考点分类练(十) 词句猜测题——代词指代类
A
(2021·山东淄博模)
Several years ago when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring it was not popular to talk about it Today people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones
There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them recording everything they do Such programmes may infect not only computers but also smartphones Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not exposing your private information or by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spyware to provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime
In my opinion the protection technique is highly overestimated Users tape the cameras and microphones through lack of understanding of how their devices work and how the malware(恶意软件) works Hackers and even secret services do not have enough resources to monitor all victims using the cameras or microphones If they need to get any information they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device which will not be stopped by the tapes Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks browser history bank accounts and so on
It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you even if the device discharged to zero can still deliver data about your location using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters Let us face it we live in an era when it is extremely difficult to hide something and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy
Again to be able to spy on you attackers need to plant the malware in your device To prevent the malware from entering your device do not click suspected links and email attachments Use strong passwords for email social media and online bank accounts
1What does the underlined word them in paragraph 2 refer to
ACameras BTypes
CProgrammes DDevices
2What is NSO Group
AA group of hackers
BA company developing spyware
CA group of terrorists and criminals
DA company fighting against crime
3Why does the author think the protection technique is highly overestimated
APeople know little about their devices
BHackers have no access to others
CIt hardly prevents the malware from getting privacy
DIt can’t cover the cameras completely
B
(2021·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)
Ever since she received a little toy airliner as a birthday gift Kate has been attracted by flight From flying remotecontrolled airplanes to building her own model ones Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions but only until recently has she been able to take that to new heights
When Kate heard about the Upwind Scholarship from her school counselor she knew it was an extraordinary opportunity to realise her dream The programme’s mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilot’s license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge
After completing a lengthy application and her subsequent acceptance into the programme Kate began her training last spring Normally recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying Due to the pandemic however Kate spent hours each weekend studying online lessons in her room whenever she got a break from homework Once summer came around Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school reviewing flight training from nine to five every dayIt was the toughest part of the programme Kate said
After completing that portion of ground school Kate was finally able to begin flying at the San Carlos Airport with the other scholarship recipients from around the Bay Area Flying especially for firsttimers like Kate is a handson process involving lots of checklists to make sure the important tasks are being taken care of
Now having finished the programme and earned her PPL Kate plans on training as a flight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future
She credits the Upwind Scholarship to all she’s been able to accomplish so far and hopes that anyone who shares her passion will look into itIt is a very hard scholarship to win and you have to be truly interested in flight Kate saidIt can’t be something like Oh why don’t I try flying this summer’ You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put effort into succeeding in the programme
4What does the underlined word that in paragraph 1 refer to
AHer skill of building model airplanes
BHer wish to travel around the world
CHer childhood dream of becoming a pilot
DHer desire to fly remotecontrolled airplanes
5What is the goal of the Upwind Scholarship
ATo help students in need to achieve their dreams
BTo provide necessary training for private pilots for free
CTo give students expert advice on earning a scholarship
DTo prepare high school students to become a private pilot
6What did Kate do in ground school
AShe took online lessons on flying
BShe went over the fundamentals of flying
CShe did some research into the pandemic
DShe finished applying for the programme
7Which of the following best describes Kate
AConfident and aggressive
BStrongwilled and patient
CDemanding and courageous
DAmbitious and hardworking
C
(2021·河北秦皇岛二模)
Every four or five years vast quantities of warm water build up along the west coast of South America This phenomenon El Niño creates storms that cause destructive floods The result is costly
Modern farmers come to terms with El Niño They use money saved in good years to rebuild in bad ones But history suggests it need not be like that In a paper published recently Ari Caramanica an archaeologist in Lima shows how it used to be done And the answer seems to be better
Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan a coastal desert plain in northern Peru It is not suitable for farming Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in nonNiño years is usually less than two centimetres Today’s farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields
It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement—and so they did But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms She thought that they were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving during Niño years Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure of this area seemed to have been built only for managing Niñogenerated floodwaters
Evidence from pollen supports this theory revealing that the Pampa de Mocan produced lots of crops in some years while remaining nearly barren in others The team also uncovered two cisterns(蓄水箱) in the area serviced by the extended canals These probably were used to store extra floodwaters
These findings suggest that rather than resisting El Niño early farmers in the Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived Modern farmers might do well to learn from them
8What does the recent study focus on
ALiving with El Niño
BEffects of El Niño
CFarming in the desert
DWater shortage in Peru
9What does the underlined word they in paragraph 4 refer to
AAncient farmers BRivers
CFarms DCanals
10What lesson can be learned from early farmers
AEvery advantage has its disadvantage
BIn every difficulty lies an opportunity
CSharp tools make good work
DIt’s never too late to mend
11In which section of a website may this text appear
AEducation BTravel
CBusiness DScience
考点分类练(十) 词句猜测题——代词指代类
语篇导读文篇说明文文章讲述保护设备隐私
1D 解析代词指代题根第二段 There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them recording everything they do 知 许类型间谍软件潜入设备秘密监视 记录做切推知 画线词them指代前面提devices选D项
2B 解析推理判断题根第二段 by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spyware to provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime’ 知 公司研发某种间谍软件授权政府提供助击恐怖行动犯罪科技选B项
3C 解析推理判断题题干信息定位文章第三段首句 根第三段 If they need to get any information they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device which will not be stopped by the tapes Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks browser history bank accounts and so on 知 种保护技术难阻止恶意软件获取隐私选C项
语篇导读文篇记叙文文章讲述凯特爱飞行 实现成名飞行员梦想做出努力
4C 解析代词指代题根画线词前句提Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions第二段开头提it was an extraordinary opportunity to realise her dream知 凯特爱飞行 驾驶飞机梦想推测 that指代 想成名飞行员梦想选C项
5D 解析细节理解题根第二段 The programme’s mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilot’s license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge 知 目标高中生成名私飞行员做准备选D项
6B 解析细节理解题根第三段 recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school reviewing flight training 知 凯特面学校回顾飞行基础知识选B项
7D 解析推理判断题根倒数第二段容推断 凯特志 段中凯特说话 It is a very hard scholarship to win and you have to be truly interested in flight You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put effort into succeeding in the programme 知 凯特获奖学金努力推断 凯特雄心壮志 梦想非常努力选D项
语篇导读文篇说明文发表篇文中 位考古学家展示农民利厄尔尼诺现象帮助农业生产 文章介绍研究开展程发现
8A 解析细节理解题根第二段 Modern farmers come to terms with El Niño In a paper published recently shows how it used to be done And the answer seems to be better’ 知 研究集中厄尔尼诺现象存选A项
9D 解析代词指代题根画线词前句 But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms 面were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving during Niño years知 Caramanica博士认文提八条运河引洪推知 they指代 运河选D项
10B 解析推理判断题根段 These findings suggest that rather than resisting El Niño early farmers in the Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived 知 厄尔尼诺现象时 早期农民没进行抵制 做利准备推知 早期农民里学 困难中蕴藏着机会 道理选B项
11D 解析推理判断题通读文章知 发表篇文中 位考古学家展示农民利厄尔尼诺现象帮助农业生产 文章正介绍研究开展程发现推知 文章选网站 科学 版面选D项
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A
(2021·山东淄博模)
Several years ago when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring it was not popular to talk about it Today people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones
There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them recording everything they do Such programmes may infect not only computers but also smartphones Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not exposing your private information or by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spyware to provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime
In my opinion the protection technique is highly overestimated Users tape the cameras and microphones through lack of understanding of how their devices work and how the malware(恶意软件) works Hackers and even secret services do not have enough resources to monitor all victims using the cameras or microphones If they need to get any information they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device which will not be stopped by the tapes Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks browser history bank accounts and so on
It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you even if the device discharged to zero can still deliver data about your location using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters Let us face it we live in an era when it is extremely difficult to hide something and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy
Again to be able to spy on you attackers need to plant the malware in your device To prevent the malware from entering your device do not click suspected links and email attachments Use strong passwords for email social media and online bank accounts
1What does the underlined word them in paragraph 2 refer to
ACameras BTypes
CProgrammes DDevices
2What is NSO Group
AA group of hackers
BA company developing spyware
CA group of terrorists and criminals
DA company fighting against crime
3Why does the author think the protection technique is highly overestimated
APeople know little about their devices
BHackers have no access to others
CIt hardly prevents the malware from getting privacy
DIt can’t cover the cameras completely
B
(2021·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)
Ever since she received a little toy airliner as a birthday gift Kate has been attracted by flight From flying remotecontrolled airplanes to building her own model ones Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions but only until recently has she been able to take that to new heights
When Kate heard about the Upwind Scholarship from her school counselor she knew it was an extraordinary opportunity to realise her dream The programme’s mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilot’s license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge
After completing a lengthy application and her subsequent acceptance into the programme Kate began her training last spring Normally recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying Due to the pandemic however Kate spent hours each weekend studying online lessons in her room whenever she got a break from homework Once summer came around Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school reviewing flight training from nine to five every dayIt was the toughest part of the programme Kate said
After completing that portion of ground school Kate was finally able to begin flying at the San Carlos Airport with the other scholarship recipients from around the Bay Area Flying especially for firsttimers like Kate is a handson process involving lots of checklists to make sure the important tasks are being taken care of
Now having finished the programme and earned her PPL Kate plans on training as a flight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future
She credits the Upwind Scholarship to all she’s been able to accomplish so far and hopes that anyone who shares her passion will look into itIt is a very hard scholarship to win and you have to be truly interested in flight Kate saidIt can’t be something like Oh why don’t I try flying this summer’ You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put effort into succeeding in the programme
4What does the underlined word that in paragraph 1 refer to
AHer skill of building model airplanes
BHer wish to travel around the world
CHer childhood dream of becoming a pilot
DHer desire to fly remotecontrolled airplanes
5What is the goal of the Upwind Scholarship
ATo help students in need to achieve their dreams
BTo provide necessary training for private pilots for free
CTo give students expert advice on earning a scholarship
DTo prepare high school students to become a private pilot
6What did Kate do in ground school
AShe took online lessons on flying
BShe went over the fundamentals of flying
CShe did some research into the pandemic
DShe finished applying for the programme
7Which of the following best describes Kate
AConfident and aggressive
BStrongwilled and patient
CDemanding and courageous
DAmbitious and hardworking
C
(2021·河北秦皇岛二模)
Every four or five years vast quantities of warm water build up along the west coast of South America This phenomenon El Niño creates storms that cause destructive floods The result is costly
Modern farmers come to terms with El Niño They use money saved in good years to rebuild in bad ones But history suggests it need not be like that In a paper published recently Ari Caramanica an archaeologist in Lima shows how it used to be done And the answer seems to be better
Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan a coastal desert plain in northern Peru It is not suitable for farming Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in nonNiño years is usually less than two centimetres Today’s farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields
It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement—and so they did But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms She thought that they were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving during Niño years Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure of this area seemed to have been built only for managing Niñogenerated floodwaters
Evidence from pollen supports this theory revealing that the Pampa de Mocan produced lots of crops in some years while remaining nearly barren in others The team also uncovered two cisterns(蓄水箱) in the area serviced by the extended canals These probably were used to store extra floodwaters
These findings suggest that rather than resisting El Niño early farmers in the Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived Modern farmers might do well to learn from them
8What does the recent study focus on
ALiving with El Niño
BEffects of El Niño
CFarming in the desert
DWater shortage in Peru
9What does the underlined word they in paragraph 4 refer to
AAncient farmers BRivers
CFarms DCanals
10What lesson can be learned from early farmers
AEvery advantage has its disadvantage
BIn every difficulty lies an opportunity
CSharp tools make good work
DIt’s never too late to mend
11In which section of a website may this text appear
AEducation BTravel
CBusiness DScience
考点分类练(十) 词句猜测题——代词指代类
语篇导读文篇说明文文章讲述保护设备隐私
1D 解析代词指代题根第二段 There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them recording everything they do 知 许类型间谍软件潜入设备秘密监视 记录做切推知 画线词them指代前面提devices选D项
2B 解析推理判断题根第二段 by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spyware to provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime’ 知 公司研发某种间谍软件授权政府提供助击恐怖行动犯罪科技选B项
3C 解析推理判断题题干信息定位文章第三段首句 根第三段 If they need to get any information they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device which will not be stopped by the tapes Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks browser history bank accounts and so on 知 种保护技术难阻止恶意软件获取隐私选C项
语篇导读文篇记叙文文章讲述凯特爱飞行 实现成名飞行员梦想做出努力
4C 解析代词指代题根画线词前句提Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions第二段开头提it was an extraordinary opportunity to realise her dream知 凯特爱飞行 驾驶飞机梦想推测 that指代 想成名飞行员梦想选C项
5D 解析细节理解题根第二段 The programme’s mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilot’s license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge 知 目标高中生成名私飞行员做准备选D项
6B 解析细节理解题根第三段 recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school reviewing flight training 知 凯特面学校回顾飞行基础知识选B项
7D 解析推理判断题根倒数第二段容推断 凯特志 段中凯特说话 It is a very hard scholarship to win and you have to be truly interested in flight You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put effort into succeeding in the programme 知 凯特获奖学金努力推断 凯特雄心壮志 梦想非常努力选D项
语篇导读文篇说明文发表篇文中 位考古学家展示农民利厄尔尼诺现象帮助农业生产 文章介绍研究开展程发现
8A 解析细节理解题根第二段 Modern farmers come to terms with El Niño In a paper published recently shows how it used to be done And the answer seems to be better’ 知 研究集中厄尔尼诺现象存选A项
9D 解析代词指代题根画线词前句 But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms 面were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving during Niño years知 Caramanica博士认文提八条运河引洪推知 they指代 运河选D项
10B 解析推理判断题根段 These findings suggest that rather than resisting El Niño early farmers in the Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived 知 厄尔尼诺现象时 早期农民没进行抵制 做利准备推知 早期农民里学 困难中蕴藏着机会 道理选B项
11D 解析推理判断题通读文章知 发表篇文中 位考古学家展示农民利厄尔尼诺现象帮助农业生产 文章正介绍研究开展程发现推知 文章选网站 科学 版面选D项
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
