英语 学科 高中英语语法复专题讲义
第12讲 状语句
状语修饰形容词动词副词整句子成分表示时间点原目结果条件步较方式等充状语部分句子时状语句分类：
1时间状语句 2点状语句 3原状语句
4条件状语句 5步状语句 6目状语句
7结果状语句 8方式状语句 9较状语句
时间状语句
引导词分两部分
as while when whenever before after until ( till ) since as soon as
every time next time the first …time the moment the minute … instantly immediately directly（…………）
1as while when区
连词
法
谓语动词(句）
意义
when
句动作句动作时发生先发生指时间某点指段时间
延续性动词非延续性动词
……时候
as
句动作句动作时发生指时间某点指段时间
延续性动词
非延续性动词
着……
边……边……
……时候
while
句动作句动作时发生强调段时间句中常进行时态般时态
延续性动词
……时候
……期间
When they heard the news they all jumped with joy
I owed Jack 100 when I was in London
The students sang as they walked
As he stood up he dropped the glass breaking it into pieces
While I was reading he came in
I made some foreign friends while I was in London
注意：
1）when作列连词意义时时相and at thisthat time常列句式：
sb was doing sth when某正干某事时……
sb was about to going to do sth when某正算干某事时……
sb had just done sth when某刚干某事时……
2）when表示原然
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk here in five minutes然步行五分钟坐出租车真愚蠢
3）while作列连词意表示
He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music喜欢流行音乐喜欢民间音乐
4）果句表示短暂动作句延续性动词进行时态表示段时间正进行动作时whenwhileas互换
WhenWhileAs I was walking down the streetI came across an old friend of mine街道走时候见老朋友
2表示……连词引导时间状语句
1）as soon as
As soon as he arrives we will start to work
2）the moment the instant the minute the second
instantly immediately directly
The moment I saw him I recognized him
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw her mother
3）hardlyscarcely…when no sooner…than…
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left
3till until not … until
until till
延续性动词（肯定式）+ until till 表示动作延续……止
We walked along the river until till it was dark
瞬间动词（延续性动词否定）+ until till 表示直……发生
He didn’t know anything about it until till I told him
强调句型
It is was until…that …
It was not until the professor came that we began the class
注意：
1）till置句首until置句首
Until you told me I had no idea of it直告诉事解
2）果not until结构放句首句写成倒装句
Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it直指出错误意识
4before since
before
引导时间状语句词义非常灵活
Please make sure you return the book before it’s due ( ……前)
Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other (…………)
Someone call me up in the midnight but he hang up before I could answer the phone (没急…………)
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired (没…………)
Please write down before you forget it (趁……没…………)
since
表示……句般时句完成时
Since he graduated from the college he has worked in this city
5It is + 时间段 + since before 句型
It will won’t be + 时间段+ before 等……时间……长时间……
It was wasn’t + 时间段 + before 长时间……没长时间……
It is has been +时间段+since……已少时间
It will be 2 years before he leaves the country
It wasn’t long before he told me about himself
It is 5 years since he lived here
二点状语句
点状语句连接副词 wherewherever (方) 引导
Just stay where you are
Where there is a will there is a way
You can sit wherever you like
Wherever you go I’ll be right here waiting for you
三原状语句
1because as since now that
because
放句前者表示直接原语气强适合回答why引导疑问句强调句中
I do it because I like it 做件事喜欢
It was because he was late for the class that he was punished by the teacher
注意：
not because结构中not否定because引导整句
The country is not strong because it is large 国强
since
般放句前表示已知显然理（通常翻译成然） 较正式语气because弱
Since you are free today you had better help me with my mathematics
as
表示附带说明双方已知原语气since弱较正式常放句前
As it is raining you’d better take a taxi然雨出租汽车
As you are tired you had better rest然累休息
for
说明句行发生直接原提供辅助性补充说明for引导原状语句放句必须逗号句隔开
He could not have seen me for I was not there见里
2 when seeing that considering that now (that) in that 引导原状语句since引导原状语句意思相表示然
Seeing (that) he refused to help us there’s no reason that we should now help him
Now (that) you are grown up you should not rely on your parents
Considering (that) everybody is here let’s begin our discussion
In that he is ill he feels unable to do it
四条件状语句
1 if unless
if表示正面条件意思果unless (ifnot) 表示反面条件意思非果
If you had come earlier you would have met him
I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the work ahead of time
2in case on condition that providing (that) provided (that) supposing (that) suppose (that) 等词汇意义相意思万假假……条件
In case there is a fire what will we do
Suppose supposing (that) they refuse us who else can we turn to for help
They agree to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend
3as long as so long as引导语气强烈条件状语句意思
I don’t mind where you go as long as you’re back before midnight
4祈句+and or or else otherwise+ 陈述句句型中
Study hard and you will be successful
Study hard or you will fail
One more word and I will beat you flat
五步状语句
1though although
意思然句里面but强调前两部分意义句句首加yetstill
Although though he is rich yet still he is not happy
注意：
though conj外做adv
特殊搭配：even though even if as though as if
2as
然引导步状语句句放句前面句必须倒装常形式：形容词副词名词动词分词+as +语+谓语
Young as he is he can speak several languages
Child as he is he knows a lot
3no matter who ( what when which how where) 相 who ( what when which how where )+ever表示……
Whatever work we do we should do our best
4whetheror意思…………
Whether she comes here or we go there the meeting we be opened on time
⑤while然相although though
While we don’t agree on that we continue to be good friends
六目状语句
1so that in order that
两词表示便引导目状语句常情态动词can could may might 等连in order that引导句置句前者 so that 引导句置句
I am studying hard so that in order that I can go to a famous university
In order that we could save time we used the computer
2for fear that
for fear that 生怕免
Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electricity should leak away
3in case防
I will keep a seat for you in case you change your mind
4so that引导目状语句引导结果状语句区两种句办法两：
1）目状语句里带情态动词can could may might等
2）意思目状语句表示目明确
Speak clearly so that they may understand you (目状语句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest (结果状语句)
5so such…that 引导结果状语句so such …as 引导定语句区
so such…that 引导结果状语句时that句中做成分起连接作
It such a moving film that we all want to see it
so such…as 引导定语句 as 句中做语者宾语
It such a moving film as we all want to see
七结果状语句
1结果状语句so…that such…that表示…致
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her
My pencil fell under the desk so that I couldn’t see it
1so…that语suchthat 异
1）sothat引导结果状语句中so副词形容词连结构：so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 句
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word
The hall is so big that it can hold 2000 people
2）such…that引导结果状语句中such形容词修饰单数复数数名词数名词名词前面带形容词带果单数数名词前面需加定冠词aan
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the midterm examination
时述两种结构互换
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again
The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again
3）果名词前many much little few等词修饰时so such
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you
八方式状语句
描述句动作进行方式状语称方式状语通常列词语引导：as just as as if as though the way (that) in the way (that)等
We must do as the Party tells us
Leave the things as they are
Most plants need sunlight just as they need water
It sounds as if it is raining
They did it in a way that I had never seen before没见方式行事
As water is to fish so air is to man离开空气犹鱼离开水
九较状语句
较状语句常列词语引导：as …as not so as … as more…than less … than the more + adj adv the more + adj adv
He is not so as healthy as his brother
They jumped up and down as hard as they could
John is less clever than Peter
The busier he is the happier he feels
The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be
十总结
1注意区分句：
引导什句仅根连词根句子结构句意判whereas例引导种句
You are to find it where you left it（点状语句）
Tell me the address where he lives （定语句句中先行词）
I don’t know where he came from（宾语句）
Where he has gone is not known yet （语句）
This place is where they once hid（表语句）
2as 状语句中
She sang as she worked
Smart as he is he doesn’t study hard
You must try to do as I did
She doesn’t do her work as carefully as I
As she was late for class she had to say sorry
3部分状语句省略形式：
even if if once while though unless when as if etc
The flower his friends gave him will die unless (it is) watered every day
Even if (I am) invited I won’t go there
Once (you are) caught sleeping in class you’ll be punished by your headteacher
Though (he was) surprised to see us he gave us a warm welcome
She won’t speak to anyone unless (she is) asked to
When ( it is ) compared with the old one our new house is really like a palace
These young man volunteered to go wherever (they are) needed
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第12讲 状语句
状语修饰形容词动词副词整句子成分表示时间点原目结果条件步较方式等充状语部分句子时状语句分类：
1时间状语句 2点状语句 3原状语句
4条件状语句 5步状语句 6目状语句
7结果状语句 8方式状语句 9较状语句
时间状语句
引导词分两部分
as while when whenever before after until ( till ) since as soon as
every time next time the first …time the moment the minute … instantly immediately directly（…………）
1as while when区
连词
法
谓语动词(句）
意义
when
句动作句动作时发生先发生指时间某点指段时间
延续性动词非延续性动词
……时候
as
句动作句动作时发生指时间某点指段时间
延续性动词
非延续性动词
着……
边……边……
……时候
while
句动作句动作时发生强调段时间句中常进行时态般时态
延续性动词
……时候
……期间
When they heard the news they all jumped with joy
I owed Jack 100 when I was in London
The students sang as they walked
As he stood up he dropped the glass breaking it into pieces
While I was reading he came in
I made some foreign friends while I was in London
注意：
1）when作列连词意义时时相and at thisthat time常列句式：
sb was doing sth when某正干某事时……
sb was about to going to do sth when某正算干某事时……
sb had just done sth when某刚干某事时……
2）when表示原然
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk here in five minutes然步行五分钟坐出租车真愚蠢
3）while作列连词意表示
He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music喜欢流行音乐喜欢民间音乐
4）果句表示短暂动作句延续性动词进行时态表示段时间正进行动作时whenwhileas互换
WhenWhileAs I was walking down the streetI came across an old friend of mine街道走时候见老朋友
2表示……连词引导时间状语句
1）as soon as
As soon as he arrives we will start to work
2）the moment the instant the minute the second
instantly immediately directly
The moment I saw him I recognized him
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw her mother
3）hardlyscarcely…when no sooner…than…
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left
3till until not … until
until till
延续性动词（肯定式）+ until till 表示动作延续……止
We walked along the river until till it was dark
瞬间动词（延续性动词否定）+ until till 表示直……发生
He didn’t know anything about it until till I told him
强调句型
It is was until…that …
It was not until the professor came that we began the class
注意：
1）till置句首until置句首
Until you told me I had no idea of it直告诉事解
2）果not until结构放句首句写成倒装句
Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it直指出错误意识
4before since
before
引导时间状语句词义非常灵活
Please make sure you return the book before it’s due ( ……前)
Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other (…………)
Someone call me up in the midnight but he hang up before I could answer the phone (没急…………)
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired (没…………)
Please write down before you forget it (趁……没…………)
since
表示……句般时句完成时
Since he graduated from the college he has worked in this city
5It is + 时间段 + since before 句型
It will won’t be + 时间段+ before 等……时间……长时间……
It was wasn’t + 时间段 + before 长时间……没长时间……
It is has been +时间段+since……已少时间
It will be 2 years before he leaves the country
It wasn’t long before he told me about himself
It is 5 years since he lived here
二点状语句
点状语句连接副词 wherewherever (方) 引导
Just stay where you are
Where there is a will there is a way
You can sit wherever you like
Wherever you go I’ll be right here waiting for you
三原状语句
1because as since now that
because
放句前者表示直接原语气强适合回答why引导疑问句强调句中
I do it because I like it 做件事喜欢
It was because he was late for the class that he was punished by the teacher
注意：
not because结构中not否定because引导整句
The country is not strong because it is large 国强
since
般放句前表示已知显然理（通常翻译成然） 较正式语气because弱
Since you are free today you had better help me with my mathematics
as
表示附带说明双方已知原语气since弱较正式常放句前
As it is raining you’d better take a taxi然雨出租汽车
As you are tired you had better rest然累休息
for
说明句行发生直接原提供辅助性补充说明for引导原状语句放句必须逗号句隔开
He could not have seen me for I was not there见里
2 when seeing that considering that now (that) in that 引导原状语句since引导原状语句意思相表示然
Seeing (that) he refused to help us there’s no reason that we should now help him
Now (that) you are grown up you should not rely on your parents
Considering (that) everybody is here let’s begin our discussion
In that he is ill he feels unable to do it
四条件状语句
1 if unless
if表示正面条件意思果unless (ifnot) 表示反面条件意思非果
If you had come earlier you would have met him
I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the work ahead of time
2in case on condition that providing (that) provided (that) supposing (that) suppose (that) 等词汇意义相意思万假假……条件
In case there is a fire what will we do
Suppose supposing (that) they refuse us who else can we turn to for help
They agree to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend
3as long as so long as引导语气强烈条件状语句意思
I don’t mind where you go as long as you’re back before midnight
4祈句+and or or else otherwise+ 陈述句句型中
Study hard and you will be successful
Study hard or you will fail
One more word and I will beat you flat
五步状语句
1though although
意思然句里面but强调前两部分意义句句首加yetstill
Although though he is rich yet still he is not happy
注意：
though conj外做adv
特殊搭配：even though even if as though as if
2as
然引导步状语句句放句前面句必须倒装常形式：形容词副词名词动词分词+as +语+谓语
Young as he is he can speak several languages
Child as he is he knows a lot
3no matter who ( what when which how where) 相 who ( what when which how where )+ever表示……
Whatever work we do we should do our best
4whetheror意思…………
Whether she comes here or we go there the meeting we be opened on time
⑤while然相although though
While we don’t agree on that we continue to be good friends
六目状语句
1so that in order that
两词表示便引导目状语句常情态动词can could may might 等连in order that引导句置句前者 so that 引导句置句
I am studying hard so that in order that I can go to a famous university
In order that we could save time we used the computer
2for fear that
for fear that 生怕免
Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electricity should leak away
3in case防
I will keep a seat for you in case you change your mind
4so that引导目状语句引导结果状语句区两种句办法两：
1）目状语句里带情态动词can could may might等
2）意思目状语句表示目明确
Speak clearly so that they may understand you (目状语句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest (结果状语句)
5so such…that 引导结果状语句so such …as 引导定语句区
so such…that 引导结果状语句时that句中做成分起连接作
It such a moving film that we all want to see it
so such…as 引导定语句 as 句中做语者宾语
It such a moving film as we all want to see
七结果状语句
1结果状语句so…that such…that表示…致
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her
My pencil fell under the desk so that I couldn’t see it
1so…that语suchthat 异
1）sothat引导结果状语句中so副词形容词连结构：so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 句
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word
The hall is so big that it can hold 2000 people
2）such…that引导结果状语句中such形容词修饰单数复数数名词数名词名词前面带形容词带果单数数名词前面需加定冠词aan
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the midterm examination
时述两种结构互换
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again
The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again
3）果名词前many much little few等词修饰时so such
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you
八方式状语句
描述句动作进行方式状语称方式状语通常列词语引导：as just as as if as though the way (that) in the way (that)等
We must do as the Party tells us
Leave the things as they are
Most plants need sunlight just as they need water
It sounds as if it is raining
They did it in a way that I had never seen before没见方式行事
As water is to fish so air is to man离开空气犹鱼离开水
九较状语句
较状语句常列词语引导：as …as not so as … as more…than less … than the more + adj adv the more + adj adv
He is not so as healthy as his brother
They jumped up and down as hard as they could
John is less clever than Peter
The busier he is the happier he feels
The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be
十总结
1注意区分句：
引导什句仅根连词根句子结构句意判whereas例引导种句
You are to find it where you left it（点状语句）
Tell me the address where he lives （定语句句中先行词）
I don’t know where he came from（宾语句）
Where he has gone is not known yet （语句）
This place is where they once hid（表语句）
2as 状语句中
She sang as she worked
Smart as he is he doesn’t study hard
You must try to do as I did
She doesn’t do her work as carefully as I
As she was late for class she had to say sorry
3部分状语句省略形式：
even if if once while though unless when as if etc
The flower his friends gave him will die unless (it is) watered every day
Even if (I am) invited I won’t go there
Once (you are) caught sleeping in class you’ll be punished by your headteacher
Though (he was) surprised to see us he gave us a warm welcome
She won’t speak to anyone unless (she is) asked to
When ( it is ) compared with the old one our new house is really like a palace
These young man volunteered to go wherever (they are) needed
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《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
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