定式句子中做语宾语表语定语状语宾语补语
1)定式做语般表示具体某次动作
例
To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task
To do that implies taking responsibility
语较长谓语较短时常it做形式语定式放谓语面
例
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages
It做形式语定式放谓语动词常列结构中：
a) It is＋形容词(easy important difficult foolish inconvenient unnecessary right wrong)＋( forof sb)＋定式
例
It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only
It is important for us young people to learn English and master it
b) It is＋名词(a pleasure a pity a pleasant thing one's duty an honor a shame a crime no easy job)＋定式
It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash
It is a pity to have to go without her
It is a glorious death to die for the people
c) It takes (sb) some time (hours months days a lot of time patience)＋定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day
It took them half the night to get home in the snow
2)定式作表语定式作表语常表示动作语常常表示意算计划词wish idea task purpose duty job等
例
The most important thing for one's health is to have plenty of exercise
My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter
The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information
What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible
3)定式作宾语定式常列动词面作宾语：
affordagreeapplyarrangeaskattemptbegbegincarechooseclaimconsentdemanddecidedesiredetermine
expectfailhopehesitatehateintendlearnlikemanagemeanneglectofferplanprepare pretendpromiserefuseresolveseektendthreatenwant等
例
I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring
My mother hates to move from place to place for she feels tiredI decide to work hard and get doctor's degree
The room is designed to be my study but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children
She failed to finish the assignment in time and she was worried about it
There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble (CET4 1997 1)
A) making
B) to make
C) to have made
D)shavingsmade
mean面般加定式AD排根句意起非常生气想找麻烦定式动作没实施应般式答案B定式作宾语常面结构中语＋动词＋it＋形容词＋定式
例
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time I think it important to learn English well in college
种句型常见动词：believe consider declare feel find guess imagine prove realize suppose think等
4)whword＋定式结构定式前加疑问代词(what which who whom whose)疑问副词(where when how why)连词whether构成特殊定式短语作相句样定式短语常某动词面作宾语
常见接种定式短语动词：
know see decide tellaskconsiderdiscoverexplainfindoutforgetguesshearimagineinquirelearnobserve
perceiverememberthinkunderstandwonder等
例
I couldn't decide which book to choose I can tell youswheresto get this bookThey found it hard to decide
whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Yearwhword+定式结构作宾语外句中作语者表语
例
When to start the program remains undecided The question is how to put the plansintospractice
5)定式作状语
a)定式作状语表示目so asin order强调种目
例
To learn a foreign language well you must make painstaking efforts
Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schoolingWe must develop science and technology at
high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country
Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4 he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension
b)定式表示结果特soas to suchas to only totooto等结构中定式表示结果
例
I rushed to the station as fast as I could only to find the train already gone
She left her hometown with her beloved man never to returnNo one is too old to learn
Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me
c)定式常修饰形容词构成列词组：be able to be afraid to be apt to be bound to be certain to be easy to be eager to be fit to be likely to be ready to be sure to be unable to be unwilling to be willing to等
例
Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup
It is likely to rain today for it is very cloudy
I am willing to help you with your homework for we are friends
6)定式作宾语补语定式常列动词作宾语补语：ask advise allow beg cause compel command enable encourageexpect feel force find hear have inform invite let make mean notice order permit persuade remind require requestteach tell urge watch warn watch等
例
Because of the complexity of the modern equipments most offices require secretaries to have specified training
He asked you to call him at ten o'clock
The note reminds me to be careful whatever I do
I'd never allow my children to behave like that
定式let make have hear look at listen to feel observe watch notice perceive(感觉)等动词面作宾语补语时定式带to
例
Whenever something is wrong with you please do let me know
I will have the students write a passage about Internet
I saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor girl got seriously hurt in a car accident
It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water
7)定式作补带宾语宾语补足语结构动词变动语态时原宾语变语宾补变补加补动词：assume believeknow report say suppose等
例
Mr Brown is said to have left for Italy last week(It is said that Mr Brown left for Italy last week)
Persons have been said to climb on roofs solve mathematical problems compose music walk through windows and commit murder in their sleep
He is reported to have won the 100meter running race in the Olympic games
8)定式作定语
a)定式作定语通常放修饰名词代词
定式常作列名词定语：attempt ability anything chance desire determination decision effort failure intention need opportunity plan promise pressure right tendency time way等
例
His efforts to carry out the plan were successfulI have no intention to go to the cinema with you
There is no need to bother him with such trifles
There is a tendency to writer quite long sentences in commercial correspondence
The pressure( )causes Americans to be energetic but it also put them under a constant emotional strain (CET4 19976)
A) to compete
B) competing
C) to be competed
D)shavingscompeted
pressure面应接置定语表示竞争压力单分词作定语般置名词前BD排C定式动式竞争压力间没动关系正确答案A特注意定式修饰名词动宾关系时根句子需定式加适介词介词选取决修饰名词
定式身求
例
She is a very nice person to work with
This is an important issue to talk about
b)only last next序数词形容词高级修饰名词常定式作定语
例
Mr Zhang is always the first man to arrive at the office and the last man to leaveI don't think he is the best one to do the work
9)带to定式列词组面定式带to：would rather than(宁愿……) had better()can't help but() had
rather(宁愿)cannot but(必然)maymight as well(妨)let alone(更说)
例
You'd better return the books to the library on time Otherwise you will be fined
I can't help but wish that nothing would go wrong
They had never seen such delicious food let alone eat it
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1)定式做语般表示具体某次动作
例
To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task
To do that implies taking responsibility
语较长谓语较短时常it做形式语定式放谓语面
例
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages
It做形式语定式放谓语动词常列结构中：
a) It is＋形容词(easy important difficult foolish inconvenient unnecessary right wrong)＋( forof sb)＋定式
例
It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only
It is important for us young people to learn English and master it
b) It is＋名词(a pleasure a pity a pleasant thing one's duty an honor a shame a crime no easy job)＋定式
It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash
It is a pity to have to go without her
It is a glorious death to die for the people
c) It takes (sb) some time (hours months days a lot of time patience)＋定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day
It took them half the night to get home in the snow
2)定式作表语定式作表语常表示动作语常常表示意算计划词wish idea task purpose duty job等
例
The most important thing for one's health is to have plenty of exercise
My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter
The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information
What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible
3)定式作宾语定式常列动词面作宾语：
affordagreeapplyarrangeaskattemptbegbegincarechooseclaimconsentdemanddecidedesiredetermine
expectfailhopehesitatehateintendlearnlikemanagemeanneglectofferplanprepare pretendpromiserefuseresolveseektendthreatenwant等
例
I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring
My mother hates to move from place to place for she feels tiredI decide to work hard and get doctor's degree
The room is designed to be my study but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children
She failed to finish the assignment in time and she was worried about it
There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble (CET4 1997 1)
A) making
B) to make
C) to have made
D)shavingsmade
mean面般加定式AD排根句意起非常生气想找麻烦定式动作没实施应般式答案B定式作宾语常面结构中语＋动词＋it＋形容词＋定式
例
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time I think it important to learn English well in college
种句型常见动词：believe consider declare feel find guess imagine prove realize suppose think等
4)whword＋定式结构定式前加疑问代词(what which who whom whose)疑问副词(where when how why)连词whether构成特殊定式短语作相句样定式短语常某动词面作宾语
常见接种定式短语动词：
know see decide tellaskconsiderdiscoverexplainfindoutforgetguesshearimagineinquirelearnobserve
perceiverememberthinkunderstandwonder等
例
I couldn't decide which book to choose I can tell youswheresto get this bookThey found it hard to decide
whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Yearwhword+定式结构作宾语外句中作语者表语
例
When to start the program remains undecided The question is how to put the plansintospractice
5)定式作状语
a)定式作状语表示目so asin order强调种目
例
To learn a foreign language well you must make painstaking efforts
Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schoolingWe must develop science and technology at
high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country
Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4 he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension
b)定式表示结果特soas to suchas to only totooto等结构中定式表示结果
例
I rushed to the station as fast as I could only to find the train already gone
She left her hometown with her beloved man never to returnNo one is too old to learn
Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me
c)定式常修饰形容词构成列词组：be able to be afraid to be apt to be bound to be certain to be easy to be eager to be fit to be likely to be ready to be sure to be unable to be unwilling to be willing to等
例
Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup
It is likely to rain today for it is very cloudy
I am willing to help you with your homework for we are friends
6)定式作宾语补语定式常列动词作宾语补语：ask advise allow beg cause compel command enable encourageexpect feel force find hear have inform invite let make mean notice order permit persuade remind require requestteach tell urge watch warn watch等
例
Because of the complexity of the modern equipments most offices require secretaries to have specified training
He asked you to call him at ten o'clock
The note reminds me to be careful whatever I do
I'd never allow my children to behave like that
定式let make have hear look at listen to feel observe watch notice perceive(感觉)等动词面作宾语补语时定式带to
例
Whenever something is wrong with you please do let me know
I will have the students write a passage about Internet
I saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor girl got seriously hurt in a car accident
It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water
7)定式作补带宾语宾语补足语结构动词变动语态时原宾语变语宾补变补加补动词：assume believeknow report say suppose等
例
Mr Brown is said to have left for Italy last week(It is said that Mr Brown left for Italy last week)
Persons have been said to climb on roofs solve mathematical problems compose music walk through windows and commit murder in their sleep
He is reported to have won the 100meter running race in the Olympic games
8)定式作定语
a)定式作定语通常放修饰名词代词
定式常作列名词定语：attempt ability anything chance desire determination decision effort failure intention need opportunity plan promise pressure right tendency time way等
例
His efforts to carry out the plan were successfulI have no intention to go to the cinema with you
There is no need to bother him with such trifles
There is a tendency to writer quite long sentences in commercial correspondence
The pressure( )causes Americans to be energetic but it also put them under a constant emotional strain (CET4 19976)
A) to compete
B) competing
C) to be competed
D)shavingscompeted
pressure面应接置定语表示竞争压力单分词作定语般置名词前BD排C定式动式竞争压力间没动关系正确答案A特注意定式修饰名词动宾关系时根句子需定式加适介词介词选取决修饰名词
定式身求
例
She is a very nice person to work with
This is an important issue to talk about
b)only last next序数词形容词高级修饰名词常定式作定语
例
Mr Zhang is always the first man to arrive at the office and the last man to leaveI don't think he is the best one to do the work
9)带to定式列词组面定式带to：would rather than(宁愿……) had better()can't help but() had
rather(宁愿)cannot but(必然)maymight as well(妨)let alone(更说)
例
You'd better return the books to the library on time Otherwise you will be fined
I can't help but wish that nothing would go wrong
They had never seen such delicious food let alone eat it
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《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
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