长难句66句完美打印版

长难句66句

1This success coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one

词汇突破：cognitive 认知 （天）
Intuitive 先天
组单词概念相表达：
Nature先天nurture天 born 先天made 天innate天生Acquired天Determine 决定Coupled with 相and想类似表达along with combined with等
干识：句子语This successlater research 谓语led 宾语Ericsson 定式短语to conclude 做状语干结构：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …
成分：research面接现分词短语做置定语现分词短语中that引导句做showing 宾语定式短语中that引导句做conclude宾语more…than结构翻译说说
微观解析：语中第二列成分较长两逗号隔开阅读时候跳读This success动词led先连起然解析成分
译文赏析：种成功表明记忆身先天决定研究爱立信总结道记忆行说种先天行说种行


2It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers

词汇突破：visualize 想象
Figure out 发现找出
Suits …适合

干识：句子语how引导语句it句子形式语句子干 How …is not obvious
语句中语capacity谓语suits 宾语one
成分：状语to answer…语加两动词定式做置定语 动词定式中宾语questions面接that引导定语句
难点揭秘：句子形式语it引导语句中难点需识出语句中动词suits
译文赏析：构思物体找出数字模型力回答连诗哲学家回避问题点清楚


3．Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that testtaking skill also matters whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip

词汇突破Toil through (辛苦历)
名词：Winston Churchill Blood Toil Tears and Sweat(丘吉尔演讲)
sweat and toil （汗水辛苦）
He succeeded after years of toil (历数年辛劳成功)
SAT 美国高考 全称scholastic assessment test 学术性评估测试
testify 证实
matter 里动词重sth matters 事情重

干识anyone 句子语will testify 句子谓语that引导宾语句
成分that 引导宾语句中testtaking skill 语matters 做谓语whether 引导状语句
译文赏析辛苦历SAT考试会证实考试技巧重种技巧知道什时候猜知道什问题应该跳
造句Anyone who has achieved the success to any extent will testify that cooperation matters whether it’s individual’s willingness to cooperate or team work spirit of a group


4 During the past generation the American middleclass family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities

词汇突破count on
fair play 公竞争
干识the American middleclass family has been transformed干谓结构动态
成分that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure 定语句修饰middleclass family During the past generationby economic risk and new realities 做状语
微观解析the American middleclass family 句子语谓语has been transformedDuring the past generationby economic risk and new realities 状语that 引导定语句that句中做语谓语 could count on 宾语hard work and fair playto keep itself financially secure状语
难点揭秘语接较长修饰成份句子阅读时干容易握造成理解困难
译文赏析20年时间里辛勤工作公竞争保证财政收支安全美国中产阶级家庭已济风险新现实改变（定语句前置翻译方法处理句子）


5Much of the language used to describe monetary policy such as steering the economy to a soft landing or a touch on the brakes makes it sound like a precise science Nothing could be further from the truth

词汇突破steer 指挥控制 precise 精确
干识Much of the language makes it sound like precise science+谓+宾+宾补结构
成分used to describe monetary policy分词短语做置定语修饰the languagesuch as steering the economy to a soft landing or a touch on the brakes形容词短语形容词短语做置定语修饰the language
难点揭秘语接较长修饰成份句子阅读时干容易握造成理解困难
译文赏析描述货币政策词汇例操济软着陆者轻踩刹车货币政策听起门精确科学没什更远离实际情况（说法谱事情远非表示强烈反 i cann＇t agree with you more异曲工妙）
翻译点拨第二句子翻译中正话反说方法进行翻译肯定否定间进行转换参考面两例子：
（1）An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself 机会难
（2）Such things are of no rare occurrence 事情常发生
作文批驳方时候：Nothing could be further from the truth


6On another level many in the medical community acknowledge that the assistedsuicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying

词汇突破agony 痛苦 despair 绝 prolong 延长
干识many acknowledge that +宾语句 （many 作代词表示者体）
成分On another level 做状语in the medical community做定语the assistedsuicide debate has been fueled by the despair of patients宾语句干
特提示：fuel意思燃料里理解加剧意思阅读理解更透彻直接结构A is fueled by B 理解：A结果B原
例句：
China＇s success is fueled by the age of globlization
微观解析in part宾语句中状语for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying定语句修饰patients 定语句原独立句子：Modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying for them 句子中them 前面句子中patients 相名词里作者写成定语句翻译时候分译
句话定语句前世生：
suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients
The modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying for them
(两句子中出现名词patients themthem 换成whom for whom 提前)
难点揭秘样隔离结构阅读程中带舒服感觉in part 放 fueled by 间in the medical community放manyacknowledge间
译文赏析层面医疗界士承认关医生帮助杀讨部分病绝情绪病说现代医学已延长死亡生理痛苦
写作On another levelmany in the educational establishment acknowledge that the debate on the ranking of universities has been fueled in part by the despair of graduates for whom the discrimination brought by the ranking of university has put more obstacles on their job hunting way


7The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom

词汇突破illustrate 例证
in terms of 根…
干识The trend was most obvious and can be illustrated 系表结构两列动词
成分naturally in those areas of science in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom状语
微观解析based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training修饰状语中名词science做定语
难点揭秘naturally especially 副词做状语放位置开头结尾放中间部分样阅读带定困扰难点亮点写作程中灵活运：based especially on样表达
译文赏析然种趋势会尤数学实验室训练基础然学科领域中表现明显英国质学发展作例证说明
翻译点拨副词放开头翻译正体现前面讲副词时候修饰整句子


8The report identifies the under treatment of pain and the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twin problems of endoflife care

词汇突破 under treatment 治疗足
aggressive 1侵略侵犯 2斗挑衅 3进取精神干劲 4胆
dishonor 丢脸受耻辱
medical procedures 医疗手段
干识The report identifies…and…as the twin problems of endoflife care 谓宾宾补结构the under treatment of pain the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying 列宾语成分
微观解析that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying定语句修饰ineffectual and forced medical procedures定语句中两列动词prolong and dishonor做谓语
难点揭秘句子困难处列宾语半部分加定语句进identify as 间距离拉产生阅读障碍
译文赏析报告疼痛处理够胆延长死亡期甚病死体面效强制医疗手段确定终关怀两问题报告确定终关怀两问题疼痛处理够二胆延长死亡期甚病死体面效强制医疗手段
翻译点拨句子翻译考察词理解： dishonor the period of dying 直接翻译死亡阶段受耻辱转译：病死体面中文惯体medical procedures 表示医疗手段翻译成医疗程


9 The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly but that is nonetheless the case

词汇突破inspired 激发性
establishment 机构建立
nonetheless
case 事实实情
干识The notion would seem merely silly 系表结构
成分that learning should have in it an element of inspired play 位语句修饰notion干that learning should have an element of inspired play谓结构in it 状语to the greater part of the academic establishment状语
难点揭秘句子难点干中加入状语位语句句子结构变复杂学会but nonetheless 连感困惑两句子间需连词连接but连词起连接两句子作两句子间转折关系but表达样强烈前两句间部分肯定转折关系nonetheless 转折副词表明转折意味强烈里but换and
译文赏析数学术机构认学中加入启发性玩耍理念非常愚蠢样事情确实常常发生
翻译点拨状语翻译中文中谓结构翻译：数学术机构言翻译中文谓结构更简洁that is the case 果翻译事实没表达出准确句意正迈克尔杰克逊纪念电影this is it 翻译样


10 An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform

词汇突破argue for 支持
argue against 反
on the behalf of on behalf of 代表
career prospects 业前景
radical 彻底根激进

干识An invisible border divides those and those 谓宾结构
成分arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform 现分词短语分修饰两those 作置定语
微观解析arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects相who argue for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects
难点揭秘divide those …and those…两those面加长修饰成分造成结构识困难
译文赏析条形界限支持计算机进课堂分两类：类学生职业前景发思考类想教育彻底改革样更广泛理
翻译点拨翻译程中arguing for computers in the classroom放those 前作汉语中前置定语长定语部分单独成句样更符合中文表达惯）


11 There is as Robert Rubin the treasury secretary says a disjunction between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics

词汇突破the treasury secretary 财政部长（美）
anecdote 轶闻趣闻
statistics 数（熟悉意思：表格）
picture 情况事态局面状况情形形势

干识There is a disjunction
成分as Robert Rubin the treasury secretary says 插入语between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics置定语修饰a disjunction
微观解析between the mass of business anecdote and the picture 定语体部分that points to a leap in productivity修饰anecdotereflected by the statistics修饰statistics
难点揭秘插入语加入造成干难度尤between… and…结构识中加入定语句难理解
译文赏析正财长鲁宾说表明生产力飞跃发展商业佚事数反映情况间存着脱节
翻译点拨较长部分单独翻译样更符合中文惯：量表明生产力飞跃发展商业佚事财长罗伯特鲁宾认现实数表明情况支持传奇


前11句子属谓隔离情况天列结构开始出现


12Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean but rather changes in that biomass over time
词汇突破estimate 估量评估
not…but …………
干识Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass but changes
成分括号中容biomass进行解释说明of speciesin particular parts of the ocean做置定语修饰biomass in that biomass over time置定语修饰changes
难点揭秘estimate宾语the actual biomass changes列列连词but 阅读程中 会长定语分割产生阅读障碍
译文赏析研究方法想估计出某特定区鱼类实际生物量（活生物总量）估计出生物量着时间发生变化
翻译点拨定语修饰着changes序应该做符合中文惯调整


13 One leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control to help us sleep and feel better

词汇突破authority 权威
harness ……停止意思stop 互换更加正式表达单词curb单词表示控制意思相control原意缰绳意思单词考研高频词
conscious 意识
intensely powerful mental event原文中等dreams
干识one leading authority says that+宾语句
成分宾语句干these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control 列连词not only …but also…连接两列动词harnessed broughtto help us sleep and feel better 目状语
难点揭秘动词列造成识困难
译文赏析名顶级权威认极强烈脑活动仅抑制实际受意识控制进帮助睡眠感觉








14But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for them selves—goals that pose a real challenge

词汇突破 utility 运
supervision 监
干识they will have to operate and be able to make a few decisions 列两谓语and 连接
成分But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility状语with less human supervision状语at least状语goals that pose a real challenge整句子位语
微观解析位语goals 定语句修饰
难点揭秘动词列状语隔离位语识需关注
译文赏析果机器阶段达节省工运必须更少力监督工作少够做出决定目标会带真挑战
翻译点拨the next stage of laborsaving utility处理果直译：果机器达节省工运阶段样表达仅拗口难懂典型死译定语转译状语


15 But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd

词汇突破glimpse 快速眼
disregard 抛弃丢弃
irrelevant 相干
instantaneously 立
winding 蜿蜒曲折
suspicious 疑
干识the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent列两动词glimpsedisregard
成分that is irrelevant 修饰 the 98percent focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd 现分词短语作状语focus 动作发出者句子语human mind
微观解析the monkey or the single suspicious face focus on 列宾语
难点揭秘动词列句中出现现分词短语中出现列宾语
译文赏析类脑迅速瞟眼快速改变场面然立刻放弃98％相关信息马聚焦条崎岖森林道路边猴子者茫茫海中张疑脸


16A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper

词汇突破reveal 揭露
constitutes 包含
primacy 重性首位

干识A comparison reveals not…but also …谓宾结构
成分of British geological publications定语修饰comparison over the last century and a half定语修饰publicationsan increasing emphasis on the primacy of research宾语a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper列宾语
微观解析an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research中on the primacy of research修饰emphasisresearch修饰definition what 引导宾语句作of 宾语what宾语句中语
难点揭秘出现列宾语宾语中定语出现宾语句样增加句子复杂性句中出现动态名词
译文赏析半世纪英国质学领域出版物做较()会发现仅科研导位强调断攀升篇接受科研文包含容定义变化
翻译点拨句中两动态名词comparisonemphasis中动态形容词changing翻译处理翻译动词增加概说语






17 I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process falling transportation and communication costs lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands

词汇突破M&A mergers and acquisitions 缩写表示合兼意思济术语
underlie 构成…基础导致…发生例：The social problems underlying these crises remain unsolved（引起危机社会问题尚未解决）
trade and investment barriers 贸易投资壁垒
globalization process 全球化进程(作写作词汇)
干识I believe that+宾语句
成分the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same 宾语句干that underlie the globalization process定语句：forces解释
微观解析三种力量列falling transportation and communication costslower trade and investment barriers enlarged markets面接定语句 that require enlarged operations置定语形容词短语：capable of meeting customers demands
难点揭秘列三种力量修饰语较长列连词较解析较难
译文赏析认巨购浪潮背重推动力促进全球化进程力量样：降低交通运输成逐渐减少贸易投资壁垒满足消费者需求幅度拓展市场


18 It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope

词汇突破auditors 审计员
distract 分散注意力

干识It is entirely reasonable to believe that +宾语句 形式语句
成分for auditors 状语scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope宾语句
微观解析scientists should not be distracted 宾语句干who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there 定语句修饰scientistwhere they are going and how they will get there定语句中know宾语句by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope状语of keeping one eye on the cash register修饰the necessity 作定语while the other eye is on the microscope状语修饰keeping
难点揭秘语句中出现定语句定语句中出现列宾语样隔离障碍更显著
译文赏析审查者完全理相信知道准备做什做科学家应该必须眼盯着收银机眼盯着显微镜分散注意力
翻译点拨by短语句子中充状语翻译原where they are going and how they will get there处理知道做什知道做样表达符合中文惯果直接翻译：知道里字面含义翻译属死译


19 Instead we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles which now more than ever seem in ample supply the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in threestar restaurants the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life whose own children are enrolled in private schools

词汇突破hypocritical 虚伪
spectacles 景象
ample 充足
radical 激进根
journalist 记者新闻工作者
advocate 支持
participatory democracy 参制民
enrolled in 注册入学入伍

干识we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles 谓结构动态
成分 which now more than ever seem in ample supply 定语句修饰spectacles：列出三种虚伪景象代表物举例说明
微观解析定语句原完整句子：The spectacles now more than ever seem in ample supply干：The spectacles seem in ample supplynow more than ever状语代表物 the critic of American materialism（美国物质义批评者） with a Southampton summer home（拥南安普顿避暑山庄）代表物二 the publisher of radical books（激进书刊出版者）who takes his meals in threestar restaurants定语句讲三星级酒店餐（激进义者求生活极简）代表物三 the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life（支持生阶段推崇参制民记者）whose own children are enrolled in private schools定语句讲孩子私立学校学（私立学校教育精英制参制民需众贴）
难点揭秘号列三部分三名词面接较长定语修饰样造成阅读困难
译文赏析相反非常虚伪景象似前时候更见：批判美国式物质义拥位南安普顿避暑山庄：激进书籍出版商三星级餐厅享日三餐倡导生阶段实施参式民记者子女读私立学校
翻译点拨we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles果直接翻译：招虚伪景象样说法符合中文惯中文动英语动句子转译：非常虚伪景象fine 处理非常


20But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers Pluff Pluff A hundred and eightyfive kilograms

词汇突破explanatory 解释性
upsetting 安
consists of 包含

干识 it is a little upsetting to read that+宾语句and then to find that+宾语句形式语句句子语 to read and to find语中带两动词定式中宾语句
成分 in the explanatory notes 状语a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge宾语句干off which they both fall into the river起连接句子作定语句the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers宾语句干Pluff Pluff A hundred and eightyfive kilogramsLine位语
微观解析off which they both fall into the river原句子：they both fall into the river off the bridge
难点揭秘语两列成分识列语难点
译文赏析先解释性注释中知某诗行讲述土耳军官保加利亚军官桥格斗双双掉进河里发现该行诗中充斥着扑通扑通185公斤重类落水时声音军官体重描写时免感困惑安
翻译点拨先两较长语单独译成两句子翻译剩部分破英语中句子限定单独成句重翻译技巧简单讲部分太长量单独翻译


21 The examples of Virtual Vineyards Amazoncom and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity hospitality and security will attract online customers

词汇突破interactivity 互动性
hospitality 友性
security 安全性

干识The examples show that…+宾语句谓宾结构
成分of Virtual Vineyards Amazoncom and other pioneers作example位语作：A of B 结构A义词B 义词样翻译处理中需生硬翻译……例子a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity hospitality and security will attract online customers宾语句
微观解析 selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity hospitality and security现分词短语修饰a web site 宾语句干：a Web site will attract online customers
难点揭秘出现列语谓语间出现较长修饰产生隔离宾语句置定语中出现列产生隔离样产生隔离
译文赏析Virtual VineyardsAmazon．com样先驱网站表明交互性服务性安全性合理结合销售正确产品网站吸引网客户
翻译点拨宾语句单独成句 翻译example of…时候翻译……


22They gather all the data they can not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers

词汇突破statistics 数
写作程中固定词组：statistics and details
achievers获成功

干识They gather all the data 谓宾结构
成分they can 完整表达：that they can gather 出简洁考虑省掉that gathernot just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers整部分data 位语
微观解析位语中第部分performance statistics and biographical details第二部分the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers中with high achievers定语修饰experiments
难点揭秘位语部分出现列现象造成较冗长产生阅读难点
译文赏析收集切数数仅包括表现数传记式资料包括取表现优异者实验室实验中实验结果

补充心理学术语：


biographical characteristics 传记特点
biographical data 传记式资料
biographical inventory 传记式量表
Biographical Inventory for R & T Talent 科研甄选传记式量表
biographical inventory tests 传记式问卷测验
biographical method 传记法
biographical study 传记研究
biographicaltype case study 传记式案研究
23During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders meeting Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society’s ills and even cited his son a teacher in the Bronx New York who uses rap to communicate with students

词汇突破verse 歌词诗句
stockholder 股东
assert 声称认宣称
social ill 社会问题
干识Levin asserted that +宾语句and even cited his son 谓宾结构
成分During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders meeting状语music is not the cause of society’s ills 宾语句系表结构a teacher in the Bronx New York位语who uses rap to communicate with students定语句修饰a teacher
难点揭秘列动词位语构成定阅读难点
译文赏析月股东会关摇滚歌词讨中莱文宣称说：音乐社会问题原甚子例子纽约州布朗克斯教师子正说唱音乐学生进行沟通
翻译点拨位语单独翻译句子翻译中常手法


24 Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physicianassisted suicide the Court in effect supported the medical principle of double effect a centuriesold moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect
词汇突破constitutional 宪法
physicianassisted suicide 医生帮助杀
permissible 允许
干识the Court supported the medical principle of double effect 谓宾结构
成分Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physicianassisted suicide状语句in effect作状语a centuriesold moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect整the medical principle of double effect 位语
微观解析a centuriesold moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseenis permissible if the actor intends only the good effect 修饰holding that +宾语句中干：an action is permissiblehaving two effects修饰 an actiona good one and a harmful onetwo effects位语that is intendedthat is foreseen两定语句修饰if the actor intends only the good effect宾语句状语
难点揭秘句子复杂位语复杂位语中现分词短语带宾语句宾语句中出现位语位语中出现定语句样句子然复杂简单结构步步搭建出the Court supported the medical principle of double effect解释什double effectholding that+宾语句修饰 double effectan action having two effects is permissible宾语句干a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen 解释什two effectsif the actor intends only the good effect 状语句
译文赏析高法院已裁定出医生帮助杀行受宪法支持高法院实际支持称双重效果医疗原已世纪历史道德原认行会两效果——— 想达效果已预见害效果果行实施者想效果话行允许

翻译点拨位语处理采取惯单独成句方法破折号解释方法


25 The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century

词汇突破reinforced 加强
introduction 引入制定
refereeing 推荐制度
journal 期刊

干识The overall result has been to make entrance harder谓宾宾补结构entrance to professional geological journals宾语 harder for amateurs 宾补
成分to professional geological journals定语修饰entrancefor amateurs状语a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century作语result位语
微观解析that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing 定语句修饰a result by the widespread introduction of refereeing 状语by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century 定语修饰introduction
难点揭秘位语面定语句中状语by面定语by区
译文赏析样总结果便业余爱者想专业质学期刊发表文章更难广泛文评审推荐制度进步强化结果该种制度先19世纪国家级刊物引入20世纪家方级质学刊物


26At the same time the American Law Institutea group of judges lawyers and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones

词汇突破institute 机构
substantial 实际
bombard断攻击连续提出问题
lengthy冗长

干识the American Law Institute issued new guidelines
成分a group of judges lawyers and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight位语for tort law定语修饰new guidelinesstating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones 定语修饰new guidelines
微观解析companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones动词warn bombard列 warn sb of sth bombard sb with sth
难点揭秘位语隔离现象产生stating+ that +句子中出现两列动词
译文赏析时美国法律协会群法官律师专家学者组成组织建议分量极重发布新民事伤害法令指导方针宣称公司必提醒顾客注意显易见危险必连篇累牍提请注意会出现危险


27 Such large impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landownersand almost equally detached from the responsible management of business

词汇突破manipulation 操
detached 分离果表示态度表示中立关心
干识manipulation increased the numbers and importance of shareholders 谓宾结构
成分Such large impersonalof capital and industry定语修饰manipulationas a class 定语修饰shareholderan element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business整shareholder 位语
微观解析in national liferepresenting irresponsible wealthdetached from the land and the duties of the landownersand almost equally detached from the responsible management of business定语修饰an element
难点揭秘位语中三置定语造成阅读障碍
译文赏析样巨非资金产业操极增加股东数量作阶级重性国家生活中代表负责财富素种财富远离土土拥者责样公司负责理毫关系



28Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge components also critical to problem solving and life success

词汇突破analytical 解析
verbal 文字
components 成分
干识Sternberg notes that+宾语句
成分traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge 宾语句列动词best assess fail to measurecomponents also critical to problem solving and life success creativity and practical knowledge位语 critical to problem solving and life success形容词短语修饰components
难点揭秘位语中加形容词短语充置定语加阅读难度
译文赏析斯顿伯格指出传统测试评估出解析力语言力衡量创造性实际解决问题成功生言极重素
翻译点拨置定语前置位语单独成句



29 But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions

词汇突破critical 重
concerning 关
干识and连接两完整列句第句子干： science does provide us with the best available guide to the future第二句子干：it is critical that +语句
成分our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions语句
微观解析表语critical表示重性句中shoud +动词原型虚拟语气动词形式should 省略that science can provide定语句修饰judgmentconcerning the future consequences of present actions现分词短语修饰judgment
难点揭秘出现置定语造成翻译障碍
译文赏析科学确实提供未指导现行未结果科学提供评判国家世界应该重政策机遇种判断点非常重
翻译点拨半句翻译程中问题处理置定语里采取倒序方法进行翻译行文程中代词进行连接先说：best judgments concerning the future consequences of present actions关现行余未结果判断（the future consequences of present actions）说science can provide科学提供样前两句合变：现行未结果（定语变中文中状语）科学提供判断译前半段：国家世界应该重政策机遇种判断点非常重



30 They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth
词汇突破lest 免防 （面接句需should+动词原型虚拟语气）
acquire 获
deceptive 欺骗性
干识They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor 加情态动词系表结构
成分 lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth
状语句
微观解析lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth 状语句中出现列动词go and acquire中 go 系动词省略should go unchallenged 意思：质疑
难点揭秘句子难点虚拟语气识列动词识讲解虚拟语气列句子
译文赏析应该迅速回复编辑信（读者信）免动物权利错误信息受质疑（行道）披貌似真理骗外衣
翻译点拨编辑信错误信息受质疑采取正话反说方法进行翻译


31It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location title and salary then Emails them when a matching position is posted in the database

词汇突破interactive feature 互动特征
criteria 标准条件
matching position 匹配职位
database 数库

干识干部分强调句式掉强调格式An interactive feature lets visitors key in job criteria then Emails them列谓语 lets emails
成分such as location title and salary 置定语when a matching position is posted in the database状语句
难点揭秘强调句式列谓语such as 做置定语两动词识出现困难动词常见名词活名词
译文赏析正种交互式特征访客键入求职求点职务薪水数库里张贴出相应职位时种互动性特征访问者发送电子邮件通知



32 If the journalism did notice the essence of this issue it would open up its diversity program now focused narrowly on race and gender and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook values education and class

词汇突破diversity 样性
differ （物动词）：例Tastes differ萝卜青菜爱
outlook 世界观
values 价值观

干识it would open up its diversity program and look for reporters列动词
成分If this group did notice the real difference 状语句now focused narrowly on race and gender 分词作状语who differ broadly by outlook values education and class 定语句作置定语
难点揭秘置定语长影响列动词识造成阅读难点
译文赏析果新闻界真注意问题关键应该进步开放样化项目项目现单纯考虑招收种族性员工新闻界应该进步寻找世界观价值观教育水社会阶层相径庭种记者
翻译点拨长置定语单独成句



33Sad to say this project has turned out to be mostly lowlevel findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes combined with lots of headscratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want

词汇突破headscratching：令头疼
puzzlement困惑
干识This project has turned out to be findings 加面系列findings修饰
成分sad to say 插入语遗憾说combined with lots of headscratching puzzlement 非谓语结构做定语（里修饰findings）about what in the world those readers really want定语句修饰puzzlementin the world 做插入语句干：what those readers really want
微观解析factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes列结构factual errorsspelling and grammar mistakes列combined with 相连词
难点揭秘非谓语结构加入会导致解析起较困难
译文赏析遗憾说项目终证明低级研究着眼错误事实拼写语法问题关读者究竟想什困惑


34New ways of organizing the workplaceall that reengineering and downsizingare only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery new technology and investment in education and training

词汇突破reengineering and downsizing 重新设计缩规模
contribution 原素
干识New ways of organizing the workplace are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy系表结构
成分 all that reengineering and downsizing 位语which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery new technology and investment in education and training非限定性定语句
微观解析such as 做置定语
难点揭秘置定语句置定语冗长会产生定阅读障碍
译文赏析厂房布置新方法重新设计缩规模做法影响济体整体生产力素整体生产力受许素影响结合设备机械投资新技术教育培训投资


35 President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savingaccount model
with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns

词汇突破 campaigned to do 致力 (写作换词：devote tofocus on dedicate oneself to)
social Security 社会保障
savingaccount model 账户储蓄模式(果准确理解词意思提取干时掉会影响理解种模式)
trade 交换
guaranteed 保障确保
swear to guarant to assure to 保障确保意思
干识Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a model加独立格结构
成分with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for paymentsdepending on investment returns里需搞清楚独立格质两语逻辑联系句子合句子结构便理解retirees traded much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns非谓语作置定语修饰payments
微观解析理解含独立格句子关键分割with面句子原单独翻译payments修饰变定语句 which depended on investment returns种名词修饰形式转变灵活运写作中
难点揭秘独立格存会直接翻译略显僵化
译文赏析布什总统致力社会保障转变帐户储蓄模式模式里退休员量甚全部保障收入换投资回报收入



36 It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare who earns their living was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noisemaking

词汇突破deliciously 美味句子里样翻译太死板法准确理解副词意思情况做very 理解
干识it is ironic+时间状语句
成分when you consider that 时间状语句who earns their living 非限制性定语句修饰Shakespeare特殊处处谓间起谓隔离作样处理句子部长短相间错落致写作中灵活运
微观解析首先找清楚Shakespeare搭配动词 waswas himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noisemaking句子强调句（部分强调）原when you consider that Shakespeare was an actor (with a beard) and his share of noisemaking次找定语句who earns their living修饰象Shakespeare
难点揭秘句子巧妙处定语句位置配合语气做强调处理建议写作时适运
译文赏析想想带生机莎士亚演员（留胡子）噪音部分会觉切颇具讽刺意味
翻译点拨did his share of noisemaking 翻译时生硬翻译：噪声制造做出贡献里翻译：参噪声制造者噪声中部分



37To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments as well as new treatments and vaccines animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst

词汇突破 vaccines 疫苗
unaware 没注意
cruel残忍

干识animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst 加定语句
成分who are unaware that 定语句that animal research was needed to produce these treatments宾语句to produce these treatments表示目定式these treatments as well as new treatments and vaccines三事物列理解these treatments new treatments and vaccines列
微观解析句子语序调整animal research seems…to those who…样结构会更加条理进解析中定语句定语句中宾语句
难点揭秘 原句中语序调整状语部分长度会找句子干带困难
译文赏析 知道动物研究治疗方法新治疗方法疫苗言必须讲动物研究说听浪费说难听残忍



38I have discovered as perhaps Kelsey will after her muchpublicized resignation from the editorship of She after a buildup of stress that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status

词汇突破 muchpublicized：公开
resignation：辞职
buildup 集结巨（写作词汇）
doctrine：信条
downshifting：降档里根语境应灵活翻译悠闲闲适

干识I have discovered that 加宾语句
成分as perhaps Kelsey will after her muchpublicized resignation from the editorship of She after a buildup of stress非限制性定语句原干 as Kelsey will （discover）…after a buildup of stress作状语that面宾语句干bandoning the doctrine and making the move brings with it rewards
微观解析解析句子应该先找discovered宾语句干解析of juggling your lifedoctrine定语far greater rewards than financial success and social status关回报较as引导非限制性定语句整句子修饰应放解析
难点揭秘长状语时阅读障碍as引导句子中省略动词句子中非限制性定语句中应原discover修饰整句子知识点常写作中
译文赏析已发现放弃种生活忙碌生信条转追求较悠闲生活带回报远远济成功社会位许凯尔西堪积劳重负公开辞女友杂志社编辑职会发现



39Last year Mitsuo Setoyama who was then education minister raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarII had weakened the Japanese morality of respect for parents

词汇突破argue 认
introduce 制定引入
raised eyebrows 表示惊讶思议舆片哗然（眉毛抬起）
morality 道德
American occupation authorities：美国占领局
干识Mitsuo Setoyama raised eyebrows+时间状语句
成分who was then education minister 定语句修饰Mitsuo Setoyamawhen引导时间状语句干he argued that liberal reforms had weakened the moralityiberal reforms had weakened the morality宾语句introduced by the American occupation authorities非谓语结构作定语修饰reformsafter World WarII置句中作时间状语
微观解析抓住句子干应该层层理解句子中成分解析定语句应找相应先行词when 引导时间状语句较长确定谓宾关系修饰成份加入
难点揭秘句子句较准确划分干难准确理解句意状语识位置灵活掌握句子重点
译文赏析年时教育部长濑户光夫争辩说二战美国占领局引入义革新削弱日民族尊敬父母道德品质时候舆片哗然

40When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at for however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal

词汇突破advisable： 明智
advocate： 倡导者
farfetched：牵强
干识it is advisable to find out 加时间状语句原状语句步状语句
成分when a new movement in art attains a certain fashion时间状语句what its advocates are aiming at 宾语句for it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal原状语句
微观解析 it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal形式语句in yeas to come状语however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today步状语句正常语序：their principles may seem however farfetched and unreasonablethey 指代principles
例：However hard he triedhe still failed in the entrance exam．
努力尝试没通入学考试
需明白 however 词性副词①什程度 ②然 然词性二连词①样然however 做副词表示转折意思熟悉提醒点做转折讲时候连接两句子However法需注意两点：
（1）作副词相no matter how引导步状语句意思样…………具体结构两种：
1）however+形容词+语+系动词例：
However rich people arethey always seem anxious to take more money
富裕似总渴挣更钱
2）however+副词+语+谓语例：
However fast he runshe can’t catch up with us
跑快赶
（2）作连词引导步状语句意思样行例：
In one’s own home one can acts however he wishes
家里想干什行
难点揭秘原状语句中插入步状语句会句子半部分显较复杂
译文赏析艺术领域新运动发展成某种流行时尚时应该弄清场运动倡导者真正意图原天牵强理年理会视正常



41 With regard to Futurist poetry however the case is rather difficult for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature

词汇突破Futurist：未义
with regard to：关（换词：with respect toin the light ofin terms of ）
干识the case is rather difficult 加原状语句
成分With regard to Futurist poetry状语for it can hardly be classed as Literature原状语句whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right原状语句中步状语句
微观解析 whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right中even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right句中充状语admmiting 接宾语句干the theory may be righton which it is based作定语修饰the theoryit 指代futurist poetry
句子难点whatever法whatever字典释义：
（1）代词（pron） ①(事物) 样(事物) ②什 什③（问句表示惊讶困惑）底什究竟什④（回应表示感兴趣）许吧谓 ⑤（表示什接受）什
（2）形容词（adj）① 什……
（3）副词 （adv）① ② 点（）丝毫（）什（没）③发生什
whatever法两点需关注：
（1）引导名词性句相anything that意思……事情语气what更加强调例：
Whatever she did was right 做切
Take whatever you want 想什什吧
（2）引导步状语句相no matter what意思什什whatever句中作语宾语表语定语例：
Whatever happensyou mustn’t lose your heart
发生什事情丧失信心（作语）
Whatever you dodo it well
做什事情做（作宾语）
Whatever I amit is useful to know foreign languages
干什懂门外语总（作表语）
You have to go on whatever difficulties you meet
遇什困难进行（作定语）
难点揭秘句子难点结构复杂状语句状语中加入处理办法先句子简化理解逐渐加入成分长难句通常解决办法
译文赏析然未义诗歌说情况简单未义诗歌什——算承认赖存理基础正确——种形式难入文学



42 Apart from the fact that twentyseven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements

词汇突破apart from 开相besides in addition to 意思
promote 促销
Parliament：议会
live up to：辜负翻译时常处理符合
干识no regular advertiser dare promote a product 加定语句
成分Apart from the fact 介词结构作状语that twentyseven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising位语句fact进步阐释that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements定语句修饰product
难点揭秘句话干较清晰复杂方重否定找nofail两具否定意思词根汉语知识知双重否定肯定样句意会清楚否定词敏感度够会造成歧义状语部分识定难度
译文赏析议会规范广告第27条法案限制外没正式广告商敢推销种符合广告承诺商品
翻译点拨live up to 翻译常见反译法技巧反译法正话反说表达相意思：I lay awake all night（夜没合眼） He never lies（次说真话）



43The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past

词汇突破 detect ：检测侦查
massive：巨规模（写作中换词）
干识The notion is that 加表语句
成分people have failed to detect the massive changes 表语句（表语句语阐释）which have happened in the ocean 定语句修饰changesbecause they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past原状语句
微观解析句子干The notion is that+表语句定语句修饰表语句中词理解翻译时需注意次关系fail类带否定意味词直接作not理解relatively 修饰short
难点揭秘原句中句较需层次理解
译文赏析意思说没发现海里发生巨变化相较短段时间
翻译点拨The notion is处理 意思说…者认……




44One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that unlike the rises in the 1970s it has not occurred against the background of general commodityprice inflation and global excess demand

词汇突破inflation：膨胀通货膨胀
general commodityprice inflation
global excess demand：全球旺需求（金融类词汇）

干识One more reason is that 加表语句
成分not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices：定式做定语修饰reason里需注意定式否定to前面加notunlike the rises in the 1970s插入语表语句连接词面部分隔离开it has not occurred against the background of general commodityprice inflation and global excess demand表语句干it has not occurred against the background
微观解析句子特点修饰成分较进句子干隔离开种修饰成分应该极高辨识力
难点揭秘零散句式成阻碍理解素尤表语句冗长
译文赏析外油价涨失眠原次涨价70年代次涨普遍商品价格暴涨全球需求旺背景发生



45This for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet

词汇突破discrimination：歧视
alphabet：字母表

干识This refers to discrimination against those加定语句
成分for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage：插入语改写：for those who are unaware of such a disadvantage as yet理解起会方便as yetwhose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet定语句
微观解析句中插入语理解起困难妨试着改变句式结构长定语原定语句种方法逆思维写作相结合文章句式更加灵活变
难点揭秘较长插入语出现会混淆视听容易握干
译文赏析解种危害说指姓氏首字母位字母表半部分歧视



46From the beginning of our history says Hofstadter our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism

词汇突破democratic：民
populist：民义
干识our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything+定语句
成分says Hofstadter插入语our democratic and populist urges have driven us to…提炼出sth has driven sb to do… 句型that smells of elitism定语句修饰anything（注意smell介词搭配）
微观解析觉插入语干扰正常理解句子变Hofstadter aid From the beginning of our history our democratic and populist urges havedriven us to reject anything that smells of elitism样直接引语构成宾语句会降低句子难度
难点揭秘灵活利插入语改变句式句子启示
译文赏析Hofstadter说历史开始民化众化渴求迫拒绝切带精英义色彩东西



47The true enemies of science argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University a pioneer of environmental studies are those who question the evidence supporting global warming the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth

词汇突破depletion：消耗（consume义换词）
ozone layer臭氧层（碰种专业词汇慌张判断出名词）
干识the enemies are those 加定语句
成分argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University插入语相句中says Hofstadterof Stanford University做定语修饰Paul Ehrllcha pioneer of environmental studies：插入语who question the evidence supporting global warming the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth定语句修饰those
微观解析a pioneer of environmental studies插入语改写who is a pioneer of environmental studies快判断出修饰Paul Ehrllch非句子语定语句中supporting global warming作evidence定语（旧修饰形式变化）
难点揭秘句子中关Paul Ehrllch修饰成分作插入语造成干隔离句子半部分定语句中修饰evidence定语非谓语形式出现外插入语存会导致判断语失误句意理解错误
译文赏析 环境研究先驱斯坦福学保罗61厄尔里西认科学真正敌支持全球变暖臭氧层损耗工业发展果证提出置疑



48The test of any democratic society he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be

词汇突破Wall Street Journal：华尔街日报
latitude：纬度（the widest possible latitude：写作中运）
干识the test lies in 加宾语句
成分he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column插入语lies not in…but in…（…………）写作句式理解句意时忽略not 容关注but容how well it can control expression宾语句whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude宾语句however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be步状语句注意however法前面状语部分第六例句详细讲解
微观解析宾语句干 whether it gives freedom the widest possible latitude give sb sth 熟悉表达give sth sth 样调整插入语位置较容易找句子干清楚not…but…结构中强调but面容时准确握句干
难点揭秘特殊句式较长句会句子理解起较困难
译文赏析民社会考验华尔街日报专栏文章中写够效控制种意见表达社会否予思考表达广泛时候造成结果富争议令快



49The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle observes a French sociologist is part of the irresistible momentum of individualism over the last century

词汇突破irresistible ：抗拒(写作常句型：sth has become a irresistible tendency)
momentum 势头趋势
individualism 义

干识the shift is part of the momentum
成分away from family life to solo lifestyle 介词短语做定语修饰shiftobserves a French sociologist插入语over the last century状语
微观解析注意shift进行具体描述时from…to…结构
难点揭秘句样插入语识：observes a French sociologist a French sociologist observes
译文赏析法国社会学家观察家庭生活独居生活转变世纪抗拒独立义动力部分



6 The railroad industry as a whole despite its brightening fortuning fortunes still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic

词汇突破fortuning：观（fortune变化）
fortune 财富未
surging：汹涌澎湃
traffic 运量 （ 网络描述时表示：流量）
cover 表达意思丰富例：

（1）a hourse one day can cover 14 miles（表示走距离）
（2）100 dollars could cover my monthly spending （表示需金钱）等写作中运
干识the railroad industry does not earn enough
成分as a whole 定语despite its brightening fortuning fortunes 插入语（里despite换in spite of）it must invest 定语句（里省略that）to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic表目定式
微观解析the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic中it must invest 省略that 定语句to keep up with its traffic定语修饰capital句中较长插入语转化步状语句：though it owns brightening fortuning fortunes样处理仅助分离出干加强语法掌握
难点揭秘句意较复杂适处理插入语许法准确快速掌握句子意
译文赏析铁路工业整体言拥形势收入旧资消耗相衡资满足庞交通体系必须
翻译点拨置定语出现时前置拆分方法分处理



49The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of off spring—means that natural selection has lost 80 of its power in uppermiddleclass India compared to the tribe

词汇突破mediocrity：等庸
natural selection：然选择
off spring
干识mediocrity means that 加宾语句谓宾结构
成分everyone being the same in survival and number of off spring插入语（—…—判断出） that natural selection has lost 80 of its power 宾语句in uppermiddleclass India 状语compared to the tribe非谓语作状语
微观解析everyone being the same in survival and number of off spring里独立格作插入语进步解释mediocrity原句子：Everyone is the same in survival and number offspring里插入语相mediocrity解释快速阅读时跳compared to the tribe提前宾语句开头位置更通翻译句子
难点揭秘根标点判断插入语非谓语灵活运
译文赏析程度等—面然淘汰法机会均等连子嗣数目样—意味着印度土著部落情况相然选择印度中层阶级中已丧失80％作
翻译点拨状语灵活处理


50Butfor a small group of students professional training might be the way to go since welldeveloped skills all other factors being equal can be the difference between having a job and not

词汇突破 professional training：职业训练
干识 professional training might be the way to go 加原状语句
成分for a small group of students 介词短语做状语since welldeveloped skills all other factors being equal can be the difference between having a job and not原状语句
微观解析原状语句干：since skill can be the difference between having a job or not all other factors being equal独立格结构插入语原句子：all other factors are equal
难点揭秘句子结构典型长短相错利状语插入语句干分割开建议试着仿写插入语原寻找干时需注意句语动词相应
译文赏析部分学生说职业教育条取路径素相情况技娴熟工作否关键



51 While warnings are often appropriate and necessarythe dangers of drug interactions for exampleand many are required by state or federal regulations it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured

词汇突破appropriate：恰合适
liability：责（dutyobligationcommitment 义换词）

干识it isnt clear that +语句（it 形式语）
成分while warnings are often approprite and necessary and many are required by state or federal regulations步状语句the dangers of drug interactions for example插入语that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability宾语句if a customer is injured条件状语句
微观解析while引导时间状语句中列原while warnings are often…and many warnings are required…
难点揭秘种句交织起会导致干模糊中包括出现插入语现象
译文赏析警告常常适必须药物相互作危险提出警告许警告州联邦政府规定求出然() 清楚果顾客受伤害时警告实生产者销售者豁免责




52This developmentand its strong implication for US politics and economy in years aheadhas enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation’s head counting

词汇突破enthrone ……成……(义词entitle)
densely：密集
nation’s head counting：全国口普查（census）
implication 重意义重性影响

干识this deelopment has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region
成分and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead插入语in years ahead未年中（前面学in the years to come）for the first time介词短语作状语换firslyin the history of the nation’s head counting时间状语
微观解析句子中值积累句型 sth has enthroned sth as… (某物某物成……)
难点揭秘enthorne搭配掌握in years ahead理解
译文赏析种发展——美国政治济未年潜强力影响南部全国口普查中史首次成美国口密集区



53For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s downshifting in the mid 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lifegrowing your own organic vegetables and risking turning into a simpler less materialistic lifestyle as a personal recognition of your limitations

干识 Downshifting in the mid 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift
成分For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s介词短语作状语growing your own organic vegetables and risking turning into one位语as a personal recognition of your limitations状语
微观解析for 介词 the women of my generation名词 who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s定语句修饰the women of my generation
难点揭秘not so(as) much…as 较结构理解通常理解：说说例：He was not so much angry as disappointed（说愤怒说失）
译文赏析代整80年代生活奔波女说90年代中期出现隐恬退说寻求种神话般美生活（机肥种植蔬菜险种更加简单更少物质生活方式）说清醒认识身力限



54A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man

干识A home without love is no more a home
成分than a body without a soul is a man状语句
难点揭秘句子难点no more than结构法：
（1）果数量进行修饰时候no more than only 意仅仅例：There are no more than ten people in the room（房间里十）
（2）程度进行较时no more than两者意表示说话者观嫌少（差足 ）等例：This book is no more interesting than that one（两书没趣）
说结构程度较时候than面接句子成分受前面否定词no限制例：I can run no faster than he can（跑快跑快）
分两句子：
i）A home without love is not home
ii）A body without a soul is not a man
no more than 结构连起成面句子固定结构实简单复杂程结构基句子成分入手进行解析
译文赏析正没灵魂躯体成没爱家庭成家庭



54 Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West

词汇突破census 口普查
spacious 宽敞（根形容词 spatial 空间关）
dramatize 体现表明

干识1980 census statistics dramatize the American search for spacious living
成分nowhere 状语置句首引起句子倒装more 状语修饰dramatizethan in the Far West 状语
微观解析较象：区the Far West
较容：美国渴求宽敞生活体现
较结果：Far west 区体现
Nowhere 表明较象表明较结果
难点揭秘较结构定关注较三素较象较容较结果
译文赏析1980口普查数表明远西区宽敞住宿条件需求高区



55Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly：summer homes European travel BMWs—the locations place names and name brands may change but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago

词汇突破sign 标志
summer home 避暑山庄
干识people do not seem less interested in success and its signs
成分now than formerly状语号句子summer homes European travel BMWs—the locations place names and name brands may change but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago前面句进行解释
微观解析summer homes European travel BMWs名词词组表示列举松散句子结构—the locations place names and name brands may changebut such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years agosummer homes European travel BMWs进行解释
句中较象：Now formerly
较容：事物兴趣
较结果：兴趣没减弱
句中较象：today a decade or two years ago
较容：需求程度
较结果：现需求前需求样
难点解析出现较结构较中包含否定出现标点引起松散句子结构局部分析中句子结构严密
译文赏析然现成功种标志兴趣似亚先前消夏墅欧陆旅行宝马车——点名品牌许会变化类事物天渴求程度似会亚二十年前



56 Surely there is no more commanding moral imperative for people in the west than to urge each other and their governments to bring relief to the world’s poorest

词汇突破imperative 必须必须做事原（常见形容词性里名词表示必须做事）
commanding 急迫紧迫
urge 敦促
relief 援助

干识there is no more commanding moral imperative
成分for people in the west 状语than to urge each other and their governments to bring relief to the world’s poorest状语
微观解析句中较象：any moral imperative to urge each other and their governments to bring relief to the world’s poorest
较容：commanding 急迫
较结果：to urge each other and their governments to bring relief to the world’s poorest急迫
难点解析确定出较三素句子理解难点加no确定出than容高级
译文赏析毫疑问西方说没什道德标准相互督促督促国家世界穷困区带救助更重
：毫疑问西方说相互督促督促国家世界穷困区带救助重道德原
解释昨天句子昨天句子中to urge each other and their governments to bring relief to the world’s poorest动词定式句中做名词形式



57Thus in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it

词汇突破maximize化
Coupled with：加（combined with义换）
干识it is the demand that determine 加宾语句
成分in the American economic system状语coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes非谓语作状语提取干 coupled with the desire and the desireit is the demand that determine what…原 the demand determines what…what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it宾语句
微观解析强调句型运it is＋强调部分＋that…结构强调语利非谓语伴结构干分离开
难点揭秘找出强调句中强调部分原出原句
译文赏析美国济体系中体消费者需求商试图化利润欲想化收入效欲相结合起决定什应该制造资源制造





58 Luckily if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troublesor so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes

词汇突破lawsuit 法律诉讼
compendsate 赔偿
warn of 警告
liable 负责
juries 陪审团

干识or连接两列句子前句干：a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles句：the thinking has gone has gone so
成分第句：luckily状语if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster状语第二句：since the early 1980s 状语when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语句修饰the early 1980s
微观解析when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语句中holding接宾语独立格结构相名词完整形式：More companies are liable for their customers’ misfoutunes中are 变being being省详细容参独立格讲解
难点揭秘句子难点so 句子中位置发生改变or 面刚 or so 熟悉短语修饰1980’s误解：the thinking has gone样句子意思反生完全改变
译文赏析幸运果门垫者火炉没警告灾难通场成功法律诉讼赔偿麻烦1980年代早期开始想法样时候法庭认商家消费者幸应该负担更责








59 Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery would almost certainly bring the single market to a shuddering halt
词汇突破recriminations相互指责吵架 反诉 揭丑
例句：Their relationship deteriorates into an endless cycle of squabbling jealousy and recriminations
关系陷入争吵嫉妒指责恶性循环
Treaty 合约条约
Periphery边缘 圆周 外围 边缘带
Shuddering发抖震动
Halt 停止
干识wild currency swings would bring the single market to a shuddering halt
成分Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project 状语between those in the core and those in the periphery定语
微观解析介词短语：介词Amid +名词1the recriminations and名词2 broken treaties
介词短语中定语 after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project
难点揭秘长状语置句首造成干识困难语长造成翻译难点
译文赏析欧盟济计划破产片指责违约中货币欧盟核心国家边缘国家中肆意动荡足欧元区单市场走毁灭
翻译点拨语wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery翻译句子名词swings 转译动词


60 Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill

词汇突破census 口普查
deveolop 出现
干识the picture is emerging
成分from the 1980 census状语of a nation developing more and more regional competition定语修饰pictureas population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill状语句
难点揭秘倒装识
译文赏析1980年口普查中出现样情况东北部中西部区口增长停止时候国家区间竞争变越越激烈



61With economic growth has come centralization fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated towgeneration households

词汇突破abandoned 抛弃
in favor of 赞成支持
extended family 家庭
干识centralization has come with economic growth写作时候句型：with B has come A（着B……A……）
成分fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated towgeneration households号接定语修饰centralization
微观解析fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities句子干where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated towgeneration households定语句修饰cities
难点揭秘倒装识系动词完成时态识
译文赏析着济增长出现集中化：全国1．19亿公民中整整76％口定居城市：里原社区代堂家庭已摒弃取代外界疏两代组成核心家庭



62Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity the number of species in a particular ecosystem to the health of the Earth and human wellbeing

解析Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats形容词短语coincident形容词with介词concerns名词about the accelerating loss of species and habitats介词短语修饰concerns做定语形容词短语结束处紧接系动词完成式has been判定倒装句子语：a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversitythe number of species in a particular ecosystem句子中位语to the health of the Earth and human wellbeing修饰importance构成结构the importance of A to B（AB重性）
整句子干：coincident with concerns has been a growing appreciation结构抽象：Concident with A has been B句型关键：AB动态名词（动态名词详细讲解请见章第三节相关知识点补充）简单讲动态名词动词变名词appreciationappreciate变名词（appreciation里表示理解认识意思常见欣赏意思）concerns身名词动词句型翻译时候处理：着AB……者A……时B……AB单独译两句子
样结构写出漂亮英语句子：

（1）着中国济发展中国教育水极提高
●解析：句子中确定出两动态名词：发展提高搭建出AB：
AThe development of Chinese economy
BThe great improvement of education in China

●译文：Coincident with the development of Chinese economy has been the great improvement of the education in China
(2)着网络兴起电视开始衰落
●解析：句子中确定出两动态名词：兴起衰落搭建出AB：
A the rise of the technology of internet
B the decline of the televison
●译文：Coincident with the rise of the technology of internet has been the decline of the television
译文生物样性指特定生态系统中物种数量越越认识球健康类幸福重性时越越关心物种栖息加速丢失
点拨翻译中首先位语提前翻译面没语动态名词时加出泛指






63All would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate

解析助动词were提前置语reason前判定部分倒装处倒装原虚拟条件句中if省略引起句子原：If reason were the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate all would be well
译文果理性创造进化争中唯评判标准话事情办
附加句：For example they do not compensate for gross social inequality and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances
解析句子出现虚拟语气倒装：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances完整表达if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances
they指示代词指代前文测试compensate for：弥补inequality：公等相
tell：说明表明underprivilieged：贫困物质条件差
译文例测试弥补明显社会公说明物质条件差果更加利条件成长会干



64Most important perhaps was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist Thomas Cole who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River

干识：That was important
解析most important 形容词置句首紧接系动词判定倒装干序应该：that was most importantthey had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist Thomas Cole who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River语句翻译时候先翻冗长语句
微观分析：语句干：1they had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition（注意 with a certain fidelity做状语）
2 consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist（做置定语修饰techniqueconsistent形容词相致）
3 Thomas Cole做位语
4who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery 定语句修饰thomas cole中painting做career置定语
5 bordering the Hudson River置定语修饰scenery
译文忠诚坚持着美国第流行景观艺术家托马斯柯尔技法构图原直技法原重柯尔直事着描绘哈德逊河两岸catskill山风景事业




65Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased opportunities for stress

解析adding to a woman’s increase dose of stess chemicals ving接复数系动词判定倒装正常语序：her increased opportunities for stress are adding to a woman’s increase dose of stress chemicals
Adding to A is B 种结构翻译：A
译文开女性更压力物质外更受压力机会
倒装句：Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate lay eggs and rear their young are common murres Atlantic puffins blacklegged kittiwakes and northern gannets
解析句子开头长介词短语：Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate lay eggs and rear their young整部分中定语句that use the windswept cliffs to mate lay eggs and rear their young拉长造成理解困难紧接系动词are判定倒装干语序应该：common murres Atlantic puffins blacklegged kittiwakes and northern gannets are Among the species of seabirds
译文鸟类会夏天时候利加陡峭西洋悬崖交配产卵抚育幼鸟普通海雀西洋海鸠黑脚三趾鸥北方塘鹅样海鸟





66 Nor if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team

词汇突破regularity 常规性
conformity 致性
desirable 令满意令希值拥例：
It is desirable that you should be there by two o’clock（希两点里）
conventional 传统
干识Nor is management to be blamedNor置句首引起倒装正常语序management is not to be blamed
成分if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect状语句for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team状语
微观解析if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect干：regularity and conformity are as desirableto a standard pattern定语修饰regularity and conformityto the scientist状语 as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect As 引导定语句修饰 regularity and conformityas句中做reflecte 宾语果科学家文中反应出标准模板遵守认正想话
难点揭秘nor 置句首引起倒装as 引导定语句造成阅读困难
译文赏析果科学家文中反应出标准模板遵守认正想话理层该歧视研究者中思维众喜欢中较传统善团队合作思想者受指责
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