升初英语核心语法浓缩（求记熟
名 词
表示某事物具体抽象分分数名词数名词
强调：数名词默认单数总is者was根someanya lot of等词作判断免受误导
1数名词变复数形式：
a．般情况直接加s：bookbooks bagbags catcats bedbeds 读音：清辅音读浊辅音元音读[z]
b．s x sh ch结尾加es：busbuses boxboxes brushbrushes watchwatches 读音：[iz]
c．辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：familyfamilies strawberrystrawberries 读音：[z]
d．ffe结尾变ffev 加es：knifeknives thiefthieves读音：[z]
e．o结尾词分两种情况
1）生命+es
读音：[z]
：mangomangoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes
2) 生命+s
读音：[z]
：photophotos radioradios
f 规名词复数：manmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemen policewomanpolicewomensnowmansnowmenmousemicechildchildrenfootfeet toothteeth fishfish peoplepeople ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese
2数名词没复数果计算数名词表达数量数词数名词间加量词+of例：a glass of water a piece of paper a bottle of juice
判断步骤：
↗amiswas→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→be动词
↘arewere→加ses
练练：
1写出列词复数
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango____child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day_______ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man ______woman _______leaf_______ people________
2名词正确形式填空
（1）Are there two( box ) on the table
（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema
（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week
（4）Here’re five( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you
（5）This( violin ) is hers Those( grape ) are over there
二冠 词
冠词种虚词独立通常放名词前面分定冠词定冠词两种
1定冠词：aan单数名词前表示件……an元音音素开头单词前： an email an orange an old man an English watch an hour…
2定冠词：the单数者复数名词前the没具体意思时翻译基法：
（1）表示特指某（）某（）事物：The map on the wall is new
（2）表示说话者双方知道事物：Look at the picture please
（3）表示次提前面谈事物：This is a stamp The stamp is beautiful
（4）表示世界独二事物前：the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the earth球
（5）普通名词构成专名词前：the Great Wall长城
（6）江河湖海等专名词前：the Changjiang River长江
（7）外序数词形容词高级乐器名称等词前面惯语中般定冠词the：the first day the best boy play the piano in the same class
确定aanthe时根汉语意思
练练：
1aan填空
____ U ____ icecream ____ goalkeeper ____ teapot ____apple ____office ____English book ____umbrella____ unit ____hour
2根需填写冠词aanthe
（1）Who is ____girl behind ____tree
（2） ____old man has two children ____ son and ____daughter
（3）This is ____ orange ____ orange is Lucy’s
（4）He likes playing ____guitar We have ____same hobby
（5）We all had____good time last Sunday
（6）She wants to be____doctor
三数 词
学两类：基数词序数词基数表示数量少基数词表示次序常日期中出现区：基数词前面没the序数词前定the
1超二十两位数需位十位间加：21 twentyone
2三位数需百位数加and：101 aone hundred and one
3基数词修饰数名词时定忘复数形式：十八男孩 eighteen boys
4基数词修饰数名词时复数变量词复数
：两碗米饭 two bowls of rice
5序数词般加th特殊：first second third fifth eighth ninth twelfth二十二十外整十：twentieth thirtieth fortieth… 第十：前面整十变面改序
数词：88 eightyeighth
练练：
1请翻译列短语
（1）60名学生
（2）15英语书
（3）九杯凉水
（4）4孩子
（5）12月31
（6）6月2日
（7）第九周
（8）40年前
（9）11+7
（10）学第天
2列基数词改成序数词
one two three nine fourteen twenty thirtyfive eightyone
四代 词
代词两种：称代词物代词
1称代词分：第第二第三称单复数分
2称代词格句中做语般动词前（疑问句外）宾格句中做宾语
动词介词
3形容词性物代词起形容词作面定名词表示该名词属谁
4名词性物代词形容词性物代词+名词：
This is my bag This is mine That is her ruler That is hers
般面没名词形容词性物代词名词性物代词
请牢记表：
单数
复数
称代词
格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
物 代词
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
练练：
1求写出相应称代词
I（宾格）_______ she（形容词性物代词）_______ we（名词性物代词）_______ he（复数）_______ us（单数）_______ theirs（格）_______ its（宾格）_______
2想想表补充完整
称代词
物代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
格
宾格
格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
形容词性
名词性
第称
me
us
our
第二称
you
you
第三称
he
them
his
their
her
it
its
3词适形式填空
1）That is not _________ kite That kite is very small but _________ is very big ( I )
2）The dress is _________ Give it to _________ ( she )
3）Is this _________ watch ( you ) No it’s not _________ ( I )
4）_________ is my brother ________ name is Jack Look Those stamps are _________ ( he )
5）_________ dresses are red ( we ) What colour are _________ ( you )
6）Show _________ your kite OK ( they )
7）I have a beautiful cat _________name is Mimi These cakes are _________ ( it )
8）Are these ________ tickets No ________ are not _________ ________ aren’t here ( they )
9）Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom ( we )
10）_________ is my aunt Do you know _________ job _________is a nurse ( she )
11）Where are _________ I can’t find _________ Let’s call _________ parents ( they )
12）Don’t touch _________ _________is not a cat _________ is a tiger ( it )
13）_________ sister is ill Please go and see _________ ( she )
14）The girl behind _________ is our friend ( she )
五形容词副词
1形容词表示某事物特征副词表示某动作特征形容词副词三种形式：原形较级高级较级：+er 高级：the …+est两重特征：as……as中间定原形than前面定+er
2形容词副词较级规变化：
（1）般直接+er：tall taller fast faster 单音节词果e结尾加r：late later
（2）重读闭音节词末尾辅音字母须双写字母加er：big bigger
fat fatter
（3）辅音字母加y结尾词变yi加er：heavy heavier early earlier
（4）双音节音节词较级应原级前加more构成：beautiful more beautiful
careful more careful quietly more quietly interesting more interesting
（5）规变化须逐加记忆：goodwell – better badill – worse manymuch – more far – fartherfurther old – olderelder…
练练：
1写出列形容词副词较级
big good long tall old short thin heavy young fat light strong high far low early late well fast slow
2括号单词适形式填空
1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish I think
2) Look His hands are _______ ( big ) than mine
3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates
4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ) yours or mine
5) Does Jim run as _______（slow ) as David Yes but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them
6) You have seven books but I have _______ ( many ) than you I have ten
7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class
8) I’m very_______ ( thin ) but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me
9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here
六介 词
1种虚词单独作句子成分面宾语起构成介词短语句子中起作
：in on under with behind about near before after for to up down from in front of out of from…to… at the back of…
2表示时间介词：at on in
（1）at表示某具体时间点固定词组中：at ten o’clock at 930 am at night at the weekend…
（2）on表示某日某日时间段：on Friday on the first of October on Monday morning…
（3）in表示某段时间（月份季节）里：in the afternoon in September in summer in 2005…
3in词固定搭配：in blue（穿着蓝色衣服）in English（英语表达）take part in（参加）
练练：
1选括号恰介词填空
1) What’s this _______ ( at on in ) English
2) Christmas is _______ ( at on in ) the 25th of December
3) The man_______ ( with on in ) black is Su Hai’s father
4) He doesn’t do well _______ ( at on in ) PE
5) Look at those birds _______ ( on in ) the tree
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at on in ) the bus stop _______ ( at on in ) half past ten
7) Is there a cat _______ ( under behind in ) the door
8) Helen’s writing paper is _______ ( in in front of ) her computer
9) We live _______ ( at on in ) a new house now
10) Does it often rain _______ ( at on in ) spring there
2圈出列句子中运恰介词正确答案写横线
1) Jim is good in English and Maths 2) The films were in the ground just now
3) They are talking to their plans 4) How many students have their birthdays on May
5) Women’s Day is at the third of March 6) I can jog to school on the morning
7) Did you water trees at the farm 8) Can you come and help me on my English
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival
七动 词
里说动词指种动词总称中包括be动词情态动词助动词行动词（时总说种动词）动词名词形容词太容易区分眼出方法：先（量词）（：张等）词连起说说通般认名词说通判断词连起说说通般形容词说通动词（目前学）（外明显称代词数词情态动词等知道）
1be动词（ am is are was were ）
1）am—was is –was arewere 口诀：am are is复数全are
2）肯定否定句 I am (not) from London He is(not) a teacher She is(not) in the dining room My hair is(not)long Her eyes are(not) small
3）般疑问句 Am I a Chinese Yes you are No you aren’t Are they American Yes they are No they aren’t Is the cat fat Yes it is No it isn’t
4）be动词否定形式：am not（没缩写形式）are not aren’t is not isn’t
恰be动词填空
练练：
1be动词适形式填空
1）I ______ a boy ______ you a boy No I _____ not 2）The girl______ Jack＇s sister
3）The dog _______ tall and fat 4）The man with big eyes _______ a teacher
5）______ your brother in the classroom 6）How _______ your father
7）Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school 8）Whose dress ______ this
9）Whose socks ______ they 10）Who ______ I
11）The jeans ______ on the desk 12）Here ______ a scarf for you
13）Here ______ some sweaters for you 14）The black gloves ______ for Su Yang
15）This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling 16）The two cups of milk _____ for me
17）Some tea ______ in the glass 18）Gao shan＇s shirt _______ over there
19）My sister＇s name ______Nancy 20）______ David and Helen from England 21）There ______ a girl in the room 22）There ______ some apples on the tree 23）_______ there any apple juice in the bottle 24）There _______ some bread on the plate
25）You he and I ______ from China
26）There _______ a boy two girls three men and ten women in the park
2助动词（ do does did ）
do does般现时式did般时通常疑问句否定句中否定形式：do not don’t does not doesn’t did not didn’t
注意：般现时中does第三称单数余律助动词do助动词do does did面定动词原形
练
1适助动词填空
1) ______you like this magazine
2) The girl______like bread for breakfast
3) What ______ she ______ at the weekends She usually plays games with her friends
4) Wha______ you do last Sunday I wrote to my friend
5) Did you see a Beijing opera No I ______
6) He ______not visit a farm last National Day holiday
7) They______ not like playing volleyball
8) ______Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday Yes he
9) ______Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day
10) How many kites ______we have We have ten
2找出列句子中错误序号填入题前括号改正
( ) 1) Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring Festival
A B C
( ) 2) What do the boy have in his pencilbox He has a rubber
A B C
( ) 3) They doesn’t like the film
A B C
( ) 4) Do Jim get up at six everyday
A B C
( ) 5) Don＇t giving the ball to Liu Tao
A B C
3情态动词
情态动词类特殊动词时说成动词情态动词行动词时出现句子中
现学情态动词：cancouldshallshouldwillwouldmaymight must
注意：情态动词动词总原形（受条件影响）否定形式：can not can’t must not mustn’t … 注意：may notshall not（缩写形式）
练练：
选择填空
( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you ______stay away from the building
A must B can’t C shouldn＇t
( ) 2) How many books ______ you see on the desk A may B can C should
( ) 3) It means you ______ make noise in the library A should B shouldn＇t C can
( ) 4) _____you like a glass of milk Yes please A May B Could C Would
( ) 5) ______you see the sign over there Sorry I can’t A Can B Can’t C Should
( ) 6) ______ we go to the park by bus A May B Must C Shall
4行动词
时课时说动词表示某动作行：sweeplive等行动词已学四种形式：原形第三称单数+ses现分词（动名词）+ing式+ed
（1）动词第三称单数变化规：
A般直接加s：play – plays visit – visits speak – speaks
Bsxshch结尾时加es：catch – catches watch – watches
C辅音字母+y结尾时变yi加es：carry – carries study – studies
（2）现分词（动名词）构成规：
A般直接加ing：go – going do – doing look – looking
B发音e结尾单词e 加ing：take – taking make – making have – having
C重读闭音节结尾词末尾辅音字母需双写字母加ing：
put – putting stop – stopping run – running get – getting swim – swimming sit – sitting begin – beginning jog – jogging forget – forgetting
（3）式构成规：
A般直接加ed：plant – planted visit – visited pick – picked
B发音字母e结尾直接加ed：like – liked hope – hoped taste – tasted
C辅音字母+y结尾时变yi加ed：try – tried carry – carried study – studied
D动词双写字母加ed：stop – stopped
E动词式规请记忆：
am(be)wasbeing are(be)werebeing bewas werebeing
成becomebecamebecoming开始beginbeganbeginning 弯曲bendbentbending
吹blowblewblowing 买buyboughtbuying cancould
捕捉catchcaughtcatching选择choosechosechoosingcomecamecoming
切cutcutcutting做do doesdiddoing画drawdrewdrawing饮drinkdrankdrinking
吃eatateeating感觉feelfeltfeeling发现findfoundfinding飞flyflewflying
忘记forgetforgotforgettinggetgotgettinggivegavegiving走gowentgoing
成长growgrewgrowinghave hashadhaving听hearheardhearing
受伤hurthurthurting保持keepkeptkeeping知道knowknewknowing学learnlearned learntlearning允许letletletting躺lielaylying制造makemademaking
maymight意味meanmeantmeaning会见 meetmetmeeting必须mustmust放置putputputting读readreadreading骑rideroderiding响鸣ringrangringing跑runranrunning说saysaidsaying见seesawseeingshallshould
唱歌singsangsinging坐sitsatsitting睡觉sleepsleptsleeping说speakspokespeaking
度spendspentspending
练练：
1写出列动词第三称单数
drink __________go ____________stay __________make __________look __________
have _________pass __________carry __________come ___________watch __________
plant _________fly ________study ________brush _________
do ___________teach____________ take__________ see__________
2写出列动词现分词
put __________give __________fly _________get ________dance ________sit_________
run ________plant _________take ___________swim _________ask ___________
stop __________take _________write __________have __________smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________
3写出列动词式
isam _________fly _______plant ________are ________drink _________play _______
go ________make ________does _________dance ________worry ___________
ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________put ______throw ________
kick _________pass _______do ________
4动词适形式填空
（1）I ______to school from Monday to Friday My brother often _______to school with me Yesterday we_______to school together We like _______to school very much ( go )
（2）They usually _____lunch at home But last week they ____lunch at school ( have )
（3）That__my English book It__new But now it ___not here It ___there a moment ago ( be )
（4）My sister likes ________very much She often _______at our school festival Last term she _______a lot of songs in the school hall She _____beautifully ( sing )
（5）What _____ he usually ______on Sunday He usually _____his homework Look He _____his homework now ____he ______his homework last Sunday Yes he_______ ( do )
（6）Do people usually_____ moon cakes at Midautumn Festival Yes they do Did you ____moon cakes last Midautumn Festival Yes I did I___a lot of delicious moon cakes ( eat )
八therehere be结构
1there be结构表示某时某存着什事物包括there isthere arethere wasthere were
here be结构类似法完全相表示里存着什事物
2havehashad区：
（1）There be 句型表示：某某物（） havehashad表示：某拥某物
（2）there be 句型中语单数be 动词is语复数be 动词are件物品be 动词根be 动词名词决定——原
（3）there be 句型否定句be 动词加not 般疑问句be 动词调句首
（4）there be句型have(has) 区：there be 表示某某物（）have(has) 表示某拥某物
（5）someanythere be 句型中运：some 肯定句 any 否定句疑问句
（6）and or there be句型中运：and 肯定句 or 否定句疑问句
（7）针数量提问特殊疑问句基结构： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？How much + 数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
（8）针语提问特殊疑问句基结构： What’s + 介词短语？
（9）There be结构般句子开头have等词某语面
练练：
1恰be动词填空
1) There ______ four seasons in a year
2) There ______not any trees two years ago
3) ______there a post office near your school Yes there ______
4) How many stops ______there There______only one
5) There ______not any stamps on the envelope
6) ______ there any birds in the tree
7) There______ a shopping centre near our school last year But now there______ no one
8) There ______only three of us my dad my mum and me
9) Here ______some bread for you
10) In New York there ______ a lot of rain in spring
2选have has had there is there are there was there were填空
1) I ______a good father and a good mother 2) ______ a telescope on the desk
3) He ______a taperecorder 4) ______a basketball in the playground
5) They ______ a nice garden 6) My father ______ a storybook last year
7) ______a readingroom in the building 8) What does Mike ______
9) ______any books in the bookcase 10) How many students ______in the classroom
11) ______a storybook on the table a moment ago 12) What do you ______
13) My parents ______some nice pictures 14) ______ some maps on the wall
15) ______a map of the world on the wall 16) David’s friends ______ some tents
17) __________ many children on the hill
九someany法
some肯定句any否定句般疑问句请注意例句扩号中说明法
例：There is some water in the glass （肯定句）
There are some flowers in the garden （肯定句）
There aren’t any lamps in the study（否定句）
Are there any maps on the wall（般疑问句）
Would you like some orange juice （希肯定回答）
Do you want to take any photos at the party （般疑问句）
练练：
选someany填空
1) There isn’t ______milk in the fridge
2) I can see______cars but I can’t see______buses
3) He has ______ friends in England
4) Were there ______fruit trees on the farm
5) Here are ______presents for you
6) Does Tom want to take ______ photos
7) Is there______rice in the kitchen
8) There are______new buildings in our school
9)Would you like______ cakes No I’d not like ______cakes but I’d like ______coffee
10) Are there______pictures on the wall No there aren’t ______pictures
十动词定式
1to加动词原形构成种非谓语形式里介词词义
：I want to make a New Year card 想制作张新年贺卡
Would you like to have a picnic with us 愿意起野餐？
2to保留原动词特征带宾语状语等
：To get there faster you can take bus No5 想快点坐5路车
3to前时带疑问词what when where which why how等
：He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there 正问杨玲样达里
总言定记住：to面动词原形
练练：
1扩号中动词适形式填空
1) People would like ________( go ) to farms in the countryside
2) It’s time ________ ( have ) lunch
3) I want ________ ( buy ) some presents for my friends
4) The thief began ________ ( run )
5) Please shouw me how ________ ( go ) to the shopping centre
6) Would you like ________ ( join ) us
7) Don’t forget ________ ( write ) Happy New Year
8) She was very glad ________ ( see ) them
9) Please remember ________ ( close ) the windows before you go home
10) I’m sorry ________ ( hear ) that
2圈出列句子中错误改正
1) Would you like go camping with us
2) Helen show ux how drawing a square
3) I want to writes a letter to my penfriend
4) It’s time for us go to school
5) Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos to his mum
十动名词
实动词现分词名词性质（作语）具动词性质（带宾语）
：Please keep quiet in the reading room 课题：Asking the way中名词性质
My hobby is collecting stamps中动词性质带宾语stamps
1remember（记住）面动名词表示记做某事to+动词原形表示记做某事：
I remember posting the letter today 记天信寄走
Please remember to post the letter today 请记住天信寄走
2forget（忘记）面动名词表示忘记做某事（实际做）to+动词原形表示忘记做某事（实际没做）：
I forget doing homework this morning 忘记天早做作业
I forget to do homework this morning 忘记天早做作业
3stop（停止）面动名词表示停止做某事to+动词原形表示停止正做事做事：
Stop smoking please 请吸烟
We are tired Let’s stop to have a rest 累停休息
4like（喜欢）面动名词表示爱惯意思喜欢干某事to+动词原形常would like to do something表示某想愿意干某事：
I like taking a walk after supper every day 喜欢天晚饭散步
I would like to have some chips 想吃薯条
练练：
1扩号动词适形式填空
1) _________( swim ) is not as fast as running
2) It’s sunny today Let’s go _________ ( fish )
3) Do you like _________ ( read ) English in the morning
4) Are you good at _________ ( dance )
5) Where is the _________ ( shop ) centre
6) Would you like to go _________ ( jog ) with me
7) My hobby is _________ ( play ) football
8) Su Hai likes _________ ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays
2选择扩号动词适形式填空
1) I’m sorry _________ ( hearing to hear ) that
2) Jim is good at _________ ( swimming to swim )
3) Shall we go _________ ( skating to skate )
4) Today my work is _________ ( looking to look ) after the baby
5) I’m going _________ ( flying to fly ) a kite in the playground
6) I like _________ ( playing to play ) basketball after school
7) Would you like _________ ( going to go ) to the Great Wall
8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how ________ ( getting to get ) to the History Museum
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名 词
表示某事物具体抽象分分数名词数名词
强调：数名词默认单数总is者was根someanya lot of等词作判断免受误导
1数名词变复数形式：
a．般情况直接加s：bookbooks bagbags catcats bedbeds 读音：清辅音读浊辅音元音读[z]
b．s x sh ch结尾加es：busbuses boxboxes brushbrushes watchwatches 读音：[iz]
c．辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：familyfamilies strawberrystrawberries 读音：[z]
d．ffe结尾变ffev 加es：knifeknives thiefthieves读音：[z]
e．o结尾词分两种情况
1）生命+es
读音：[z]
：mangomangoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes
2) 生命+s
读音：[z]
：photophotos radioradios
f 规名词复数：manmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemen policewomanpolicewomensnowmansnowmenmousemicechildchildrenfootfeet toothteeth fishfish peoplepeople ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese
2数名词没复数果计算数名词表达数量数词数名词间加量词+of例：a glass of water a piece of paper a bottle of juice
判断步骤：
↗amiswas→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→be动词
↘arewere→加ses
练练：
1写出列词复数
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango____child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day_______ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man ______woman _______leaf_______ people________
2名词正确形式填空
（1）Are there two( box ) on the table
（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema
（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week
（4）Here’re five( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you
（5）This( violin ) is hers Those( grape ) are over there
二冠 词
冠词种虚词独立通常放名词前面分定冠词定冠词两种
1定冠词：aan单数名词前表示件……an元音音素开头单词前： an email an orange an old man an English watch an hour…
2定冠词：the单数者复数名词前the没具体意思时翻译基法：
（1）表示特指某（）某（）事物：The map on the wall is new
（2）表示说话者双方知道事物：Look at the picture please
（3）表示次提前面谈事物：This is a stamp The stamp is beautiful
（4）表示世界独二事物前：the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the earth球
（5）普通名词构成专名词前：the Great Wall长城
（6）江河湖海等专名词前：the Changjiang River长江
（7）外序数词形容词高级乐器名称等词前面惯语中般定冠词the：the first day the best boy play the piano in the same class
确定aanthe时根汉语意思
练练：
1aan填空
____ U ____ icecream ____ goalkeeper ____ teapot ____apple ____office ____English book ____umbrella____ unit ____hour
2根需填写冠词aanthe
（1）Who is ____girl behind ____tree
（2） ____old man has two children ____ son and ____daughter
（3）This is ____ orange ____ orange is Lucy’s
（4）He likes playing ____guitar We have ____same hobby
（5）We all had____good time last Sunday
（6）She wants to be____doctor
三数 词
学两类：基数词序数词基数表示数量少基数词表示次序常日期中出现区：基数词前面没the序数词前定the
1超二十两位数需位十位间加：21 twentyone
2三位数需百位数加and：101 aone hundred and one
3基数词修饰数名词时定忘复数形式：十八男孩 eighteen boys
4基数词修饰数名词时复数变量词复数
：两碗米饭 two bowls of rice
5序数词般加th特殊：first second third fifth eighth ninth twelfth二十二十外整十：twentieth thirtieth fortieth… 第十：前面整十变面改序
数词：88 eightyeighth
练练：
1请翻译列短语
（1）60名学生
（2）15英语书
（3）九杯凉水
（4）4孩子
（5）12月31
（6）6月2日
（7）第九周
（8）40年前
（9）11+7
（10）学第天
2列基数词改成序数词
one two three nine fourteen twenty thirtyfive eightyone
四代 词
代词两种：称代词物代词
1称代词分：第第二第三称单复数分
2称代词格句中做语般动词前（疑问句外）宾格句中做宾语
动词介词
3形容词性物代词起形容词作面定名词表示该名词属谁
4名词性物代词形容词性物代词+名词：
This is my bag This is mine That is her ruler That is hers
般面没名词形容词性物代词名词性物代词
请牢记表：
单数
复数
称代词
格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
物 代词
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
练练：
1求写出相应称代词
I（宾格）_______ she（形容词性物代词）_______ we（名词性物代词）_______ he（复数）_______ us（单数）_______ theirs（格）_______ its（宾格）_______
2想想表补充完整
称代词
物代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
格
宾格
格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
形容词性
名词性
第称
me
us
our
第二称
you
you
第三称
he
them
his
their
her
it
its
3词适形式填空
1）That is not _________ kite That kite is very small but _________ is very big ( I )
2）The dress is _________ Give it to _________ ( she )
3）Is this _________ watch ( you ) No it’s not _________ ( I )
4）_________ is my brother ________ name is Jack Look Those stamps are _________ ( he )
5）_________ dresses are red ( we ) What colour are _________ ( you )
6）Show _________ your kite OK ( they )
7）I have a beautiful cat _________name is Mimi These cakes are _________ ( it )
8）Are these ________ tickets No ________ are not _________ ________ aren’t here ( they )
9）Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom ( we )
10）_________ is my aunt Do you know _________ job _________is a nurse ( she )
11）Where are _________ I can’t find _________ Let’s call _________ parents ( they )
12）Don’t touch _________ _________is not a cat _________ is a tiger ( it )
13）_________ sister is ill Please go and see _________ ( she )
14）The girl behind _________ is our friend ( she )
五形容词副词
1形容词表示某事物特征副词表示某动作特征形容词副词三种形式：原形较级高级较级：+er 高级：the …+est两重特征：as……as中间定原形than前面定+er
2形容词副词较级规变化：
（1）般直接+er：tall taller fast faster 单音节词果e结尾加r：late later
（2）重读闭音节词末尾辅音字母须双写字母加er：big bigger
fat fatter
（3）辅音字母加y结尾词变yi加er：heavy heavier early earlier
（4）双音节音节词较级应原级前加more构成：beautiful more beautiful
careful more careful quietly more quietly interesting more interesting
（5）规变化须逐加记忆：goodwell – better badill – worse manymuch – more far – fartherfurther old – olderelder…
练练：
1写出列形容词副词较级
big good long tall old short thin heavy young fat light strong high far low early late well fast slow
2括号单词适形式填空
1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish I think
2) Look His hands are _______ ( big ) than mine
3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates
4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ) yours or mine
5) Does Jim run as _______（slow ) as David Yes but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them
6) You have seven books but I have _______ ( many ) than you I have ten
7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class
8) I’m very_______ ( thin ) but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me
9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here
六介 词
1种虚词单独作句子成分面宾语起构成介词短语句子中起作
：in on under with behind about near before after for to up down from in front of out of from…to… at the back of…
2表示时间介词：at on in
（1）at表示某具体时间点固定词组中：at ten o’clock at 930 am at night at the weekend…
（2）on表示某日某日时间段：on Friday on the first of October on Monday morning…
（3）in表示某段时间（月份季节）里：in the afternoon in September in summer in 2005…
3in词固定搭配：in blue（穿着蓝色衣服）in English（英语表达）take part in（参加）
练练：
1选括号恰介词填空
1) What’s this _______ ( at on in ) English
2) Christmas is _______ ( at on in ) the 25th of December
3) The man_______ ( with on in ) black is Su Hai’s father
4) He doesn’t do well _______ ( at on in ) PE
5) Look at those birds _______ ( on in ) the tree
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at on in ) the bus stop _______ ( at on in ) half past ten
7) Is there a cat _______ ( under behind in ) the door
8) Helen’s writing paper is _______ ( in in front of ) her computer
9) We live _______ ( at on in ) a new house now
10) Does it often rain _______ ( at on in ) spring there
2圈出列句子中运恰介词正确答案写横线
1) Jim is good in English and Maths 2) The films were in the ground just now
3) They are talking to their plans 4) How many students have their birthdays on May
5) Women’s Day is at the third of March 6) I can jog to school on the morning
7) Did you water trees at the farm 8) Can you come and help me on my English
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival
七动 词
里说动词指种动词总称中包括be动词情态动词助动词行动词（时总说种动词）动词名词形容词太容易区分眼出方法：先（量词）（：张等）词连起说说通般认名词说通判断词连起说说通般形容词说通动词（目前学）（外明显称代词数词情态动词等知道）
1be动词（ am is are was were ）
1）am—was is –was arewere 口诀：am are is复数全are
2）肯定否定句 I am (not) from London He is(not) a teacher She is(not) in the dining room My hair is(not)long Her eyes are(not) small
3）般疑问句 Am I a Chinese Yes you are No you aren’t Are they American Yes they are No they aren’t Is the cat fat Yes it is No it isn’t
4）be动词否定形式：am not（没缩写形式）are not aren’t is not isn’t
恰be动词填空
练练：
1be动词适形式填空
1）I ______ a boy ______ you a boy No I _____ not 2）The girl______ Jack＇s sister
3）The dog _______ tall and fat 4）The man with big eyes _______ a teacher
5）______ your brother in the classroom 6）How _______ your father
7）Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school 8）Whose dress ______ this
9）Whose socks ______ they 10）Who ______ I
11）The jeans ______ on the desk 12）Here ______ a scarf for you
13）Here ______ some sweaters for you 14）The black gloves ______ for Su Yang
15）This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling 16）The two cups of milk _____ for me
17）Some tea ______ in the glass 18）Gao shan＇s shirt _______ over there
19）My sister＇s name ______Nancy 20）______ David and Helen from England 21）There ______ a girl in the room 22）There ______ some apples on the tree 23）_______ there any apple juice in the bottle 24）There _______ some bread on the plate
25）You he and I ______ from China
26）There _______ a boy two girls three men and ten women in the park
2助动词（ do does did ）
do does般现时式did般时通常疑问句否定句中否定形式：do not don’t does not doesn’t did not didn’t
注意：般现时中does第三称单数余律助动词do助动词do does did面定动词原形
练
1适助动词填空
1) ______you like this magazine
2) The girl______like bread for breakfast
3) What ______ she ______ at the weekends She usually plays games with her friends
4) Wha______ you do last Sunday I wrote to my friend
5) Did you see a Beijing opera No I ______
6) He ______not visit a farm last National Day holiday
7) They______ not like playing volleyball
8) ______Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday Yes he
9) ______Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day
10) How many kites ______we have We have ten
2找出列句子中错误序号填入题前括号改正
( ) 1) Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring Festival
A B C
( ) 2) What do the boy have in his pencilbox He has a rubber
A B C
( ) 3) They doesn’t like the film
A B C
( ) 4) Do Jim get up at six everyday
A B C
( ) 5) Don＇t giving the ball to Liu Tao
A B C
3情态动词
情态动词类特殊动词时说成动词情态动词行动词时出现句子中
现学情态动词：cancouldshallshouldwillwouldmaymight must
注意：情态动词动词总原形（受条件影响）否定形式：can not can’t must not mustn’t … 注意：may notshall not（缩写形式）
练练：
选择填空
( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you ______stay away from the building
A must B can’t C shouldn＇t
( ) 2) How many books ______ you see on the desk A may B can C should
( ) 3) It means you ______ make noise in the library A should B shouldn＇t C can
( ) 4) _____you like a glass of milk Yes please A May B Could C Would
( ) 5) ______you see the sign over there Sorry I can’t A Can B Can’t C Should
( ) 6) ______ we go to the park by bus A May B Must C Shall
4行动词
时课时说动词表示某动作行：sweeplive等行动词已学四种形式：原形第三称单数+ses现分词（动名词）+ing式+ed
（1）动词第三称单数变化规：
A般直接加s：play – plays visit – visits speak – speaks
Bsxshch结尾时加es：catch – catches watch – watches
C辅音字母+y结尾时变yi加es：carry – carries study – studies
（2）现分词（动名词）构成规：
A般直接加ing：go – going do – doing look – looking
B发音e结尾单词e 加ing：take – taking make – making have – having
C重读闭音节结尾词末尾辅音字母需双写字母加ing：
put – putting stop – stopping run – running get – getting swim – swimming sit – sitting begin – beginning jog – jogging forget – forgetting
（3）式构成规：
A般直接加ed：plant – planted visit – visited pick – picked
B发音字母e结尾直接加ed：like – liked hope – hoped taste – tasted
C辅音字母+y结尾时变yi加ed：try – tried carry – carried study – studied
D动词双写字母加ed：stop – stopped
E动词式规请记忆：
am(be)wasbeing are(be)werebeing bewas werebeing
成becomebecamebecoming开始beginbeganbeginning 弯曲bendbentbending
吹blowblewblowing 买buyboughtbuying cancould
捕捉catchcaughtcatching选择choosechosechoosingcomecamecoming
切cutcutcutting做do doesdiddoing画drawdrewdrawing饮drinkdrankdrinking
吃eatateeating感觉feelfeltfeeling发现findfoundfinding飞flyflewflying
忘记forgetforgotforgettinggetgotgettinggivegavegiving走gowentgoing
成长growgrewgrowinghave hashadhaving听hearheardhearing
受伤hurthurthurting保持keepkeptkeeping知道knowknewknowing学learnlearned learntlearning允许letletletting躺lielaylying制造makemademaking
maymight意味meanmeantmeaning会见 meetmetmeeting必须mustmust放置putputputting读readreadreading骑rideroderiding响鸣ringrangringing跑runranrunning说saysaidsaying见seesawseeingshallshould
唱歌singsangsinging坐sitsatsitting睡觉sleepsleptsleeping说speakspokespeaking
度spendspentspending
练练：
1写出列动词第三称单数
drink __________go ____________stay __________make __________look __________
have _________pass __________carry __________come ___________watch __________
plant _________fly ________study ________brush _________
do ___________teach____________ take__________ see__________
2写出列动词现分词
put __________give __________fly _________get ________dance ________sit_________
run ________plant _________take ___________swim _________ask ___________
stop __________take _________write __________have __________smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________
3写出列动词式
isam _________fly _______plant ________are ________drink _________play _______
go ________make ________does _________dance ________worry ___________
ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________put ______throw ________
kick _________pass _______do ________
4动词适形式填空
（1）I ______to school from Monday to Friday My brother often _______to school with me Yesterday we_______to school together We like _______to school very much ( go )
（2）They usually _____lunch at home But last week they ____lunch at school ( have )
（3）That__my English book It__new But now it ___not here It ___there a moment ago ( be )
（4）My sister likes ________very much She often _______at our school festival Last term she _______a lot of songs in the school hall She _____beautifully ( sing )
（5）What _____ he usually ______on Sunday He usually _____his homework Look He _____his homework now ____he ______his homework last Sunday Yes he_______ ( do )
（6）Do people usually_____ moon cakes at Midautumn Festival Yes they do Did you ____moon cakes last Midautumn Festival Yes I did I___a lot of delicious moon cakes ( eat )
八therehere be结构
1there be结构表示某时某存着什事物包括there isthere arethere wasthere were
here be结构类似法完全相表示里存着什事物
2havehashad区：
（1）There be 句型表示：某某物（） havehashad表示：某拥某物
（2）there be 句型中语单数be 动词is语复数be 动词are件物品be 动词根be 动词名词决定——原
（3）there be 句型否定句be 动词加not 般疑问句be 动词调句首
（4）there be句型have(has) 区：there be 表示某某物（）have(has) 表示某拥某物
（5）someanythere be 句型中运：some 肯定句 any 否定句疑问句
（6）and or there be句型中运：and 肯定句 or 否定句疑问句
（7）针数量提问特殊疑问句基结构： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？How much + 数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
（8）针语提问特殊疑问句基结构： What’s + 介词短语？
（9）There be结构般句子开头have等词某语面
练练：
1恰be动词填空
1) There ______ four seasons in a year
2) There ______not any trees two years ago
3) ______there a post office near your school Yes there ______
4) How many stops ______there There______only one
5) There ______not any stamps on the envelope
6) ______ there any birds in the tree
7) There______ a shopping centre near our school last year But now there______ no one
8) There ______only three of us my dad my mum and me
9) Here ______some bread for you
10) In New York there ______ a lot of rain in spring
2选have has had there is there are there was there were填空
1) I ______a good father and a good mother 2) ______ a telescope on the desk
3) He ______a taperecorder 4) ______a basketball in the playground
5) They ______ a nice garden 6) My father ______ a storybook last year
7) ______a readingroom in the building 8) What does Mike ______
9) ______any books in the bookcase 10) How many students ______in the classroom
11) ______a storybook on the table a moment ago 12) What do you ______
13) My parents ______some nice pictures 14) ______ some maps on the wall
15) ______a map of the world on the wall 16) David’s friends ______ some tents
17) __________ many children on the hill
九someany法
some肯定句any否定句般疑问句请注意例句扩号中说明法
例：There is some water in the glass （肯定句）
There are some flowers in the garden （肯定句）
There aren’t any lamps in the study（否定句）
Are there any maps on the wall（般疑问句）
Would you like some orange juice （希肯定回答）
Do you want to take any photos at the party （般疑问句）
练练：
选someany填空
1) There isn’t ______milk in the fridge
2) I can see______cars but I can’t see______buses
3) He has ______ friends in England
4) Were there ______fruit trees on the farm
5) Here are ______presents for you
6) Does Tom want to take ______ photos
7) Is there______rice in the kitchen
8) There are______new buildings in our school
9)Would you like______ cakes No I’d not like ______cakes but I’d like ______coffee
10) Are there______pictures on the wall No there aren’t ______pictures
十动词定式
1to加动词原形构成种非谓语形式里介词词义
：I want to make a New Year card 想制作张新年贺卡
Would you like to have a picnic with us 愿意起野餐？
2to保留原动词特征带宾语状语等
：To get there faster you can take bus No5 想快点坐5路车
3to前时带疑问词what when where which why how等
：He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there 正问杨玲样达里
总言定记住：to面动词原形
练练：
1扩号中动词适形式填空
1) People would like ________( go ) to farms in the countryside
2) It’s time ________ ( have ) lunch
3) I want ________ ( buy ) some presents for my friends
4) The thief began ________ ( run )
5) Please shouw me how ________ ( go ) to the shopping centre
6) Would you like ________ ( join ) us
7) Don’t forget ________ ( write ) Happy New Year
8) She was very glad ________ ( see ) them
9) Please remember ________ ( close ) the windows before you go home
10) I’m sorry ________ ( hear ) that
2圈出列句子中错误改正
1) Would you like go camping with us
2) Helen show ux how drawing a square
3) I want to writes a letter to my penfriend
4) It’s time for us go to school
5) Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos to his mum
十动名词
实动词现分词名词性质（作语）具动词性质（带宾语）
：Please keep quiet in the reading room 课题：Asking the way中名词性质
My hobby is collecting stamps中动词性质带宾语stamps
1remember（记住）面动名词表示记做某事to+动词原形表示记做某事：
I remember posting the letter today 记天信寄走
Please remember to post the letter today 请记住天信寄走
2forget（忘记）面动名词表示忘记做某事（实际做）to+动词原形表示忘记做某事（实际没做）：
I forget doing homework this morning 忘记天早做作业
I forget to do homework this morning 忘记天早做作业
3stop（停止）面动名词表示停止做某事to+动词原形表示停止正做事做事：
Stop smoking please 请吸烟
We are tired Let’s stop to have a rest 累停休息
4like（喜欢）面动名词表示爱惯意思喜欢干某事to+动词原形常would like to do something表示某想愿意干某事：
I like taking a walk after supper every day 喜欢天晚饭散步
I would like to have some chips 想吃薯条
练练：
1扩号动词适形式填空
1) _________( swim ) is not as fast as running
2) It’s sunny today Let’s go _________ ( fish )
3) Do you like _________ ( read ) English in the morning
4) Are you good at _________ ( dance )
5) Where is the _________ ( shop ) centre
6) Would you like to go _________ ( jog ) with me
7) My hobby is _________ ( play ) football
8) Su Hai likes _________ ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays
2选择扩号动词适形式填空
1) I’m sorry _________ ( hearing to hear ) that
2) Jim is good at _________ ( swimming to swim )
3) Shall we go _________ ( skating to skate )
4) Today my work is _________ ( looking to look ) after the baby
5) I’m going _________ ( flying to fly ) a kite in the playground
6) I like _________ ( playing to play ) basketball after school
7) Would you like _________ ( going to go ) to the Great Wall
8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how ________ ( getting to get ) to the History Museum
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