CONTRASTIVE STUDIES OF ENGLISH AND CHINESE
The Pleasure of Reading 读书乐趣
⑴All the wisdom of the agesall the stories that have delighted mankind for centuriesare easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from itThe most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books
类世世代代聪明智千百年令陶醉事轻易举需耗费许钱财便书中获必须知道获取财富中吸取教益世幸者未领略阅读佳作乐趣
⑵I am most interested in peoplein them and finding out about themSome of the most remarkable people I've met existed only in a writer's imaginationthen on the pages of his bookand thenagainin my imaginationI've found in books new friendsnew societiesnew words
极感兴趣身发现生感兴趣结识卓越物仅寓作家想象中生活某作品中然存想象中书中结识新朋友解新社会形式学会新言词
⑶If i am interested in peopleothers are interested not so much in who as in howWho in the books includes everybody from science fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first figures in historyHow covers everything from the ingenious explanations of Sherlock Holmes to the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children
果说感兴趣兴趣物书中物包括科幻说中描写两百世纪超直历史早包括关福尔摩斯案情巧妙叙述众科学发现教育孩子识礼方法
⑷Reading is pleasure of the mindwhich means that it is a little like a sport your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good readerReading is funnot because the writer is telling you somethingbut because it makes your mind workYour own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond hisYour experiencecompared with hisbrings you to the same or different conclusionsand your ideas develop as you understand his
读书精神享受说读书点体育运动求知欲知识机智敏捷成善读书读书种乐趣非作者讲述什读书开动脑筋思考想象作者想象驰骋甚超越作者想象历作者历相应出相结着作者思想理解思想会发展
⑸Every book stands by itselflike a onefamily housebut books in a library are like houses in a cityAlthough they are separatetogether they all add up to somethingthey are connected with each other and with other citiesThe same ideasor related onesturn up in different placesthe human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literaturebut with different solutions according to different writings at different timesBooks influence each otherthey link the pastthe present and the future and have their own generationslike familiesWherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideasand in the long runyou not only find out about the world and the people in ityou find out about yourselftoo
部书独门独户房舍孑然立图书馆藏书城市中鳞次栉建筑成体构成整体仅间相互关联城市相互联系相者相关联观点方出现类生活中反复遇问题文字作品中反复出现解决方法时期作品中相径庭书间相互影响现紧密联系起代代形家族时读起会某观点联系起长远仅仅书中解世界理解生会认识
⑹Reading can only be fun if you expect it to beIf you concentrate on books somebody tells you you ought to readyou probably won't have funBut if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something to youand then relax with ityou will almost certainly have a good timeand if you becomeas a result of readingbetterwiserkinderor more gentleyou won't have suffered during the process
读书作种乐趣成乐趣假注意力放告诉该读书觉索然寡味假放喜欢书试直找意义书然心情轻松读肯定会感乐穷假博览群书变更高尚聪慧善良文雅会觉读书种负担
1英语中形态变化汉语没严格意义形态变化
英语通行变化改变词性词灵活组句表达相意思
文中第1段中discover作动词第3段中discoveries词形变化改变词性表达意思相发现（P2）
2构形形态表达语法意义形式变化
文中第1段英语表达中agesstoriescenturies形式变化表示单复数汉语中世代事世纪没形式变化单复数形（P3）
3英语词序较灵活汉语词序相固定
汉语定语般名词前面英语定语许情况通形态变化助连接词语置名词前位置较灵活文章第1段中all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuriesthat引导定语句定语置名词翻译成汉语千百年令陶醉事定语置名词前符合中国表达惯（P9）
4英汉量虚词特点
英语中常定冠词定冠词英语特点文章第3段4次定冠词the时汉语丰富彩助词汉语特点文章第3段译文中出现8次法助词部分相英语形态变化部分左右结构（P15P16）
5英语形合法
英语造句常种形式手段连接词语分句句注重显性接应（over cohesion）注重句子形式注重结构完整注重形显义中which that等关系词连接定语句宾语句时andbut or等连接词连接词词组分句句英语造句离开关系词连接词汉语少甚词文章第4段句翻译想象作者想象驰骋甚超越作者想象历作者历相应出相结着作者思想理解思想会发展（P48~P49）
6英语造句离开介词汉语常常省略介词
文章第5段中bylikeinwithtoof等介词句子生动形象翻译成汉语没具体汉语意思翻译例文章第5段stands by itself翻译成汉语没特定意思（P51）
7汉语意合法
汉语造句注重隐性连贯（covert coherence）注重功意义注重神统形四字格汉语里广运语言形式文章第5段Every book stands by itselflike a onefamily housebut books in a library are like houses in a cityAlthough they are separatetogether they all add up to somethingthey are connected with each other and with other cities翻译成汉语部书房舍图书馆藏书城市中建筑构成整体仅间相互关联城市相互联系中独门独户孑然立鳞次栉成体四字格更符合中国表达惯（P53~P57）
8西洋做文章语言化零整中国做文章胡说化整零
根述英汉特点英译汉时常常需破句重组化整简例文章第5段Wherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideasand in the long runyou not only find out about the world and the people in ityou find out about yourselftoo翻译时读起会某观点联系起长远仅仅书中解世界理解生会认识句子简明具体形象生动（P68）
9英语常非称语汉语常称语
英语类非称语句采灵语（inanimate subject）表示抽象概念例文章第6段Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be翻译读书作种乐趣成乐趣翻译更符合汉语表达惯（P77）
10动词连时汉语中常见现象
汉语连动式兼句式句子包含着两两动词例文章第1段but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from it翻译必须知道财富中该句中必须知道获取吸取教益动词连翻译成汉语符合汉语表达惯（
P119）
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The Pleasure of Reading 读书乐趣
⑴All the wisdom of the agesall the stories that have delighted mankind for centuriesare easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from itThe most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books
类世世代代聪明智千百年令陶醉事轻易举需耗费许钱财便书中获必须知道获取财富中吸取教益世幸者未领略阅读佳作乐趣
⑵I am most interested in peoplein them and finding out about themSome of the most remarkable people I've met existed only in a writer's imaginationthen on the pages of his bookand thenagainin my imaginationI've found in books new friendsnew societiesnew words
极感兴趣身发现生感兴趣结识卓越物仅寓作家想象中生活某作品中然存想象中书中结识新朋友解新社会形式学会新言词
⑶If i am interested in peopleothers are interested not so much in who as in howWho in the books includes everybody from science fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first figures in historyHow covers everything from the ingenious explanations of Sherlock Holmes to the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children
果说感兴趣兴趣物书中物包括科幻说中描写两百世纪超直历史早包括关福尔摩斯案情巧妙叙述众科学发现教育孩子识礼方法
⑷Reading is pleasure of the mindwhich means that it is a little like a sport your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good readerReading is funnot because the writer is telling you somethingbut because it makes your mind workYour own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond hisYour experiencecompared with hisbrings you to the same or different conclusionsand your ideas develop as you understand his
读书精神享受说读书点体育运动求知欲知识机智敏捷成善读书读书种乐趣非作者讲述什读书开动脑筋思考想象作者想象驰骋甚超越作者想象历作者历相应出相结着作者思想理解思想会发展
⑸Every book stands by itselflike a onefamily housebut books in a library are like houses in a cityAlthough they are separatetogether they all add up to somethingthey are connected with each other and with other citiesThe same ideasor related onesturn up in different placesthe human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literaturebut with different solutions according to different writings at different timesBooks influence each otherthey link the pastthe present and the future and have their own generationslike familiesWherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideasand in the long runyou not only find out about the world and the people in ityou find out about yourselftoo
部书独门独户房舍孑然立图书馆藏书城市中鳞次栉建筑成体构成整体仅间相互关联城市相互联系相者相关联观点方出现类生活中反复遇问题文字作品中反复出现解决方法时期作品中相径庭书间相互影响现紧密联系起代代形家族时读起会某观点联系起长远仅仅书中解世界理解生会认识
⑹Reading can only be fun if you expect it to beIf you concentrate on books somebody tells you you ought to readyou probably won't have funBut if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something to youand then relax with ityou will almost certainly have a good timeand if you becomeas a result of readingbetterwiserkinderor more gentleyou won't have suffered during the process
读书作种乐趣成乐趣假注意力放告诉该读书觉索然寡味假放喜欢书试直找意义书然心情轻松读肯定会感乐穷假博览群书变更高尚聪慧善良文雅会觉读书种负担
1英语中形态变化汉语没严格意义形态变化
英语通行变化改变词性词灵活组句表达相意思
文中第1段中discover作动词第3段中discoveries词形变化改变词性表达意思相发现（P2）
2构形形态表达语法意义形式变化
文中第1段英语表达中agesstoriescenturies形式变化表示单复数汉语中世代事世纪没形式变化单复数形（P3）
3英语词序较灵活汉语词序相固定
汉语定语般名词前面英语定语许情况通形态变化助连接词语置名词前位置较灵活文章第1段中all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuriesthat引导定语句定语置名词翻译成汉语千百年令陶醉事定语置名词前符合中国表达惯（P9）
4英汉量虚词特点
英语中常定冠词定冠词英语特点文章第3段4次定冠词the时汉语丰富彩助词汉语特点文章第3段译文中出现8次法助词部分相英语形态变化部分左右结构（P15P16）
5英语形合法
英语造句常种形式手段连接词语分句句注重显性接应（over cohesion）注重句子形式注重结构完整注重形显义中which that等关系词连接定语句宾语句时andbut or等连接词连接词词组分句句英语造句离开关系词连接词汉语少甚词文章第4段句翻译想象作者想象驰骋甚超越作者想象历作者历相应出相结着作者思想理解思想会发展（P48~P49）
6英语造句离开介词汉语常常省略介词
文章第5段中bylikeinwithtoof等介词句子生动形象翻译成汉语没具体汉语意思翻译例文章第5段stands by itself翻译成汉语没特定意思（P51）
7汉语意合法
汉语造句注重隐性连贯（covert coherence）注重功意义注重神统形四字格汉语里广运语言形式文章第5段Every book stands by itselflike a onefamily housebut books in a library are like houses in a cityAlthough they are separatetogether they all add up to somethingthey are connected with each other and with other cities翻译成汉语部书房舍图书馆藏书城市中建筑构成整体仅间相互关联城市相互联系中独门独户孑然立鳞次栉成体四字格更符合中国表达惯（P53~P57）
8西洋做文章语言化零整中国做文章胡说化整零
根述英汉特点英译汉时常常需破句重组化整简例文章第5段Wherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideasand in the long runyou not only find out about the world and the people in ityou find out about yourselftoo翻译时读起会某观点联系起长远仅仅书中解世界理解生会认识句子简明具体形象生动（P68）
9英语常非称语汉语常称语
英语类非称语句采灵语（inanimate subject）表示抽象概念例文章第6段Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be翻译读书作种乐趣成乐趣翻译更符合汉语表达惯（P77）
10动词连时汉语中常见现象
汉语连动式兼句式句子包含着两两动词例文章第1段but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from it翻译必须知道财富中该句中必须知道获取吸取教益动词连翻译成汉语符合汉语表达惯（
P119）
文香网httpwwwxiangdangnet
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