坦诚面恐惧：处理未知事物常常感厌恶畏惧画面清晰
●评估：改变技力信心开始动摇时候认清长处发挥作时注意发展领域努力改进
●僵硬：果僵化会变革程变更加困难足够灵活性变革角度里应现技知识需新闻技获
●保持乐观：保持积极心态沉浸确定中参新程中新场景中正确定位调整
通跳山达珠穆朗玛峰通渐进步骤达山顶步步达目标世界受追捧罗宾夏尔马说领导成功专家
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1Enterprises carry out downsizingreorganizing and cutting costs in order to_______
[答案]survive
2No industry is exempt means_______
[答案]No industry is an exception
3The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT_______
[答案]How can productivity be increased
4How many suggestions does the author put forward？
[答案]6
5From the passagewe know that Robin Sharma is_______
[答案]an expert on leadershipand personal success
附翻译：
1企业_______进行减员重组削减成
[答案]生存
2没行业豁免意思_______
[答案]行业例外
3_______学者常讨问题
[答案]提高生产力
4作者提出少建议？
[答案]6
5文章中知道Robin Sharma _______
[答案]领导力成功方面专家
[短文]In 1916a French coalmine director named Henri Fayol wrote a book entitled Administration Industrielleet Generalewhich set forth five distinct functions of managing that Fayol insisted were applicable in any industryIn the 1950＇smanagement textbooks began to incorporate some of a Fayol＇s ideas into their contentand todaymanagement courses still use many of his ideas to teach management to business students[2018年7月试题]
Planning
Planning involves deciding where to take a company and selecting steps to get thereIt first requires managers to be aware of challenges facing their businessesand then it requires managers to forecast future business and economic conditionsThey then formulate objectives to reach by certain deadlines and decide on steps to reach themThey reevaluate their plans as conditions change and make adjustments as necessary
Organizing
Managers organize by bringing together physicalhuman and financial resources to achieve objectivesThey identify activities to be accomplishedclassify activitiesassign activities to groups or individualscreate responsibilities and delegate authorityThey then coordinate everything so operations run smoothly
Leading
Leading requires managers to motivate employees to achieve business objectives and goalsIt requires the use of authority to achieve those ends as well as the ability to communicate effectivelyEffective leaders can influence their personnel to view situations from their perspectivesLeading also involves supervision of employees and their work
Controlling
Controlling involves measuring achievement against established objectives and goalsIt also requires managers to be able to identify sources of deviation from successful accomplishment and to provide a corrective course of actionManagers first establish objectives and goalsthen measure achievementsidentify anything that is keeping the company from achieving their objectives and goalsand provide means of correction if necessary
Staffing
Without human resourcesno organization can get off the groundlet alone do business and make profitsSome distinct features of the staffing function are：
●It puts the right man in the right job
●It is an ongoing activity as employees keep leaving and joining the companythey also retire from time to time leaving empty places in various positions
●Efficiency is a prime focus of this function as managing people is the toughest job there iseverything must be accounted forleavespaymentsbenefitsmedical allowancessocial security accounting and much more
附翻译：
1916年法国煤矿厂长亨利·法约尔(Henri Fayol)写名工业理总(Administration Industrielleet Generale)书中提出法约尔坚持适行业五种理职1950年代理教科书开始法约尔思想融入中容天理课程然许想法商科学生教授理
规划
规划包括决定家公司带里选择达里步骤首先求理者意识业务面挑战然求理者预测未业务济状况然制定目标定期限实现决定接触步骤会着情况变化重新评估计划根需进行调整
组织
理员通汇集物理力财力资源实现目标确定完成活动活动进行分类活动分配团体制定责放权力然协调切运营利进行
领导
领导需理者激励员工实现业务目标目标需权力实现目标效沟通力效领导影响员工角度情况领导包括监督员工工作
控制
控制涉根定目标目标衡量成求理者够识偏离成功成源提供纠正措施理者首先建立目标目标然衡量成识保持变东西公司实现目标目标必时提供纠正手段
员配备
没力资源组织法起步更说做生意盈利员配备功显着特点：
●合适做合适工作
●项持续活动员工断离开加入公司时常退休留岗位空位
●效率该功重点理员艰巨工作事情必须核算请假工资福利医疗津贴社会保障会计等等
21What is the main idea of this passage？
[答案]To introduce five distinct functions of managing proposed by Fayol
22What are the influence of Fayol＇s book Administration Industrielle et Generale？
[答案]It is still great effect on current management courses
23Which step of managing refers to bring staff together and tell them what to do？
[答案]Organizing
24Which item in Chinese below has not mentioned as things needed to take care for people management？
[答案]住房公积金
25In the step of_________managers need to find out obstacles in the course of achieving company＇s objectives and goals
[答案]controlling
附翻译：
21段话思想什？
[答案]介绍法约尔提出五种理功
22 FayolAdministration Industrielle et Generale书什影响？
[答案]目前理课程影响
23理步员工聚集起告诉做什？
[答案]组织
24项中文没提事理需注意事项？
[答案]住房公积金
25_________步骤中理者需找出实现公司目标目标程中障碍
[答案]控制
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[2020年9月试题]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the messageSend reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough along chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit hadmutatedto becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or(most often) the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this area general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送信息派遣增援前进回指挥中心通属链信息终达指挥中心已变异成送三四便士跳舞援军迟迟没
您通尝试 20 起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第种称分配失败发生公司没收集足够市场情报(常见)信息没达正确点公司会转变步分配资源果需求升公司出现分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缓缺乏错误方面症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败发生企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨部门创造力会着团队协效应滑受巨影响
21Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
22In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
23What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
24Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
25According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
21确认收发送消息指_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
22著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
23什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
24分配失败会发生_________
[答案]正确信息正确方
25根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[2018年1月试题]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the messageSend reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough along chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit hadmutatedto becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is a known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or(most often) the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this area general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送信息派遣增援前进回指挥中心通属链信息终达指挥中心已变异成—送三便士四便士跳舞援军迟迟没
您通尝试20起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第种类型称分配失败种情况发生公司没收集足够市场情报(常见情况)信息没达正确点时公司会市场步分配资源果需求升公司遭遇分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果相反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缓缺乏错误方面症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会发生种情况会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨部门创造力会着团队协效应滑受巨影响
21Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
22In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
23What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
24Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
25According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
21确认收发送消息意味着_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
22著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
23什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
24_________时会发生分配失败
[答案]正确信息正确方
25根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]The meaning ofcommunicationgoes a lot deeper than people often thinkCommunication is about conceivingsendingreceivingand interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messagesA failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication[部资料]
Ineffective communication can be disastrousThere is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message Send reinforcementswe＇re going to advanceback to his Command Centerthrough a long chain of subordinatesWhen the message finally reached the Command Centerit had mutated to becomeSend three and fourpencewe＇re going to a danceThe reinforcements never arrived
You can demonstrate this same principlealbeit on a less dramatic scaleby trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 peopleIt is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with
In a businessthere are three main types of communication failureEach has its own indicative signs
●The first type is known as allocative failureThis occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often)the information is not reaching the right pointsThe firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demandIf demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failurethen stocks will fall and there will be under staffingIf the inverse happensthere will be a surplus of stocks and over staffing
●The second type is executive failurewhere communication to trigger specific eventsactions is either latelacking or in errorThe symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departmentsa loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all
●The final type is human failureThis occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communicationThis leads to alienated staffan increase in staff turnoveran increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staffCreativityespecially that which takes place across departmental boundariesis likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips
附翻译：
沟通含义通常想象深刻沟通关构思发送接收解释信息确认信息接收链条中点失败导致效沟通
效沟通灾难性著名事位英国陆军指挥官发送消息发送增援前进回指挥中心通长串属消息终达指挥部时中心已变异成—送三便士四便士跳舞援军未达
您通尝试20起玩中国耳语展示样原规模戏剧化您开始相信息太成您结束信息
企业中沟通失败分三种类型种指示标志
●第类称分配失败发生公司没收集足够市场情报(通常)信息没达正确点公司会转变步分配资源果需求升公司遭遇分配沟通失败库存会降会出现员足果反会出现库存剩员剩
●第二类执行失败触发特定事件行动沟通迟缺乏错误种情况症状公司部门普遍失方失协调增加客户投诉事情发生太晚根没发生
●种失败企业般文化特定部门间关系促进效沟通时会发生种情况会导致员工疏远员工流失率增加旷工率增加普遍挫败感创造力尤跨越部门界限创造力会着团队协效应滑遭受巨损失
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1Confirming reception of the sent messages means_________
[答案]the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2In the famous British Army Commander storywhich step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain？
[答案]Conceiving
3What is Chinese whispers？
[答案]A game to pass message around in a whisper
4Allocative failure does NOT happen when_________
[答案]the right information goes to the right place
5According to the passagewhich of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure？
[答案]Increasing customer complaints
附翻译：
1确认收发送消息意味着_________
[答案]正确接收者正确理解消息
2著名英国陆军指挥官事中通信链中步没出错？
[答案]怀孕
3什汉语耳语？
[答案] 耳语传递信息游戏
4_________时会发生分配失败
[答案]正确信息正确方
5根文章列情况属障？
[答案]增加客户投诉
[短文]Working for Google is a dream of manynot just because of what this company has achieved in the last 15 yearsbut because of its enviable work cultureWith about 37000 employees in 40 countriesyou might wonder how Google maintains a motivating work experience throughout its entire company
Working for Google comes with perks that most other organizations can＇t provide—bowling alleysfree haircutsgym membershipsand shuttles to and from workThe company＇s secret to success is putting the same amount of time and effort into keeping employees happy as it does into innovating products
Back when the company was just a startupcofounders Larry Page and Sergey Brin had the goal of making Google a place the most talented people wanted to work atTheir idea was simple：creating a work culture that keeps employees happy will motivate them to do their best and will keep them loyal to the company
It＇s less about the aspiration to be No1 in the worldand more that we want our employees and future ones to love it herebecause that＇s what＇s going to make us successfulsaid Karen Maythe Vice President of people development at Google
Google also makes its employees want to work because managers provide tasks that are inspiring and challengingEvery employee at Google has the opportunity to spend 20 of his or her working time on a project they chooseThis freedom takes employees out of their routine and away from the mundane tasks that often make workers feel uninspired about their jobs
LastlyGoogle shows each employee just how important he or she is to the companyEach employeeregardless of her spot on the totem polehas an influence on how Google performs
If you value peopleand care about them as whole peopleone thing you do is giving them a voiceand you really listenMay said
Google does just that by hosting employee forums every Fridaywhere they discuss the 20 mostasked questionsEmployees have access to all company informationadding a sense of trustand employees and leaders work together to solve problems
附翻译：
Google工作许梦想仅家公司15年取成令羡慕工作文化40国家区拥约37000名员工您想知道Google 保持激励心工作体验贯穿整公司
Google工作带数组织法提供福利—保龄球馆免费理发健身房会员资格返工作班车公司成功秘诀投入员工样时间精力员工开心确实创新产品
公司刚刚起步时联合创始拉里佩奇谢尔盖布林目标谷歌成华想工作方想法简单：创造种员工开心工作文化激励力忠公司
Google力发展副总裁凯伦·梅(Karen May)表示希员工未员工喜欢里说成世界第愿说取成功
Google员工愿意工作理提供务鼓舞心具挑战性Google 位员工机会20工作时间花选择项目种员工摆脱日常工作远离常常工工作感乏味务
Google位员工展示公司重性位员工图腾柱位置会Google表现产生影响
梅说果重视作整体关心做件事发言权真会倾听
做点谷歌周五举办员工坛讨20常问问题员工访问公司信息增加信感员工领导起解决问题
操作提示：通题目拉选项框选择正确答案
1How would you describe Google？
[答案]Large global enterprises
2Which one does NOT belong to the methods that Google motivate its employees？
[答案]Promoting the employee who has more influence on Google the higher job position
3Who founded Google？
[答案]Larry Page and Sergey Brin
4If you are a normal employee of Googlewhat could you do EXCEPT？
[答案]Only work for the project you choose
5What is Google＇s secret to success？
[答案]Valuing the happiness of its employees as much as innovating good products
附翻译：
1会描述谷歌？
[答案]全球型企业
2 种属谷歌激励员工方式？
[答案]谷歌影响力越员工提拔更高职位
3谷歌谁创立？
[答案]拉里·佩奇谢尔盖·布林
4果谷歌普通员工做什？
[答案]仅适您选择项目
5谷歌成功秘诀什？
[答案]重视员工幸福创新产品样
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
