（15）Unit 4 Living with technology
阅读理解
1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research Recent studies have found positive effects A study conducted in Youngstown Ohio for example discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime In another employees were shown to be 15 more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse even unusual functions These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they＇re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater We＇re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day explained Michael Strano a professor of chemical engineering at MIT
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables Strano＇s team found that they could create a faint light for threeandahalf hours The light about onethousandth of the amount needed to read by is just a start The technology Strano said could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into selfpowered street lamps
In the future the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off switch where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight
Lighting accounts for about 7 of the total electricity consumed in the US Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输) Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy
1What is the first paragraph mainly about
AA new study of different plants BA big fall in crime rates
CEmployees from various workplaces DBenefits from green plants
2What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
ATo detect plants＇ lack of water BTo change compositions of plants
CTo make the life of plants longer DTo test chemicals in plants
3What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
AThey will speed up energy production BThey may transmit electricity to the home
CThey might help reduce energy consumption DThey could take the place of power plants
4Which of the following can be the best title for the text
ACan we grow more glowing plants BHow do we live with glowing plants
CCould glowing plants replace lamps DHow are glowing plants made pollutionfree
2 Would you save a woman a child or a dog in a car crash An experiment has investigated human morality (道德观) and ranked countries based on who they would save in the event of a certain death situation
The findings show the value of life varies according to different countries French people for example are far more likely to save women than men Lithuania ranks in the top 10 for saving both the young and the healthy The four characters most people saved in the experiment are a baby a little girl a little boy and a pregnant woman
The experiment put forward difficult ethical (伦理) decisions such as choosing between the lives of a family of four crossing the road and a group of old people going the other way Quandaries(两难境) like this will one day be faced by autonomous vehicles that will be programmed with rules that place value on human life
Tests into the moral decisions involving almost forty million people around the world including the English have found that the lives of women and men are widely held in equal regard The French however resist the trend as they think the lives of women have far more weight than those of men
Dr Edmond Awad of the MIT Media Lab who is the lead author said The study is basically trying to understand the kinds of moral decisions that driverless cars might have to turn to We don＇t know yet how they should do that He added we find that there are three elements that people seem to approve of the most
These are that humans are saved over animals that many people are saved rather than a few and that the young are saved rather than the old
Dr Awad added The main preferences are to some degree universally agreed upon But the degree to which they agree with this varies among different groups or countries
1According to Para 2 which of the following is least likely to be saved in danger
AA little girl BA little boy CA pregnant woman DAn old man
2Why did the experiment come up with different ethical decisions
AThe value should be placed on human life
BIt＇s very interesting to do this kind of experiment
CSelfdriving cars will one day face the same decisions
DIt＇s very dangerous for a family of four to cross the road
3In which aspect is France different from other countries on their decision
AIt treats lives of women and men equally BIt thinks the lives of the young come first
CIt attaches more value to women＇s lives DIt shows extraordinary respect for the old
4What can we know about the three elements found by Dr Awad＇s team
AAnimals are saved over humans
BThe three elements are equally agreed upon
CThe lives of the old are above those of the young
DThe lives of many people will be considered first
3 A company in California called Zume is testing machines that make pizza The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza It then adds tomato sauce cheese meat or other toppings Next the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven A few minutes later the pizza is ready The pizza comes out the same each time Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick They do not get paid either
Julia Collins is the company＇s cofounder and chief executive officer (CEO) Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots Zume is using robots to make pizza
Charity Suzuki has bought the robotmade pizza She likes its taste It＇s delicious It＇s always hot and fresh when it comes I mean it＇s great that they＇re making it but I can＇t tell the difference that it＇s made by a robot versus a human
Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans
Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley He also directs the school＇s automation laboratory Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years He says that while there has been progress the jobs are not going to disappear right away I want to reassure(放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value Goldberg says
We＇re going to get rid of boring repetitive dangerous jobs and we＇re going to free up people to do things that have higher value There＇s going to be amazing new ways of working that don＇t exist yet but are going to be created Alex Garden the chairman of Zume says
1Why can Zume devote more money to better food products
AIt earns a lot by selling pizza BIt wants to create more robots
CIt can save a lot by using robots DIt hopes to attract more customers
2What can we know about the robotmade pizza according to Suzuki
AIt really agrees with her taste BIt isn＇t hot or fresh all the time
CIt is tastier than the manmade pizza DIt is delicious and free of charge
3What＇s the benefit of using robots to make pizza
AThey work efficiently BThey help sick people
CThey need few payments DThey produce better pizza
4What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers
AInteresting BBoring
CDangerous DNecessary
4 You have probably read about robots replacing human labour as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another However a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs
In New Zealand farmers are using drones to herd and monitor cows and sheep taking up the position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely Radio New Zealand reports but they have appropriated(盗) one of the animal＇s most powerful tools barking The DJI Mavic Enterprise a 3500 drone favored by farmers has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts
Corey Lambeth a shepherd on a farm told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective That＇s the one thing I＇ve noticed that when you＇re moving cows the old cows stand up to the dogs but with the drones they＇ve never done that he said noting the drones move cows faster with less stress than the dogs do
The drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals＇ health without disturbing them Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a twohour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone On a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done by farmers on foot the drones really save a lot of man hours he said
For now farmers say there is still a need for herding dogs primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge
1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
AFarmers BDogs CSheep DLoudspeakers
2Which of the following statements is supported by the passage
AHerding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland
BThe drones can help monitor weather conditions with the current technology
CThe drones are multifunctional and leave the animals undisturbed
DThe market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price
3Why can＇t the drones replace the dogs entirely
AThe drones are much more expensive
BCows are not used to seeing the drones
CThe drones can＇t bark as loudly as the dogs do
DThe drones＇ power is limited and they need charging
4What is the author＇s attitude towards the drones in the passage
ASupportive BObjective CCritical DDoubtful
二七选五
5 You put a great deal of effort into reaching college of your dreams It＇s time to get started But what’s next The beginning of college life can be an exciting but awkward time Follow these tips to adapt to your new life rapidly and make the most of your college experience
• To save time and money use the college＇s bus system Taking the bus to school is quick easy and free in most college towns ①________ It＇s also a good way to be environmentally aware
• ②________ You might not even need all of the recommended books New textbooks cost a lot Try buying used textbooks — it＇s a good way to save money and serve the purpose as well
• Never look on college life as endless parties and social activities There is a whole lot more to college if you＇re serious about graduating ③________
• Be aware that your living environment can largely affect your studies If the dorm (寝室) doesn＇t suit you consider living at home with your family or renting your own apartment ④________ Find a quiet area like the library to study Alternatively buy some headphones that block out noise
• ⑤________ Make healthy food choices and watch what you eat Avoid the foods that are processed or high in sugar The freshman 15 is real which refers to many college students gain at least 15 pounds during the freshman year
• While electives (选修课程) can be helpful when you figure out your major you shouldn＇t entirely rely on them Clubs and other organizations exist around Get involved Make sure though that you still have time to study Having too much on your plate can hurt your grades
A Be mindful of your diet
B Take relaxed attitudes to your diet
C Don＇t take part in too many afterclass activities
D Save pennies on books by waiting until class starts
E You won＇t have to locate or afford a place to park either
F The best location for your studies isn＇t always your dorm
G Having a good college experience is all about balancing study and fun
三完形填空
6 When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010 we were in the fallout of the recession (济衰退) She said a polite No
That didn＇t stop me I searched for the 1 for a keyboard drew the keys on a piece of paper and 2 it on my desk I would click notes on an online 3 and play them back on my paper one — keeping the 4 they made on the computer in my head Once my mom saw that I was 5 she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons
I still remember the first one I was 6 by how real the sound of the piano was I 7 my grade one test after eight lessons But when I started secondary school we couldn＇t 8 lessons again I passed grade five practicing only on my piece of paper
When I was about 13 my mom said she had a(n) 9 for me it was an electronic keyboard bought with more 10 money Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians The tryouts (选拔赛) were 11 Some of the questions 12 an assessment of the composer or when the piece of music was written I felt stressed out To my amazement I was offered a 13 At Purcell I saved enough to buy my first piano
I am now at the Guildhall School of Music & Drama in London one of the world＇s leading schools I feel proud it＇s been over 10 years 14 I drew my paper piano I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call 15 practice The paper piano helped motivate my curiosity about how music works
1Ameasurements Btunes Cprices Dscales
2Afolded Bpiled Cwrapped Dstuck
3Aguitar Bviolin Ckeyboard Ddrum
4Avoice Bsound Cwhisper Drecord
5Anervous Bdisappointed Csatisfied Dserious
6Aamused Bfrightened Cstruck Dpuzzled
7Aabandoned Btook Cfailed Dpassed
8Aafford Bperform Cpostpone Dprepare
9Aalternative Bbreakthrough Cquestion Dsurprise
10Abig Bspending Ceasy Dborrowed
11Asimple Btough Cenjoyable Dfulfilling
12Arelated Bconcerned Cinvolved Dcollected
13Arole Bjob Cplace Drefund
14Aafter Bsince Cuntil Dbefore
15Amental Babundant Cfalse Dfancy
四语法填空
7 Like the native Chinese some foreigners have started to join their Chinese friends ①_________ sending or grabbing virtual red packets during the Spring Festival and other special ②_________ (occasion) Attracted by the unique way of interacting with people as well as the culture that gave birth to the phenomenon many foreigners say competing with friends to grab red packets in ③_________ WeChat group can be a lot of fun
Mattias Klement 27 a Swede who has been living in China for years said more foreigners have started to take part in this ④_________ (active) because of the popularity of the WeChat wallet
I think it is ⑤_________ (main) because more and more places now allow paying with WeChat It＇s also fun to just involve ⑥_________ (you) in the culture of it said Klement Two years ago when some friends ⑦_________ (send) him 520 or 8 88 yuan red packets he had no clue about the hidden meanings Now he is not only quite familiar with them ⑧_________ also has been used to ⑨_________ (give) some
It＇s nice to be able to say ＇I love you＇ with a red packet of 520 yuan I guess he said laughing I also remember trying ⑩_________ (play) tricks on some of my friends by paying back 99 99 yuan instead of 100 yuan just for fun
五写作
8假李华英国朋友Peter发邮件想解家乡十九发生变化请英文回复封邮件容
1 精准扶贫效果良
2 环境明显改善
注意
1词数80左右
2适增加细节行文连贯
参考词汇中国产第十九次全国代表会the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
精准扶贫 targeted poverty reduction
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9阅读面材料根容段落开头语进行续写构成篇完整短文续写词数应 150左右
It was a very hot afternoon My friend Leah and I were waiting for the rush hour train We were tired and couldn＇t wait to get back to the place where we were living
When the train arrived we got into the second carriage from the front The airconditioning wasn＇t working at the rear (部) so the front was particularly crowded that day I sat by the window admiring the changing landscape
Suddenly we felt enormous pressure pushing us backwards into our seats The windows broke into tiny pieces and dust flew around violently I could barely open my eyes
The train was suffering from a crash and it didn＇t feel as if it were going to stop I thought I would be dead I thought about my husband Guy who was supposed to receive the news first I thought of my dear father and other family members wondering how each would deal with my death
Voices began to break through my thoughts People were anxious Strangely I was totally calm I wasn＇t panicking my heart wasn＇t even beating fast When the train finally stopped we slowly stood up pushing off the table that had fallen onto us others stayed in their seats and many were injured and covered in blood I could hear screaming A soldier pushed the damaged door open for us to escape
Our carriage had run out of rails and we were halfway home We had a lot of blood on us and I searched my body for wounds but I didn＇t find any My knees felt painful and my hips were black and blue and Leah had her hand cut when jumping off the train but that wasn＇t serious
Helicopters landed and we saw soldiers running in and out All around us were ambulances (救护车) and people lying on the ground Everyone was shouting for help I rang Guy who was very calm and said he would come and get us Seeing all these brought me great emotional hurt
Paragraph 1
It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
In the days that followed I convinced myself I had internal bleeding
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
1答案：14DACC
解析：1考查段落意根第段第二句Recent studies have found positive effects段中greener areas of the city experienced less crimeemployees were shown to be 15 more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants知D选项Benefits from green plants概括段容
2考查细节理解根第二段第二句中These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they＇re short of water知A选项正确根该句半部分a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater知干扰项D选项错误
3考查推理判断根段容尤句Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy推知未发光植物助减少源消耗
4考查标题判断文章第段点明植物积极作第二段关植物方面功研究第三段说明新研究表明植物发光第四段关开发种植物叶子技术研究植物发光否开关第五段表述量传输中损失许发光植物解决问题C选项(发光植物代灯)凸显文题
2答案：14DACB
解析：1考查细节理解第二段句 The four characters most people saved in the experiment are a baby a little girl a little boy and a pregnant woman 知答案
2考查细节理解第三段容尤 Quandaries (两难境) like this will one day be faced by autonomous vehicles that will be programmed with rules that place value on human life 知选A
3考查细节理解第四段中 The French however resist the trend as they think the lives of women have far more weight than those of men 知法国更重视女性生命
4考查细节理解文章倒数第二段知B项正确选B根文章段容知D项错误
3答案：14CAAD
解析：1考查细节理解第二段中Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots知机器付工资Zume更资金投入更食物产品
2考查细节理解第三段中She likes its taste ＇It＇s delicious It＇s always hot and fresh when it comes I mean it＇s great that they＇re making it but I can＇t tell the difference that it＇s made by a robot versus a human＇知Suzuki认机器生产萨美味胃口分辨出做萨机器做萨区
3考查细节理解第段中Zume says the robots work quickly第四段中Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster知机器工作效率高A项正确
4考查推理判断倒数第二段中I want to reassure(放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value知Goldberg认餐馆工作员技然价值推知认工作缺少D项正确
4答案：14BCDB
解析：1考查词义猜测画线部分句知DJI Mavic Enterprise机功机器录声音通扩音器播放文中The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely Radio New Zealand reports but they have appropriated(盗) one of the animal＇s most powerful tools barking知种机器已盗狗效工具犬吠推知处表示种机器模仿狗选B
2考查细节理解根第四段第二句知机器农民远处监测土水投饲量扰动物情况检查健康状况知机功会扰动物选C
3考查细节理解根段知目前然需牧羊犬寿命机长恶劣天气工作需隔时充次电D项符合题意
4考查观点态度文介绍新西兰农民机放牧监测牛羊事实没夹杂作者观点客观表达机优缺点选B
5答案：EDGFA
解析：文介绍快适应学生活充分利学段历
①根空前数学城里坐校车学校快速容易免费知E项符合语境坐校车考虑停车问题
②D项中Save pennies空a good way to save money相应
③(想)具美学历()衡学娱乐fun空前parties and social activities相呼应
④根空信息找安静方学方说图书馆推知选F项学点未必总寝室
⑤根空容知学新生应注意健康饮食避免体重幅增长选A项
6答案：15ADCBD 610CDADD 1115BCCBA
解析：1根文drew the keys on a piece of paper知作者琴键画纸里指作者网搜索键盘尺寸
2根文paper文on my desk结合选项知处指纸粘贴桌子
3根文＇play＇ them back on my paper one in my head知作者点击线键盘音符然纸质键盘弹奏应琴键记忆音符声音
4参见题解析voice表示嗓音说话声sound表示声音响声泛指然界种声音文中the sound of the piano信息提示
5根文she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons知妈妈作者认真钱作者购买10节课
6根文how real the sound of the piano知作者钢琴真实声音动be struck by表示……动迷恋……
7根文I passed grade five practicing only on my piece of paper判断处指作者参加完八节课通级考试
8结合第段中we were in the fallout of the recession(济衰退)第二段中she borrowed moneylessons知作者次支付起课程
9根文母亲作者买电子键盘知处指母亲作者惊喜
10根文she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons知母亲更钱买电子键盘
11根文I felt stressed out知选拔赛较难
12处表示问题包含作曲家评价乐曲创作时间
13根文Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians To my amazement文中At Purcell知作者录取place入学名额
14结合语境知处表示作者纸画键盘练已十余年
15根I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano知作者没钢琴情况进行练称精神练
7答案：in occasions a activity mainly yourself sent but giving to play
解析：文介绍发虚拟红包外国中受欢迎微信钱包普越越微信支付开始参加发红包抢红包活动时红包金额隐含意思生活带乐趣
①考查介词处指外国开始加入中国朋友起发抢虚拟红包join sb in doing sth意加入某做某事填in
②考查名词复数occasion意重社交活动盛会数名词位other应复数形式填occasions
③考查定冠词许外国说朋友微信群里争着抢红包趣group数名词处表示泛指WeChat发音辅音音素开头填a
④考查词形转换take part in参加面缺少宾语空前this处应填activity
⑤考查词形转换Klement认越越方允许微信付款处修饰表语句应main副词形式表示程度填mainly
⑥考查反身代词involve oneself in意积极参……填yourself
⑦考查时态根句中时间状语Two years ago知处应般时填sent
⑧考查固定句式not onlybut also固定句式意…………
⑨考查非谓语动词be used to doing sth意惯做某事
⑩考查非谓语动词try to do sth意试着做某事
8答案：
Dear Peter
I＇m glad that you are caring about the development of my hometown Great changes have taken place since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China The targeted poverty reduction has made a difference Many poor families have got effective help from the local government and have improved their quality of life greatly Now our village is surrounded with more green trees and colorful flowers The rivers that were polluted seriously are getting clearer and clearer Please come to visit my hometown in the near future
Yours
Li Hua
9答案：
Paragraph 1
It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home Slowly I realized what we had just been through My father arrived later to find me unable to eat sleep or talk in a condition of confusion and fear Why wasn＇t I injured Why did I survive I think it was a mixture of luck and that we fastened our safety belts so the force of the crash pushed us into our seats rather than across the train
Paragraph 2
In the days that followed I convinced myself I had internal bleeding I went to hospital but doctors told me that I was fine I think it was just part of the emotional hurt I was feeling I had survived one of the worst ever train crashes — eight people died and at least 200 were injured in that train crash But I did escape from the terrible disaster fortunately Even now no one knows why it happened
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阅读理解
1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research Recent studies have found positive effects A study conducted in Youngstown Ohio for example discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime In another employees were shown to be 15 more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse even unusual functions These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they＇re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater We＇re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day explained Michael Strano a professor of chemical engineering at MIT
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables Strano＇s team found that they could create a faint light for threeandahalf hours The light about onethousandth of the amount needed to read by is just a start The technology Strano said could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into selfpowered street lamps
In the future the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off switch where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight
Lighting accounts for about 7 of the total electricity consumed in the US Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输) Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy
1What is the first paragraph mainly about
AA new study of different plants BA big fall in crime rates
CEmployees from various workplaces DBenefits from green plants
2What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
ATo detect plants＇ lack of water BTo change compositions of plants
CTo make the life of plants longer DTo test chemicals in plants
3What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
AThey will speed up energy production BThey may transmit electricity to the home
CThey might help reduce energy consumption DThey could take the place of power plants
4Which of the following can be the best title for the text
ACan we grow more glowing plants BHow do we live with glowing plants
CCould glowing plants replace lamps DHow are glowing plants made pollutionfree
2 Would you save a woman a child or a dog in a car crash An experiment has investigated human morality (道德观) and ranked countries based on who they would save in the event of a certain death situation
The findings show the value of life varies according to different countries French people for example are far more likely to save women than men Lithuania ranks in the top 10 for saving both the young and the healthy The four characters most people saved in the experiment are a baby a little girl a little boy and a pregnant woman
The experiment put forward difficult ethical (伦理) decisions such as choosing between the lives of a family of four crossing the road and a group of old people going the other way Quandaries(两难境) like this will one day be faced by autonomous vehicles that will be programmed with rules that place value on human life
Tests into the moral decisions involving almost forty million people around the world including the English have found that the lives of women and men are widely held in equal regard The French however resist the trend as they think the lives of women have far more weight than those of men
Dr Edmond Awad of the MIT Media Lab who is the lead author said The study is basically trying to understand the kinds of moral decisions that driverless cars might have to turn to We don＇t know yet how they should do that He added we find that there are three elements that people seem to approve of the most
These are that humans are saved over animals that many people are saved rather than a few and that the young are saved rather than the old
Dr Awad added The main preferences are to some degree universally agreed upon But the degree to which they agree with this varies among different groups or countries
1According to Para 2 which of the following is least likely to be saved in danger
AA little girl BA little boy CA pregnant woman DAn old man
2Why did the experiment come up with different ethical decisions
AThe value should be placed on human life
BIt＇s very interesting to do this kind of experiment
CSelfdriving cars will one day face the same decisions
DIt＇s very dangerous for a family of four to cross the road
3In which aspect is France different from other countries on their decision
AIt treats lives of women and men equally BIt thinks the lives of the young come first
CIt attaches more value to women＇s lives DIt shows extraordinary respect for the old
4What can we know about the three elements found by Dr Awad＇s team
AAnimals are saved over humans
BThe three elements are equally agreed upon
CThe lives of the old are above those of the young
DThe lives of many people will be considered first
3 A company in California called Zume is testing machines that make pizza The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza It then adds tomato sauce cheese meat or other toppings Next the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven A few minutes later the pizza is ready The pizza comes out the same each time Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick They do not get paid either
Julia Collins is the company＇s cofounder and chief executive officer (CEO) Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots Zume is using robots to make pizza
Charity Suzuki has bought the robotmade pizza She likes its taste It＇s delicious It＇s always hot and fresh when it comes I mean it＇s great that they＇re making it but I can＇t tell the difference that it＇s made by a robot versus a human
Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans
Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley He also directs the school＇s automation laboratory Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years He says that while there has been progress the jobs are not going to disappear right away I want to reassure(放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value Goldberg says
We＇re going to get rid of boring repetitive dangerous jobs and we＇re going to free up people to do things that have higher value There＇s going to be amazing new ways of working that don＇t exist yet but are going to be created Alex Garden the chairman of Zume says
1Why can Zume devote more money to better food products
AIt earns a lot by selling pizza BIt wants to create more robots
CIt can save a lot by using robots DIt hopes to attract more customers
2What can we know about the robotmade pizza according to Suzuki
AIt really agrees with her taste BIt isn＇t hot or fresh all the time
CIt is tastier than the manmade pizza DIt is delicious and free of charge
3What＇s the benefit of using robots to make pizza
AThey work efficiently BThey help sick people
CThey need few payments DThey produce better pizza
4What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers
AInteresting BBoring
CDangerous DNecessary
4 You have probably read about robots replacing human labour as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another However a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs
In New Zealand farmers are using drones to herd and monitor cows and sheep taking up the position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely Radio New Zealand reports but they have appropriated(盗) one of the animal＇s most powerful tools barking The DJI Mavic Enterprise a 3500 drone favored by farmers has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts
Corey Lambeth a shepherd on a farm told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective That＇s the one thing I＇ve noticed that when you＇re moving cows the old cows stand up to the dogs but with the drones they＇ve never done that he said noting the drones move cows faster with less stress than the dogs do
The drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals＇ health without disturbing them Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a twohour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone On a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done by farmers on foot the drones really save a lot of man hours he said
For now farmers say there is still a need for herding dogs primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge
1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
AFarmers BDogs CSheep DLoudspeakers
2Which of the following statements is supported by the passage
AHerding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland
BThe drones can help monitor weather conditions with the current technology
CThe drones are multifunctional and leave the animals undisturbed
DThe market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price
3Why can＇t the drones replace the dogs entirely
AThe drones are much more expensive
BCows are not used to seeing the drones
CThe drones can＇t bark as loudly as the dogs do
DThe drones＇ power is limited and they need charging
4What is the author＇s attitude towards the drones in the passage
ASupportive BObjective CCritical DDoubtful
二七选五
5 You put a great deal of effort into reaching college of your dreams It＇s time to get started But what’s next The beginning of college life can be an exciting but awkward time Follow these tips to adapt to your new life rapidly and make the most of your college experience
• To save time and money use the college＇s bus system Taking the bus to school is quick easy and free in most college towns ①________ It＇s also a good way to be environmentally aware
• ②________ You might not even need all of the recommended books New textbooks cost a lot Try buying used textbooks — it＇s a good way to save money and serve the purpose as well
• Never look on college life as endless parties and social activities There is a whole lot more to college if you＇re serious about graduating ③________
• Be aware that your living environment can largely affect your studies If the dorm (寝室) doesn＇t suit you consider living at home with your family or renting your own apartment ④________ Find a quiet area like the library to study Alternatively buy some headphones that block out noise
• ⑤________ Make healthy food choices and watch what you eat Avoid the foods that are processed or high in sugar The freshman 15 is real which refers to many college students gain at least 15 pounds during the freshman year
• While electives (选修课程) can be helpful when you figure out your major you shouldn＇t entirely rely on them Clubs and other organizations exist around Get involved Make sure though that you still have time to study Having too much on your plate can hurt your grades
A Be mindful of your diet
B Take relaxed attitudes to your diet
C Don＇t take part in too many afterclass activities
D Save pennies on books by waiting until class starts
E You won＇t have to locate or afford a place to park either
F The best location for your studies isn＇t always your dorm
G Having a good college experience is all about balancing study and fun
三完形填空
6 When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010 we were in the fallout of the recession (济衰退) She said a polite No
That didn＇t stop me I searched for the 1 for a keyboard drew the keys on a piece of paper and 2 it on my desk I would click notes on an online 3 and play them back on my paper one — keeping the 4 they made on the computer in my head Once my mom saw that I was 5 she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons
I still remember the first one I was 6 by how real the sound of the piano was I 7 my grade one test after eight lessons But when I started secondary school we couldn＇t 8 lessons again I passed grade five practicing only on my piece of paper
When I was about 13 my mom said she had a(n) 9 for me it was an electronic keyboard bought with more 10 money Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians The tryouts (选拔赛) were 11 Some of the questions 12 an assessment of the composer or when the piece of music was written I felt stressed out To my amazement I was offered a 13 At Purcell I saved enough to buy my first piano
I am now at the Guildhall School of Music & Drama in London one of the world＇s leading schools I feel proud it＇s been over 10 years 14 I drew my paper piano I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call 15 practice The paper piano helped motivate my curiosity about how music works
1Ameasurements Btunes Cprices Dscales
2Afolded Bpiled Cwrapped Dstuck
3Aguitar Bviolin Ckeyboard Ddrum
4Avoice Bsound Cwhisper Drecord
5Anervous Bdisappointed Csatisfied Dserious
6Aamused Bfrightened Cstruck Dpuzzled
7Aabandoned Btook Cfailed Dpassed
8Aafford Bperform Cpostpone Dprepare
9Aalternative Bbreakthrough Cquestion Dsurprise
10Abig Bspending Ceasy Dborrowed
11Asimple Btough Cenjoyable Dfulfilling
12Arelated Bconcerned Cinvolved Dcollected
13Arole Bjob Cplace Drefund
14Aafter Bsince Cuntil Dbefore
15Amental Babundant Cfalse Dfancy
四语法填空
7 Like the native Chinese some foreigners have started to join their Chinese friends ①_________ sending or grabbing virtual red packets during the Spring Festival and other special ②_________ (occasion) Attracted by the unique way of interacting with people as well as the culture that gave birth to the phenomenon many foreigners say competing with friends to grab red packets in ③_________ WeChat group can be a lot of fun
Mattias Klement 27 a Swede who has been living in China for years said more foreigners have started to take part in this ④_________ (active) because of the popularity of the WeChat wallet
I think it is ⑤_________ (main) because more and more places now allow paying with WeChat It＇s also fun to just involve ⑥_________ (you) in the culture of it said Klement Two years ago when some friends ⑦_________ (send) him 520 or 8 88 yuan red packets he had no clue about the hidden meanings Now he is not only quite familiar with them ⑧_________ also has been used to ⑨_________ (give) some
It＇s nice to be able to say ＇I love you＇ with a red packet of 520 yuan I guess he said laughing I also remember trying ⑩_________ (play) tricks on some of my friends by paying back 99 99 yuan instead of 100 yuan just for fun
五写作
8假李华英国朋友Peter发邮件想解家乡十九发生变化请英文回复封邮件容
1 精准扶贫效果良
2 环境明显改善
注意
1词数80左右
2适增加细节行文连贯
参考词汇中国产第十九次全国代表会the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
精准扶贫 targeted poverty reduction
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9阅读面材料根容段落开头语进行续写构成篇完整短文续写词数应 150左右
It was a very hot afternoon My friend Leah and I were waiting for the rush hour train We were tired and couldn＇t wait to get back to the place where we were living
When the train arrived we got into the second carriage from the front The airconditioning wasn＇t working at the rear (部) so the front was particularly crowded that day I sat by the window admiring the changing landscape
Suddenly we felt enormous pressure pushing us backwards into our seats The windows broke into tiny pieces and dust flew around violently I could barely open my eyes
The train was suffering from a crash and it didn＇t feel as if it were going to stop I thought I would be dead I thought about my husband Guy who was supposed to receive the news first I thought of my dear father and other family members wondering how each would deal with my death
Voices began to break through my thoughts People were anxious Strangely I was totally calm I wasn＇t panicking my heart wasn＇t even beating fast When the train finally stopped we slowly stood up pushing off the table that had fallen onto us others stayed in their seats and many were injured and covered in blood I could hear screaming A soldier pushed the damaged door open for us to escape
Our carriage had run out of rails and we were halfway home We had a lot of blood on us and I searched my body for wounds but I didn＇t find any My knees felt painful and my hips were black and blue and Leah had her hand cut when jumping off the train but that wasn＇t serious
Helicopters landed and we saw soldiers running in and out All around us were ambulances (救护车) and people lying on the ground Everyone was shouting for help I rang Guy who was very calm and said he would come and get us Seeing all these brought me great emotional hurt
Paragraph 1
It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
In the days that followed I convinced myself I had internal bleeding
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
1答案：14DACC
解析：1考查段落意根第段第二句Recent studies have found positive effects段中greener areas of the city experienced less crimeemployees were shown to be 15 more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants知D选项Benefits from green plants概括段容
2考查细节理解根第二段第二句中These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they＇re short of water知A选项正确根该句半部分a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater知干扰项D选项错误
3考查推理判断根段容尤句Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy推知未发光植物助减少源消耗
4考查标题判断文章第段点明植物积极作第二段关植物方面功研究第三段说明新研究表明植物发光第四段关开发种植物叶子技术研究植物发光否开关第五段表述量传输中损失许发光植物解决问题C选项(发光植物代灯)凸显文题
2答案：14DACB
解析：1考查细节理解第二段句 The four characters most people saved in the experiment are a baby a little girl a little boy and a pregnant woman 知答案
2考查细节理解第三段容尤 Quandaries (两难境) like this will one day be faced by autonomous vehicles that will be programmed with rules that place value on human life 知选A
3考查细节理解第四段中 The French however resist the trend as they think the lives of women have far more weight than those of men 知法国更重视女性生命
4考查细节理解文章倒数第二段知B项正确选B根文章段容知D项错误
3答案：14CAAD
解析：1考查细节理解第二段中Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots知机器付工资Zume更资金投入更食物产品
2考查细节理解第三段中She likes its taste ＇It＇s delicious It＇s always hot and fresh when it comes I mean it＇s great that they＇re making it but I can＇t tell the difference that it＇s made by a robot versus a human＇知Suzuki认机器生产萨美味胃口分辨出做萨机器做萨区
3考查细节理解第段中Zume says the robots work quickly第四段中Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster知机器工作效率高A项正确
4考查推理判断倒数第二段中I want to reassure(放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value知Goldberg认餐馆工作员技然价值推知认工作缺少D项正确
4答案：14BCDB
解析：1考查词义猜测画线部分句知DJI Mavic Enterprise机功机器录声音通扩音器播放文中The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely Radio New Zealand reports but they have appropriated(盗) one of the animal＇s most powerful tools barking知种机器已盗狗效工具犬吠推知处表示种机器模仿狗选B
2考查细节理解根第四段第二句知机器农民远处监测土水投饲量扰动物情况检查健康状况知机功会扰动物选C
3考查细节理解根段知目前然需牧羊犬寿命机长恶劣天气工作需隔时充次电D项符合题意
4考查观点态度文介绍新西兰农民机放牧监测牛羊事实没夹杂作者观点客观表达机优缺点选B
5答案：EDGFA
解析：文介绍快适应学生活充分利学段历
①根空前数学城里坐校车学校快速容易免费知E项符合语境坐校车考虑停车问题
②D项中Save pennies空a good way to save money相应
③(想)具美学历()衡学娱乐fun空前parties and social activities相呼应
④根空信息找安静方学方说图书馆推知选F项学点未必总寝室
⑤根空容知学新生应注意健康饮食避免体重幅增长选A项
6答案：15ADCBD 610CDADD 1115BCCBA
解析：1根文drew the keys on a piece of paper知作者琴键画纸里指作者网搜索键盘尺寸
2根文paper文on my desk结合选项知处指纸粘贴桌子
3根文＇play＇ them back on my paper one in my head知作者点击线键盘音符然纸质键盘弹奏应琴键记忆音符声音
4参见题解析voice表示嗓音说话声sound表示声音响声泛指然界种声音文中the sound of the piano信息提示
5根文she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons知妈妈作者认真钱作者购买10节课
6根文how real the sound of the piano知作者钢琴真实声音动be struck by表示……动迷恋……
7根文I passed grade five practicing only on my piece of paper判断处指作者参加完八节课通级考试
8结合第段中we were in the fallout of the recession(济衰退)第二段中she borrowed moneylessons知作者次支付起课程
9根文母亲作者买电子键盘知处指母亲作者惊喜
10根文she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons知母亲更钱买电子键盘
11根文I felt stressed out知选拔赛较难
12处表示问题包含作曲家评价乐曲创作时间
13根文Later I found the Purcell School for young musicians To my amazement文中At Purcell知作者录取place入学名额
14结合语境知处表示作者纸画键盘练已十余年
15根I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano知作者没钢琴情况进行练称精神练
7答案：in occasions a activity mainly yourself sent but giving to play
解析：文介绍发虚拟红包外国中受欢迎微信钱包普越越微信支付开始参加发红包抢红包活动时红包金额隐含意思生活带乐趣
①考查介词处指外国开始加入中国朋友起发抢虚拟红包join sb in doing sth意加入某做某事填in
②考查名词复数occasion意重社交活动盛会数名词位other应复数形式填occasions
③考查定冠词许外国说朋友微信群里争着抢红包趣group数名词处表示泛指WeChat发音辅音音素开头填a
④考查词形转换take part in参加面缺少宾语空前this处应填activity
⑤考查词形转换Klement认越越方允许微信付款处修饰表语句应main副词形式表示程度填mainly
⑥考查反身代词involve oneself in意积极参……填yourself
⑦考查时态根句中时间状语Two years ago知处应般时填sent
⑧考查固定句式not onlybut also固定句式意…………
⑨考查非谓语动词be used to doing sth意惯做某事
⑩考查非谓语动词try to do sth意试着做某事
8答案：
Dear Peter
I＇m glad that you are caring about the development of my hometown Great changes have taken place since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China The targeted poverty reduction has made a difference Many poor families have got effective help from the local government and have improved their quality of life greatly Now our village is surrounded with more green trees and colorful flowers The rivers that were polluted seriously are getting clearer and clearer Please come to visit my hometown in the near future
Yours
Li Hua
9答案：
Paragraph 1
It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home Slowly I realized what we had just been through My father arrived later to find me unable to eat sleep or talk in a condition of confusion and fear Why wasn＇t I injured Why did I survive I think it was a mixture of luck and that we fastened our safety belts so the force of the crash pushed us into our seats rather than across the train
Paragraph 2
In the days that followed I convinced myself I had internal bleeding I went to hospital but doctors told me that I was fine I think it was just part of the emotional hurt I was feeling I had survived one of the worst ever train crashes — eight people died and at least 200 were injured in that train crash But I did escape from the terrible disaster fortunately Even now no one knows why it happened
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