新视野大学英语视听说教程第3册答案（全）

新视野学英语视听说教程第三册
听力练录音文答案Uint1 Uint10


Uint1
II Basic Listening Practice
1 Script
W Ok It’s your turn to pay the bill I paid last time
M What You have a selective memory You tried to pay last turn but your credit card failed so I ended up paying It’s definitely your turn
Q What is true according to the conversation
2 Script
M I’m having real trouble reviewing for this French exam I just can’t memorize all the vocabulary
W Me too I hate having to learn things by heart I guess we just have to keep reading the texts over and over
Q What does the woman prefer
3 Script
W Oh look There’s that guy we saw last week playing football in the park He looked great in his kit remember
M Him I don’t remember him I’ve got a terrible memory for faces I have a hard time even recording people I’ve been introduced to
Q According to the conversation what is the man’s problem
4 Script
M Why is there a big sign on the back of your door that says keys
W It’s to remind me to take my keys when I go out because I’m always locking myself out by accident It doesn’t help enough Now I just forget to read the sign
Q Why is there a sign on the back of the door
5 Script
M That history exam was really hard The essay question was terrible
W I know I wish I were like David He has a photographic memory you know How useful that would be
Q What is true of David

Keys 1C 2D 3 A 4B 5C

III Listening In
Script
M Tell me your secret You’re suddenly getting excellent marks in every subject and you used to be a bottomof –class student just like me
W Simple enough I read an article in a scientific journal that studying with remembering based on recent research into the brain
M Aw that stuff’s old hat study at the same time every day be sure your clothes are comfortable and make sure you have enough light blahblahblah
W Not so fast wise guy I’m talking about principles like Mental Visualization creating a picture in your mind of what is to be remembered
M Ok that dies sound different Id Association a principle—you know you connect what you want to remember with something you’re familiar with
W Right on Consolidation is another I review my notes right after class and consolidate—or absorb—the new material into what I’ve already learned
M You’re moving ahead fast with those principles I swear this weekend I’m going to study sixteen hours a day both Saturday and Sunday
W Whoa big guy That’s not the way Follow the principle of Distributes Practice Shorter study sessions distributes over several days are better
M That system is all very well for you you’ve got a good memory But what about me I’ve got a memory like a sieve
W You’re too modest There’s nothing wrong with your memory But memory is like a muscle it needs exercise And don’t forget it


While the man is wondering why the woman is suddenly getting excellent marks she says she read an article on studying and remembering It talks about principles like Mental Visualization that is creating a picture in one’s mind of what is to be remembered This reminds the man of the principle of Association which means connecting what one wants to remember with something one is familiar with Then the woman adds the principle of Consolidation or reviewing one’s notes after class and absorbing the new material into what one has already learned When the man promise to study sixteen hours a day the woman recommends the principle of Distributed Practice which favors shorter study sessions distributed over several days Finally the woman tells the man that memory is like a muscle and that it needs exercise


Task 2 You forget my toast
Script
An 80yearold couple was having problems remembering things so they decide to go to their doctor to see what was wrong with them They explained to the doctor about the problems they were having with their memory After checking the couple over the doctor told them that they were physically okay but might need to start writing things down to help them remember The couple thanked the doctor and left
Later that night while watching TV the old woman said to the old man Honey will you please go to the kitchen and get me a dish of ice cream
Before the man left she added Why don’t you write that down so you won’t forget
Nonsense said the husband I can remember a dish of ice cream
Well said the wife I’d like some strawberries on it You’d better write that down because I know your memory is failing
Don’t be silly replied the husband There’re only two things a dish of ice cream and some strawberries I can surely remember that
With that he rushed into the kitchen After about twenty minutes he returned from the kitchen and handed her a plate of bacon and eggs
The wife took one look at the plate glanced up at her husband and said Hey you forget the toast

Keys FTFFF
Task3 MemoryImproving Techniques
Script
There are many techniques you can use to improve your memory Some of them are introduced her
First and foremost you need to stimulate your memory all the time To put it simply you should use your memory as much as possible It is especially important to try to learn something new If you work in an office learn to dance if you are a dancer learn to deal with a computer if you work with sales and learn to play chess if you are a programmer learn to paint These added activities stimulate the brain so that I t continues to function
Older people need to pay attention to things they are dealing with Don’t try to memorize everything that catches your attention focus on what you consider important For example you can take any object such as a pen and concentrate on it Think on its various characteristics its material its function its color and so on Don’t allow any other thought to occupy your mind while you are concentrating in that pen
Another method that can be used is to relax yourself It is impossible to remember things if you are tense or nervous
So try holding your breath for ten seconds and then release it slowly
Association is also a powerful tool to develop your memory For example if you cannot remember a person’s name you can think about a special feature of his face and then link it with his mane


1 What’s seems to be an especially important way to stimulate one’s memory
2 What seems to be the best way to focus your memory
3 How can you concentrate on a pen
4 How can you relax yourself according to the passage
5 What is the main idea of the passage
Kes 1A 2C3 D 4B 5D
IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 It slipped my mind
Amy I sent out the invitations to the dinner party
Bill That’s good Now what should we do
Amy We’ve got to plan the menu
Bill Oh that’s right Do you have anything in mind
Amy I think I’m going to make the chicken salad we had at the Christmas party Remember I sled the chef for the recipe
Bill Yeah but did you forget that Linda doesn’t eat chicken
Amy Linda Oh my gosh I forgot to invite Linda It just slipped my mind She’ll be mad at me
Bill Well everyone forgets something sometimes It’s not too late yet I’ll make a phone call Don’t worry
Amy Thanks You see I’m getting forgetful I think I’m getting old
Bill Looks like you are sweetheart

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A I’m going to throw a party and I’ve sent out the invitations to my friends and relatives
B That’s good But don’t forget to invite everyone you should invite
A I think I’ve invited everyone Do you have anybody in mind
B Did you invite John He’s lost his job after recent quarrel with his boss
A Oh my gosh I forgot to invite him He’ll be sad thinking we look down on him He just slipped my mind
B Well everyone forgets something sometimes Don’t worry It’s not too late Make a phone call right away
A Did I forget anybody else that I should incite
B There’s yet another person you should invite—Julia She’s just moved to the city and feels lonely
A Oh good heavens I forgot all about her She’s our new friend You see I’m getting forgetful I think I’m getting old
B Looks like you are buddy You’d better start writing things down if they’re important

MODEL2 I can’t think of it off the top of my head
Script
John Hey Sue Do you know what Jack’s home phone number is
Susan I can’t think of it off the top of my head I don’t have my address book on me and I don’t have my mobile phone with me either
John That’s too bad I’ve got to find him now It’s urgent If I can’t find him today I’ll be dead
Susan You might want to look it up in the phone book
John I’ve checked already but it seems that hid phone number is unlisted
Susan Maybe it’s under his roommate’s name
John Well I guess so
Susan Well why don’t you call Jane She has his phone number
John I’ve tried but no one answered
Susan Maybe call his office and ask his secretary
John I’ve already tried She won’t tell me She says it’s private
Susan Oh that’s right They usually don’t release private information over the phone
John It’s a pity You usually have a powerful memory but you can’t help today What’s wrong with you Your memory seems to be fading early
Susan It’s not my memory is fading I do have memory for face and names but a poor one for number and dates

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Hey do you remember when is the lecture on the value of information by Professor Smith
B I can’t think of it off the top of my head Maybe we can look it up in our notebook but I don’t have mine with me
A That’s too bas I don’t have it with me either Do you remember the number of the lecture hail
B Sorry I can’t think of it off my head
A I’m terribly interested in the lecture I can’t miss it
B Well why don’t you call the dean who arranged the lecture
A I’m afraid it’s not very wise to ask the dean directly
B Then maybe you can call the office if the department and ask the secretary
A I’ve already tried but no one answered
B Oh
A You usually have a powerful memory but you can’t help today You memory seems to be fading early
B It’s nit that my memory is fading I do have a good memory for faces and names but a poor one for numbers and dates


MODEL3 What’s wrong with your memory
Script
Bill Hi honey My trip to London was wonderful
Amy Tell me what thrilled you most
[The telephone rings and Bill answers itHe hangs up]
Bill Er where was I
Amy You were talking about your tour in London
Bill Oh yeah
Amy I bet you had a great time
Bill Yes I particularly enjoyed visiting the tower of London
Amy How did you get there By bus or underground
Bill Let me see…Sorry I can’t remember any more
Amy What’s wrong with your memory
Bill I hope it’s not Alzheimer’s disease I don’t want to forget my own name
Amy I don’t think so Perhaps it’s just temporary forgetfulness You’ll be right after a good sleep
Bill I hope so But as this is happening so often recently I think I must go to see a doctor and get some pills
Amy It’s not as serous as that Anyway I wish you had a good memory for happy events and a bad one for unhappy things

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Hey my trip to Beijing was fantastic
B Tell me what thrilled you most
[The door bell rings and A answer it…A comes back]
A Where was I
B You were talking about your tour in Beijing
A Oh yeah
B I bet you had a great time
A Yes I particularly enjoyed visiting the Forbidden City and the Great Wall though the admission fees were a bit too high for me
B What were the fees
A Let me see…Sorry I can’t remember any more
B What’s wrong with your memory
A I hope it’s not Alzheimer’s disease I don’t want to see a lot of new people everyday
B I don’t think so Perhaps you only forget things momentarily You’ll be right after a good sleep
A I hope so But as this is happening so often recently I think I have to see a doctor
B I don’t think it’s so serious Anyway a bad memory helps you forget your trouble

V Let’s Talk
Script
Student Professor thank you for graining me this interview I’m Susan a reporter from the Student Union magazine Many students have difficultly memorizing things Since youre an outstanding psychologist could you give us some tips on how top improve our memory
Professor Well some people have better memories than others but that’s largely because they are better at creating mental images
Student If I’m not good at creating images what can I do
Professor Practice helps And the mind remembers things better if they are connected with other images For example I you have to pick up several items at the grocery store say carrots egg bananas and milk you can create a picture in your mind of a giant carrot and hanging from it a banana
Student Then I could have a giant milk carton pouring milk over the carrot and banana
Professor Certainly Then what would you do with the egg
Student Hmmm I’d visualize an eggshaped UFO flying across the sky
Professor There you go The more you apply the ideas the easier it gets Besides creating pictures there’s another technique that is very useful
Student What is it
Professor Establishing an association Suppose you are looking for lost keys
Relax and let your mind look for all the images connected with those keystheir feel the sounds they make
Student How will that help
Professor You might remember the sound the keys made when you placed then in a drawer or cold touch of the keys in your jacket were you left them
Student Oh my gosh I have to run It’s time my English class I see an image of my teacher staring at my empty seat in the classroom Many thanks Professor
Professor Not at all and good luck with your memory



Ways of Improving One’s Memory
Examples



Creating images


To remember the items to buy sat the grocery store such as carrots eggs bananas and milk
Images that you may help
1a giant carrot and a banana hanging from it
2 a giant milk carton pouring milk over the carrot and banana
3 an eggshaped UFO flying across the sky




Establishing associations




To find your lost keys
Associations with sound touch that may help
1 The sound of the keys might remind you of y\having placed then in a drawer
2 The cold touch of the keys might remind you of them in your jacket


Discussion
SAMPLE
A As we just heard from the interview the technique of associating certainly important in promoting memory
B And according to the interview creating images helps remember things If your shopping list includes eggs you might visualize an egg or an eggshaped UFO flying across
A Another important factor in improving memory can be of interest If you get interested in something you can remember it better
B Yeah And if you recognize facts into meaningful groups you can remember them better For instance if you want to memorize all the names of American presidents it is not easy If however you arrange them chronologically into three periods those before Abraham Lincoln those between Abraham Lincoln and Franklin Roosevelt and those after then the task will be less difficult
A It is common sense that if you glance at something quickly you tend to forget it quickly If you stuffy it slowly you can remember it better
B Another technique is intensive practice or repeating As a saying goes practice makes perfect If you repeat something again and again you will eventually learn it by heart
A But we should not work too hard When we get tired our learning efficiency declines We need breaks so the mind can rest and absorb what has been learned

VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 The Role Memory Plays in Our Life
Script
Since memory plays a significant role in our life scrientists are increasingly interested in research on how to improver memory Here are some factors they believe to be important to expanding memory capacity
To begin with you must take special care in your daily life Food for example is very important Some vitamins are essential foe your memory to work properly They are found in bread cereal vegetables and fruits Some experts say that synthesizes vitamins improve memory but others have doubts about this arguing that the studies have not confirmed they do work Another essential factor is water It helps to maintain the memory systems especially in older persons According to Dr Roswell lack of water in the body has an immediate and strong effect on memory it can cause confusion and other thought difficulties Sleep also plays a significant role To be able to have a goof memory we must allow the brain to have plenty of rest While sleeping the brain no longer controls the senses and starts to revise and store the information one has receives Lack of sleep would make one feel exhausted and would weaken one’s ability to concentrate Also one’ ability to store information would be affected

1 What is the passage mainly about
2 Why are foods important in promoting memory according to the passage
3 To whom is water especially important in maintaining the memory system
4 What problem can a lack of water cause
5 Why is sleep important to memory


Keys 1A 2B 3D 4D 5C
Task 2 Where did the professor go
Script
This is a true story while happened to friends of ours in a small town in South Africa They were a hospitable couple who often entertained their neighbors for drinks tea or dinner On this particular spring night they have invited a retired professor to super During the evening it began to pour with rain and the heavens really opened Because he had walked there they offered to put him up for the night They pointed out that by staying overnight he did not need to go to out in the bad weather He agreed on the soundness of that idea thanked his hosts profusely and the matter seemed to be settled But while they were washing the dishes after supper the forgetful professor disappeared No one could find him anywhere Eventually after40 minutes the front door bell rang There was the professor soaked to the skin When he was asked what on earth he has been dong in the rain he replied that because he was going to stay there overnight he had gone home to get his pajamas and toothbrush


Task3 How to Remember Names
Script
You just called the TV repair shop and the voice on the other end of the line tells you This is Don Smith
About 5 minutes later you tell your wife that this guywill be out to fix the TV in the morning You can’t think of his mane although you know he mentioned it on the phone
This happens all the time to just about any of us unless we have learned to concentrate and implant a name in our memory right at the time we hear it To do this you must make a habit of repeating the name back to the person This action will remind you to store the name in your memory bank each time you hear someone’s name and within a short time the repeating process can be discontinued
When you meet someone in person use the same procedure and in addition visualize something different unusual or ridiculous about hid or her appearance position or actions that ties in with his or her name Later you may write the descriptive information on one side of a card and the name in the other side Look at it repeatedly see the picture in your mind’s eye as you look at the name or when you see he name visualize the picture you have assigned to the name
Getting this system to work will require changes in your thinking and it may take several days or several weeks to become proficient

News Report
A Dolphin Exhibition
Script
A recent art exhibition in Florida honored the animal often seen as man’s most intelligent friend the dolphin
The Dolphins on Parade exhibition in the Florida Keys featured lifesized decorates dolphin paintings made of wood and the cost of materials The dolphins were shown at area business and along the beach Sponsors paid US 750 to cover the artists’ fee and the cost of materials
There were more than 100 dolphin themes including a beerbelly dolphin They showed the work of local artists as well as the beach atmosphere the Keys are famous for
Probably the most unique was special because of its artist Pandora Pandora the dolphin painter is area dolphin art the Dolphin Research center in Marathon Florida The playful artist streaks colors across a dolphin painting holding a brush in its mouth
The exhibition was held by the Monroe [Florida] Council of the Arts as part of a plan to make the Keys an international arts center The paintings were to be auctioned off in March with the money earned going to community art programs

Uint2
II Basic Listening Practice
3 Script
W Have you chosen your elective for next semester yet Are you taking French writing again
M Yes I am but it’s compulsory for us next semester So I think I’m gong to do marketing as an elective instead
Q Which class will the man choose as his elective
4 Script
M Did you go to that businesses lecture on Friday I missed it and need to copy your notes
W I’d say you could borrow my notes but Sarah’s got them Be careful not to miss Professor Brown’s seminar he takes attendance in that
Q What is the woman telling the man
3 Script
W Wow Steven In the library What brings you here
M I’m enjoying the view All the girls in fashion design are here are preparing for an exam on Monday
Q Why is the man in the library
4 Script
W How’s your group doing with this statistics presentation Mine’s terrible
M Yeah mine too David and Mike are OK but Steven doesn’t pull his weight and Suzie’s never around I don’t see how we can pass unless Steven and Suzie realize that this is their last chance
Q What is the true of Steven and Suzie
5 Script
W You took an MBA at Harvard Business School didn’t you What’s it like
M It’s expensive about US 40000 a year plus the costs of food and housing But the teaching is first class The professors have a lot of practical experience They use the case system of teaching that is you study how actual businesses grew or failed
Q Why is he MBA teaching in Harvard Business School first class according to the conversation

Keys 1C 2D 3B 4D 5A

III Listening In
Task1 On the First Day
Script
Harrison I’m Harrison Good to meet you So you’ve bought the books for this biology class
Jenny Sure I think everyone had to before class started
Harrison No Usually no one does much on the first day because it’s still adddrop
Jenny What’s that
Harrison Changing from class to class to find out which one is best Hey where are you from
Jenny Poland Have you has this teacher before I’ve heard he is really good
Harrison He’s good if you’re a handworker He expects a lot
Jenny Oh I guess that’s good I hope I can keep up with everyone else in the class Maybe I need your help after class
Harrison You’re welcome
…
Professor All right See you guys next week
Student See you
Jenny Harrison wait up
Harrison So what do you think about the professor’s lecture
Jenny I think half of what he said went over my head
Harrison That’s all right A lot of what he said is explain in the reading
Jenny Hey would you mind if I borrowed your notes tonight to look them over
Harrison No problem We don’t have class until Wednesday Here you go
Jenny Thanks I just want to make sure I’m prepared for the seminar
Harrison Yeah participation in the discussion is an important part of the education here


Seeing that Jenny has bought the books for the biology class Harrison says nobody does much on the first day because it’s still adddrop which means students are changing from class to class Jenny knows the professor is really good But Harrison warns her that the professor is good only if students are handworkers for he expects a lot
After class Jenny admits that half of what the professor said went over her head and Harrison assures her that a lot of what the professor said is explained in the reading
When Jenny asks to borrow Harrison notes he says on problem for they don’t have class until Wednesday Finally Harrison says participation in the discussion at the seminar is an important part of the education there
Task 2 Money for College
Script
Robert is a university student He likes to have fun But having fun was expensive so he was rapidly running out of money There was nothing to do to try to call his mother for help
Hi Mom I certainly miss you and Dad I…uh…got a big surprise this week in my physics course We have to buy two new textbooks I’m going to need 100
I understand said his mother I’ll send you the money right away You left your calculus book here when you were home two weeks ago Shall I mail that at the same time
Oh yeah Thanks Robert said
Robert’s mother made up a parcel with the calculus book and two checks and mailed it to Robert that very day When she returned from the post office her husband was waiting for her
Well how much did you give the boy this time asked Dad
I send two checks one for 100 and the other for 1 100 answered Mom
You’re outing your mind yelled Dad That’s 1100 He’ll just spend that in a couple of weeks He’s never going to learn the value of money that way
Don’t worry honey Mom said I taped the 100 check to the cover of his book but I put the 1000 one between the pages in Charper13

Keys TFFFT

Task3 How to Get Straight A’s
Script
It is interesting to note how straight A students achieve academic excellence Here according to education experts and students themselves are the secrets of superachievers
First they know how to set priorities Top students allow no intrusions on study time Once the books are open or the computer is turned on phone calls go unanswered TV shows unwatched snacks ignored Study is business and business comes before recreation
Also good students can study anywhere and everywhere Claudia Hill an Arizona State University business professor recalls a crosscountry runner who worked out every day Hill persuaded him to use his spare time to memorize biology term Then he posted a list of biology terms on the mirror in the bathroom He learned a few terms every day while brushing his teeth Eventually he scored high on the final examination
Moreover top students schedule their time well Study times are strictly a matter of personal preference Some work late at night when the house is quiet Others awake early Still others study as soon as they come home from school when the work is fresh in their minds All agreed however on the need for consistency A student says Whatever I was doing I maintained a certain period of time every day for studying
Another important characteristic of superachievers is that they know hoe to read According to a book entitled Getting Straight A’s the secret of good reading is to be an active readerone who continually asks questions that lead to a full understanding of the author’s message

6 Which of the following is NOT mentioned about super—achievers starting to study
7 What did the crosscountry runner do to score high on the exam
8 What is the good thing all top students agree on
9 What does the speaker mean by an active reader
10 What is the main idea of the passage


Kes 1B 2C3 D 4A 5D


IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 You’re just going to have study hard
Nora Only our first day back at school and already I feel like I’ve learned a lot
Chris Only our first day back at school and I already feel like I’m up to my ears in homework
Nora You’re going to have to hit the books if you want to keep your grades up
Chris Tell me about it I already have two reports two books reports a composition an oral report and a research project—all due before midterms
Nora We could work together Maybe some of my organized study habit would rub off on you
Chris Better yet maybe you could do my homework for me
Nora Forget it That would be cheating
Chris All right all right I have yet to write a term paper Can you recommend any articles and books You’d better find me the exact pages where I can find what I want
Nora You could borrow ideas from references but if you quote without giving the sources you’re plagiarizing
Chris The quiz next week will be a headache If you don’t help me I’ll have to prepare some study sheets and hide them in my hand when I take the test
Nora Oh no If you’re caught the professor will definitely give you an F Probably you will have to repeat the year
Chris All right I’ll take your advice The library is going to be my new home and in the dorm I’ll be burning the midnight oil


Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A We’re going to have a test and I also have a term paper to finish But I haven’t done a thing I’m really worried now
B You’re going to have to have to hit the books if you want to get good grades
A But this course is so difficult that I already don’t understand it at all
B We could work together Maybe some of my organized study habit can help you
A Better yet maybe you could write a term paper for me
B Forget it That would be cheating
A All right all right I have yet to write it myself Maybe I can download some articles from the Internet and piece them together
B You could borrow ideas from those articles but if you quote without giving the sources you’re plagiarizing
A Also the test next week will be a headache If you don’t help me I’ll have to prepare a cheatsheet and hide it in my hand during the test
B Oh no If you’re caught the professor will definitely give you an F
A I’ll try to be careful
B But if the professor catches you you’ll have to repeat the year You’re just going to have to study hard
A Ok I’ll take your advice The library’s going to be my new home and in the dorm I’ll be burning the midnight oil

MODEL2 Which class do you prefer
Script
Chris First period is math with Mr Woods I don’t know how am I going to stay awake
Nora I like Mr Wood He’s interesting
Chris He’s boring He could put the entire basketball team to sleep—during the championship game Who do you have for economics
Nora Mrs Jenkins She’s smart Students really learn a lot from her
Chris She’s tough You have to work hard in her class or you’ll probably fail
Nora No pain no gain
Chris Nonsense You could have learned even more with Mr Sharp But not many students opt for his class
Nora What’s wrong with him
Chris Often the highest grade he gives on a term paper is C+ and he usually fails half of the students
Nora No wonder he’s got the nickname Mr Shark Well how about PE What are you doing this semester
Chris That’s the worst part In PE we’re learning t’ai chi I’m bored to death
Nora Haha Not to rub salt into the wound but our class is playing your favorite sport basketball
Chris Oh…that figures This is going to be a terrible semester
Nora This is going to be a great semester

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A The history class is really boring How am I going to stay awake
B I like the history teacher She’s knowledgeable She told us a lot of interesting historical events in class
A Bur I find her boring She could put the entire basketball team to sleep—during the championship game Which class do you find dull
B I hate the economics course The teacher always talks above my head So I’ve lost interest in the course
A Bur economic is my favorite The professor is smart Most students really learn a lot from him
B But he’s tough He expects a lot You have to work hard in his class or you’ll probably fail
A No pain no gain
B Actually not many students opt for his class
A What’s wrong with him
B Often the highest grade he gives on a term paper is B Last seme4stwe he failed more than a third of the students and I was one of them
A Oh that’s too bad
B Well how do you find your English teacher I don’t think much of her either
A I find her kind always willing to answer my questions she always gives me high marks
B You’re rubbing salt into my wound She failed me last semester



MODEL3 Publish or perish
Script
Chris Tell us Professor Grant What are your primary duties as a professor
Professor Grant Well I do a lot of research and writing It’s rough being an associate professor It’s publish or perish
Chris So you spent a lot of time in your office
Professor Grant Yes but I also have to prepare class motes give lectures hold office hours Teaching is an important part of being a professor
Chris With all those responsibilities you must make a lot of money
Professor Grant I wish Actually I spend a lot of tome applying foe grants to fund my research Then I can offer assistantships and scholarships to the worthy graduate
Chris I see why they call you the boss But being a professor sounds pretty competitive
Professor Grant Actually I think you were in one of my classes…
Chris Um…I think you’re mistaken Professor Grant
Professor Grant No I remember very clearly now You owe me an essay
Chris Sorry I have too much work to do for the Student Union Newsletter and I have to work two jobs to pay for school
Professor Grant So you get an F in this course


Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Professor Smith I’m from the Student Union newspaper Many students want to know a western professor’s main duties and compare them with a Chinese professor’s duties
B Well I do a lot of research and writing It’s tough to be a professor
A Chinese professor are also facing increasing pressure as they are required to do more research than before Professor Smith do you spend al lot of time on teaching
B Yes I have to prepare class notes give lectures host seminar and hold office hours In fact teaching is an important part of being a professor though some professors believe that research is more important than teaching
A With all those responsibilities you must make a lot of money I suppose
B I wish Salary is a sensitive topic in the west Let me say something about research funds Actually I spend a lot of time applying for grants to fund my research
A How are you going to use the grants
B With that money I can offer assistantships and scholarship to graduate students who can help with my research project
A Now I see why they call you boss But being a professor sounds pretty competitive
B That’s true A lot of young teachers want to be promoted to a professorship
A What you said has given us a fairly clear picture of a western professor’s primary responsibilities Thank you very much for your time
B You’re welcome
V Let’s Talk
Script
Hi everybody My topic today is Problems with Our Educational System
There are a lot of things in our educational system that I don’t agree with It seems that educators just want to give standardized tests which focus only on academic performance but neglect students’ abilities and interests in other areas I think there’re a lot of people who are very intelligent but haven’t had the opportunities they could’ve had had they been educated in a broaderminded educational systems I feel that a lot of courses that students are focused to take in high school are too academic and as a result many kids lost their interest in learning
Educators have failed to recognize various kinds of intelligence They often exert a lot of pressure on students to be as wellrounded as possible I think being wellrounded isn’t really possible And as a consequence some students who are believed to be intelligent can’t get into good colleges if they for example haven’t scored well on the math section even if they ate brilliant writers
Another thing that disturbs me is that the socalled weak students are separated from the rest of the school Some kids are kept in a separate class id their grades are lower then others And they’ve very aware of their social position you know I think it causes them to act in a way that is not really positive They’re just acting in a way that they are expected to act Often their grades go from bad to worse And that’s pretty sad to me I think that many of the kids in those classed are intelligent but never actually realize their potential because of the way they are treated very early on in their education
Problems
Results
Educators just want to give standardized tests They only focus on academic performance but neglect students’ abilities and interests in other areas
Kids lose interest in learning
Educators often exert a lot of pressure on students to be as wellrounded as possible
Some intelligent kids can’t enter good colleges
Weak students are separated from the rest of the school
Their grades go from bad to worse




Debate
SAMPLE
A Many ads about English classes for children say Don’t let your kids lose the competition just because they start later I quite agree I hear young children often learn a foreign language faster then adults
B It’s hard to say Kids may learn the pronunciation better than adults but adults usually learn vocabulary and grammar faster
A You can learn vocabulary and grammar later on but when you grow up you can hardly change your pronunciation
B But if they learn the wrong pronunciation from the beginning If they don’t learn English when they are young in the right way it’ll affect their English studies
A Anyway some good or key schools give English tests to kids before admitting them
B English is important bur other subjects like Chinese and math ate equally important If kids spend too much time on English they have little time left for other subjects
A Some people say that learning a foreign language can help develop children’s mental abilities such as memory attention span and concentration which will e of help in learning other subjects
B But too much time for studying and too little left for playing children’s moral and physical development will be affected
A Well it’s difficult for me to convince you and vice versa Let’s agree to disagree

VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 Harvard University
Script
Harvard University is the oldest institute of highest learning in her United States Founded 16years after the arrival of the Pilgrim at Plymouth the university has grown from 9 students with a single master to the present enrollment of more than 18000students including undergraduates and students in 10 graduate and professor schools Over14 000 people work at Harvard including more than 2000 faculties Harvard has produces six presidents of the United States and 34 Noel winners
During its early years Harvard offered a classic academic course based on the model of English universities but consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy Although many of its graduates became ministers in Puritan church throughout New England the university never formally affiliated with a specific religious group
Under President Pusey (19531971) Harvard started what was then the largest fundraising campaign in the history of American higher education It was an 825 million dollar program for the university The program increased faculty salaries broadened student aid created new professorships and expanded Harvard’s physical facilities
Neil L Rudenstine took office as Harvard’s 26th president in 1001 As part of an overall effort to achieve greater coordination among the university’s school and faculties Rudenstine encouraged academic planning and identified some of Harvard’s main intellectual priorities He also stressed the important of the university’s excellence in undergraduate education the significance of keeping Harvard’s doors open to students from families of different economic backgrounds the task of as aping the research university to an era of both rapid information growth and serious fund shortage
6 What is main idea of the passage
7 How many teachers did Harvard have at the very beginning
8 What was the role of religion at Harvard University was during is early years
9 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an achievement of President Pusey’s fundraising program
10 What did President Rudenstine do


Keys 1B 2A 3C 4D 5D

Task 2 The Final Exam
Script
At a university there were four sophomores taking a chemistry course They were doing so well on all the quizzes midterms labs that each had A so far for the semester
These four friends were so confident that on the weekend before finals they decided to go up to the University of Virginia and party with some friends there They had a great time but after all the hearty partying they slept all day Sunday and didn’t make it back to school until early Monday morning
Rather than taking the final then they decided to find their professor after the final exam and explain to him why they missed it They explained that they had planned to come back in time for the final exam but unfortunately they had a flat tire on the way back didn’t have a spare and couldn’t get help for a long time As a result they missed the final
The professor thought it over and then agreed they could make up the final the following day The guys were relieved and elated The next day the professor placed them in separate room hand each of them a test booklet and told them to begin
They took at the first problem worth five points It was a simple question on a chemical reaction Cool they thought at the same time each one in his separate room This is going to be easy Each finished the problem and then turned the page
On the second page was a question worth 95 points Which of the tires was flat


Task3 Applying for a place in an American University
Script
International students often underestimate the amount of time required to apply for admission to a college or university in the United States You should avoid this mistake by setting yourself a schedule that starts well in advance of the time you hope to begin your studies When setting this timetable always remember that doing things early is the best way forward To find the institution or program that will best serve your academic or professional goals allow yourself sufficient time to research thoroughly your options Then meet the application deadlines of the university to which you apply These may be as much as 10 months before the school term
The need for an early start holds true even if you can apply on the Internet University websites and other academic Internet sites may provide quick and convenient access to the required application forms but you still need time to research your options contact teachers and institutions to obtain recommendation and transcripts of academic records and sign up for required entrance exams that is standardized tests in time to meet application deadlines In fact although some students did score high on TOEFL and GRE they were not admitted because they failed to meet the deadline



For Reference
1 They often underestimate the amount of time required
2 They must allow themselves sufficient time to research thoroughly their options
3 They may provide quick and convenient access to the required application forms
4 They still need time to research your options contact teachers and institutions to obtain recommendation and transcripts of academic records and sign up for required entrance exams that is standardized tests
5 Because they failed to meet the deadline


News Report
Prince William in Chile
Script
What goes into a prince’s education today For Britain’s Prince William nature played an important role in his education this last winter as the future king went on a 10week expedition in Chile with Raleigh International
The experience was a very different one for the prince He kayaked in ocean fjords tracked a rare deer and was stranded on a beach during a storm
He also got used to sleeping on the ground—at times in a room filled with 16 people –and living in simple conditions
Those who took part called volunteers both contributed and learned The prince helped locals build wooded walkways and buildings and taught English to schoolchildren
He was described by other volunteers as hardworking humble and laidback As one said He struck a really good balance between working hard and having fun…getting on with everyone and taking on the team spirit
The prince said he liked being treated as an equal by other volunteer who came from all walks of life Around 20 percent were from problem backgrounds some having had troubles with drugs or crime
It seems that there’s a lot more to education than university and books and the Chilean forests and a little contact with regular people may do a lot of a British pri



Uint3
II Basic Listening Practice
5 Script
M Amy sit down we need to talk Your mother and I are going to separate
W What Are you crazy You can’t do that What will my friends say I just want to have a normal family
Q What is the girl saying
6 Script
M Good evening Mrs Jones The manager sent you these roses and his best wishes to you both for a happy anniversary
W Thank you We like the room and the service here and we especially appreciate the manager’s consideration
Q What can we learn from the conversation
3 Script
W While I’m scrambling the eggs could you put the flour into the bowl
M You bet darling I’ll also turn the oven on so that it gets warmed up
Q Where does this conversation probable take place
4 Script
W I have a very important meeting tonight and I’m afraid I can’t miss it
M But this evening is the parents’ meeting at school and I was expecting you’d come to it OK I’ll phone Dad maybe he and his girlfriend will come
Q What can be inferred from the conversation
5 Script
W1 So you’re still single If you’d listen to me and used the Internet you’d have a husband by now
W2 I did use the Internet I posted an ad that read Husband Wanted There were dozens of email responses But they all said pretty much the same thing You can have mine
Q What can we infer from the conversation



Keys 1C 2A3B 4C 5D

II Listening In
Task1 Reasons for a Divorce
Script
W I’m divorcing my husband
M How long have you been married
W Thirteen years
M Do you have children
W Yes and I have to protect them from any more harm from my husband’s irresponsibility
M So what are your grounds for divorce
W Well first of all he keeps changing jobs We’ve had moved four times in thirteen years
M And you believe that will be good grounds for divorce
W I do have a right to stability for my children and myself don’t I
M Aren’t they his children too
W But my husband isn’t fulfilling his duties
M Is he paying the bills
W Well yes but we just live around the poverty line Our kids are being teased by other kids at school because we can’t dress them in good clothes We have to live in a small department and drive an old car
M Does the car run
W Yes but it looks OLD
M Do you yell at him and call him names
W Well he yells at me
M So those are the reasons to not honor your husband Are you going to give him joint custody in this divorce
W No just visitation rights
M Why
W Because the law permits me to
M And what about the financial demands of this divorce
W I’m demanding half of all we have which isn’t much and large support payments


After thirteen years marriage the woman wants to divorce her husband claiming he is irresponsible When asked for the specific grounds for divorce she gives these reasons First he keeps changing jobs and the family has had to move four times in thirteen years but she wants stability for her children and herself Second although he is paying the bills they just live around the poverty line Her children are being teased by other children for not dressing good clothes Also they had to live in a small apartment and drive an old car though it still runs Worse still the husband yells at her though she admits she also yell at him and calls him names As for the divorce arrangements the woman will give the husband only visitation rights instead of joint custody Moreover the woman will demand half of all they have and large support payments


Task 2 What fourletter words
Script
Dorothy was the only child of her family born when her parents were midaged They spoiled her badly At the age of 33 she still lived at home Her mother and father treat her like a princess She seemed perfectly content with that situation so her friends were surprised when she announced she would soon get married People who knew her well said the marriage wouldn’t last long But for the present she and her new husband approached happy
As soon as the newly couple returned from their honeymoon the bride called her mother
How does everything go her mother asked
Oh Mom she began the honeymoon was lovely So romantic We had a wonderful time But on our back Bob started using terrible language Stuff I’d never heard before Really awful fourletter words You’ve got to come get me and take me home Please Mom the new bride sobbed over the telephone
But honey the mother asked What fourletter words
I can’t tell you Mom They’re too awful Come get me please
Darling you must tell me what has upset you so much Tell me what fourletter words he used
Still sobbing the bride said Mom words like dust wash iron and cook

Keys FTFFT





Task3 A Woman Who Chose Not to Remarry
Script
After 17 years of marriage my husband left me for my best friend Monica What I had feared most became reality I became the single parent of two young children My daughter grew increasingly unhappy Sevenyearold Joanna had anxiety attacks when ever she was left alone for more than a few minutes Fiveyearold Sophie would vomit every meal Under the psychological pressure I thought about remarriage My friends arranged dinner with single men and invited me to parties to meet the latest someone special
But later I changed my mind A colleague of mine said Second marriages usually end in divorce and children are destroyed by it There is some truth in his words Research published in 2004 showed that children in blended families were no more emotionally healthy than those in singleparent families
Not long ago my nowteenage daughter and I went to lunch at our favorite Italian restaurant While eating we talked about a friend of ours who was divorcing her second husband We were worried about how the break would harm her three children two of whom were struggling to get free of drugs Joanna put down her fork and looked at me Mom I’m glad you didn’t remarry she said If you had divorced again I might have tried drugs or even consider suicide At that moment I realized once again that singleness was right choice for me
11 What was the speaker most afraid of
12 Which of the following is NOT true
13 What did the speaker’s colleague say
14 Which of the following is true
15 If the speaker had divorced again what might her daughter Joanna have done


Kes 1C 2A3 B 4B 5B

IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 Is youth wasted on the young
Amy I’d like to talk to you so stop what you’re doing for a minute
Bill What is it Amy I’m having a hectic time working on this report for tomorrow’s meeting
Amy Well you’re always pretty busy and it’s been more five years almost six since we were married
Bill Yes time has gone so fast but they’ve been good years
Amy I know but I want to have a baby—I want us to have a baby
Bill I know you do But remember we said we’d wait until we could afford it
Amy But five years is a long time to wait Anyway it’s long enough
Bill I’m this close to getting a promotion
Amy What has that got to do with it We could wait forever if we wait for the perfect moment Soon we’ll be too old to enjoying having a baby
Bill You know you have a good point This report can wait I’ll do it tomorrow morning Let’s open a bottle of wine and enjoy ourselves


Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A I’ve got something important to tell you I’m pregnant
B What You’re pregnant Wow I’d love to have a baby
A Well I understand you want to be a father It’s been more than three years almost four since we were married
B Yes time has passed so quickly but we still didn’t have a baby
A I know but we can’t afford to have one now If I leave my job for more than two weeks I’ll lose it forever
B I know you will But remember if we don’t have one now it’ll be too late We’ll be busier in future
A There is something in what you said Four years is a long time to wait But I really like my job What’s more I’m very close to getting promotion
B But a baby borne by a woman in her 30s may be physically and intellectually less healthy If we wanted to hold onto your job we would wait forever Soon we’ll be too old to enjoy a baby
A You really have a point I’ll choose the baby over the job
B Good I’ll try harder to make both ends meet

MODEL2 So many people in the United States get divorced
Script
Kim Hi Amy
Amy Hi Look at this headline Kim
Kim Wow So many people in the United States get divorced
Amy But this is not uncommon in west In some places the divorce rate can be as high as 50 percent
Kim It seems strange to me that Westerners fall head heels in love quickly if not at first sight but they also leave each other quickly
Amy Is it the same in your country
Kim I don’t think so In my country some marriages break up but most couples stay together
Amy Do people get married young
Kim Not really Not many people get married before the age of 20
Amy Hmm Do woman usually work after they get married
Kim No a lot of women stay home to take care of their families But more women work now

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A It seems strange to me that Westerners fall head heels in love quickly but they also leave each other quickly
B Is it the same where you live
A I don’t think so In my country most couples stay together
B What is the divorce rate in your homeland
A The divorce rate can be as low as 10 percent
B That’s quite lower than in our country
A Well what’s the divorce rate in your country
B About 50 percent if I’m not mistaken
A Oh that’s really high
B Do people get married young
A Not really Not many people get married before the age of 22
B Many of our young people get married before 20 Is it common for women in your country to work after they marry
A Yes most wives work even after they’ve got a baby
B In my country a lot of wives stay home to look after their families

MODEL3 Why not have both our parents here for Christmas
Script
Amy You know Christmas is coming And I haven’t seen Dad for ages—he always has such great stories to tell
Bill I know we went t my folks’ last year but my Mom’s been pretty sick This might be her last Christmas
Amy She’s been ill but don’t exaggerate You just don’t like my mother That’s why you don’t want to go to my parents
Bill She’s never liked me Never thought I was good enough for you
Amy Well you’re not… But seriously Mom’s not so sad She’s just got a thick skin and likes to hide her feelings
Bill I don’t think so
Amy Why not have our both families here for Christmas
Bill That would make twentytwo of us if we invited everybody
Amy Why not just have our parents here for Christmas
Bill Good idea Just don’t sit me next to your mother

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A You know the Spring Festive is coming and we have to consider where to have the Spring Festive Eve dinner
B What have you got in mind
A Since I’ve been busy I haven’t seen mom for quite some time—she’s always been so kind to us
B I know we went t my folks’ last year but my mom’s been sick She needs comfort
A My parents also need company If I don’t have the Spring Festive Eve dinner with them for two years running they will be extremely disappointed As a matter of fact my mom is already blaming me for neglecting them
B What can we do then
A Let me think Why not invite our parents here for the dinner
B But they live so far away from us It’s inconvenient for old people
A Then we can invite four of them to a restaurant near them
B Good idea On the next morning we can visit both our parents
A And don’t forget to bring gifts


V Let’s Talk
Script
If you want me to tell you why I remarried that’s my story
Remarried is the last thing I’d consider for two years after my divorce I had heard about the high rate of remarriage failure More importantly I wondered how remarrying would affect my 10yearold son My heart ached when I saw my son draw a picture of himself my exwife and me holding hands with sadness on our faces Since my parents have married and divorce eight times altogether I hope my son would not have to go through the same pain I had experienced As a result my primary focus after divorce was my relationship with my son John not finding a wife
As time went by my son gradually grew up and he became of my loneliness and anxiety One day he asked me to consider dating The first timer he said this I ignored him The second time he brought it up I reconsidered my reservations about dating I began to date Maria As our relationship developed over the following year I was concerned about my son would actually respond to her At first John’s affection for Maria was lukewarm For instance he would hug her but the act seemed mechanical But after several times he warmed up to her Seeing that the time was ripe I asked Maria to marry me She accepted so our family of two smoothly became a family of three Thinking back I believe my remarrying was the right choice
Some singleparents are still besitant about remarrying Now that you’ve heard my story I hope you won’t hesitate and let golden opportunities slip through your fingers



Changes in the Speaker’s Attitude to Remarriage
Reasons or Detailed Description


For two years after my divorce remarriage was the last word I’d consider
1 High rate of remarriage failure
2 Remarriage would affect my son
① He drew a picture of the three of us
② My parents married and divorced eight times and I hope my son would have no such pain
③ My primary focus was my son not a wife
I ignored my son’s suggestion that I consider dating
He grew up and became conscious of my loneliness and anxiety
I reconsidered m reservation about dating and began to date Maria
The second time he brought the issue up
I was concerned about my son’s respond to her
At first his affection for her was lukewarm his hug was mechanical but several months later he warmed up to her
I asked Maria to marry me and she accepted
Seeing time was ripe
Our family of two became a family of three
I believe my remarrying was the right choice



Debate
SAMPLE
A On the whole I don’t support remarriage Too many remarriages have turned out to be unsuccessful and end in divorce
B If you say many remarriages have failed that means other remarriages have survived or even bloomed We should not only look at the dark of the issue
A But there’re too many factors contribute to the failure of a second marriage For example as you become older you may find it increasingly difficult to adjust to a different pattern of life with a new mate Once there’s a conflict neither is willing to give in
B There’re conflicts everywhere but you should not neglect that an adult has psychological and physical needs Without a companion one may feel lonely and anxious
A In a new family the husband tends to compare his new wife’s weak point with his exwife’s strong point And the wife does the same
B I wish you’d seen the film The Sound of Music The governess Maria blended so smoothly into the Captain’s family
A It is not easy for children to accept the new mother or father It is simply impossible for them to forget their birthmother’s loving care and the happy moments in their childhood
B But how happy are the Captain’s seven children with their adopted mother Maria If the new mother shows genuine care for the kids they will gradually warm to her On the other hand many children in a singleparent family are under psychological pressure and suffer from anxiety attack So the single life is not the right choice


VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 Early Marriage
Script
At the age of 12 Lisa has been married for three years to a young man she met just after finishing secondary school He treated her well She almost died during the birth of their first child born a year after their marriage The second child born 18 months later was also a girl Lately she and her husband quarrel frequently She wants to go to vocational school to learn skills to add to the family income but his mother insists she stay home and produce a son
This example is by no means exceptional Early marriage is common in many parts of the world Early marriage leads to early motherhood In some developing countries 20 percent or over half of the women give birth to their first child before the age of 18Expectations from parents inlaws and society are to produce a child as soon as possible Many young wives feel pressure to bear son This typically results in early and frequent pregnancies
In developing countries more than half a million women die every year from causes related to pregnancy There are four important reasons for these deaths Birth are either too soon too close too many or to late According to statistics it is young women who most die during pregnancy
11 At what age did Lisa give birth to her first child
12 What does Lisa want
13 Why do women in some developing countries have babies early
14 What are the reasons women die from childbirth
15 What is the main idea of the passage

Keys 1B 2D3A 4D 5C

Task 2 Nuclear Family Living Patterns
Script
A nuclear family is typical in highindustrialized societies Beginning in the early 20th century the twoparent family known as the nuclear family was the predominant American family type Generally children live with their parents until they go away to a college or university or until they acquire their own jobs and move into their own apartment or home
In the early mid20th century the family typically was the sole wage earner and the mother was the children’s principle care giver Today often both parents hold jobs Dualearner families are the predominant type for families with children in the United States Increasingly one of the parents has a nonstandard shift that is a shift that does not start in the morning and end in later afternoon In these families one of the parents manages the children while the other works
Prior to school adequate day care of children is necessary for dualearner families In recent years many private companies and homebased day care centers have sprung up fulfill this need Increasingly a company’s arrangement of day care as well as government assistance to parents requiring day care is occurring

Task3 They are coming for Christmas
Script
A man in Phoenix calls his son in New York the day before Christmas and says I hate to ruin your day but I have to tell you that your mom and I are divorcing Fortyfive years of misery is enough
Dad what are you talking about the son screams
We can’t stand the sight of each other any longer the father says We’re sick of each other and I’m sick of talking about this so you call your sister in Chicago and tell her
Frantic the son calls his sister who explodes on the phone
Oh heck they’re getting divorced she shouts I’ll take care of this Losing no time she call her father and screams at him You are not getting divorced Don’t do a single thing until I get there I’m calling my brother back and we’ll both be there tomorrow Until then don’t do anything DO YOU HEAR ME Then she quickly hangs up
The old man hangs up his phone and heaves a sigh of relief He turns to his wife and says merrily Okay they are coming back for Christmas and paying their own way


For Reference
1 He and the boy’s mother are divorcing
2 Fortyfive years of misery is enough They can’t stand the sight of each other any longer They’re sick of each other
3 He gets frantic and calls his sister
4 They will come back home and stop the parents from divorcing
5 He is happy for his son and daughter will come back for Christmas and pave their own way

News Report
Prince More Precious Than the Diamond
Script
People have long known the saying Diamonds are a girl’s best friend But this may be changing There’s a new stone on the gem market tanzanite and it is giving diamonds some serious competition
Tanzanite was one of a number of gems discovered in East Africa in the 1960s The new colors and varieties changed the gem market But the real gem among these stones was tanzanite discovered in 1967 in Tanzania The stone was named after its country of origin by New York’s Tiffany and Co which introduced it to the world It draws one’s attention quickly with its color—blue purple or bronze depending on the direction it is viewed from
More important for its value though is its rarity Tanzanite has been found in only one small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania And its supply will probably be fully mined in the next two decades
As one mining official puts it It should never have really occurred in the first place It did occur And only this one deposit on this entire planet that is known…makes it more than a thousand times rarer than diamonds And certainly within the next 15 to 20 years there will be no more tanzanite to be mined
The current value of the tanzanite market at US 10 billion is equivalent to that of diamonds And so another saying Diamonds are forever may lose some of its meaning



Uint4
II Basic Listening Practice
7 Script
M Did you pick up the paper for me today I really want to check the job vacancies
W I know it’s over there There’s not much happen though I had a look already Maybe you should look on the Net instead
Q What is the man looking for
8 Script
M You don’t have enough experience or qualifications for this role What makes you believe you could handle the position
W I’m a fast learner and enjoy learning on the job My natural skills lie in this area and I’m confident that I could handle the challenge Given a chance I would prove myself
Q What is the woman saying
3 Script
M Could you help me with my resume Jane said you’re good with these things and I really need someone to edit it It’s way too long
W Sure no problem give I to me A good resume should be no more than one page you know And it should list you experience in reverse chronological order I can see we’ve got some work to do
Q Which of the following is true according to the conversation
4 Script
M Could you tell me why you would like to work for our company
W Well it has a good reputation as an employer and its products are quite popular in the marketplace I would feel proud to work for a company like this and to contribute a great deal to its success
Q Why does the woman apply for the job
5 Script
W Where do you see yourself in five years’ time
M I aim to have been promoted to senior manager at the very least I’m very ambitious and want to climb up the career ladder as fast as possible I don’t want to feel miserable on the first rung in five years’ time watching everybody above me
Q What does the man want in fie years


Keys 1C 2D 3 A 4C 5B

III Listening In
Task 1 Tell me about yourself
Script
M Tell me a little about yourself
W I’m from Guilin City
M What brought you to the east coast
W I came to Qingdao to attend college I’m impressed by this city’s dynamic economy I’ve come to love it so much that I’ve decided to stay and work here
M What work experience do you
W I worked as an intern for a small shipping company And my primary responsibilities were to maintain the company’s ties with the existing customers and try to find new cargo sources
M And what did that experience teach you
W I learned that communication skills are extremely important The knowledge I acquired from textbooks is indeed but it is equally essential to be able to persuade a potential client t to trust you
M How would your former employer describe you
W He told me that my ability to find one customer after another was an asset to the company He thanked me for my loyalty He also appreciated my team as shown in my cooperation with my colleague
M You seem very mature for your age And I see from your resume that you are very goaloriented
W Thank you I believe I’ve acquired many good qualities from my parents They’re my role models However I know I still have a lot to learn



The woman went from Guilin City to the east coast city of Qingdao to attend college She was impressed by the latter’s dynamic economy Now shi is being interviewed for a job She says she once worked as an intern for a small shipping company to maintain the company’s ties with the existing customers and try to find new cargo sources There she learned the importance of communication skills She has realized that book knowledge is indeed necessary but it is equally essential to persuade potential clients to trust her Her former employer said her ability to find customers was an asset to the company He appreciated the loyalty and team spirit The interviewer finds her mature for her age and very goaloriented And she believes that she has acquired many good qualities form her parents but still has a lot to learn



Task 2 A Work Qualification Test
Script
Murphy applies for an engineering position at an Irish firm based in Dublin An American applied for the same job Quite by coincidence the two amplifications and were asked to take the same test by the manager of the Human Resource Department Upon completion of the test both men missed only one of the questions The manager went to Murphy and said Thank you for your interest but we’ve decided to give the American the job
Bewildered by the manager’s decision Murphy asked Why would you be doing that We both got nine questions correct This being Ireland and me being Irish I should get the job
The manger answered calmly We have made our decisions based on the correct answers but on the question you missed
Unconvinced and somewhat indignant Murphy question And just how would one incorrect answer be better than the other
The manager’s maser took him by surprise Simple on QuestionNo5 the American put down I don’t’ know’ and you put down Neither do I’



Keys FTTTFT


For Reference
1 He made his decision based on the wrong answers to the one question one missed rather than on the correct answers
2 By writing Neither do I it seems that Murphy copied the American answer on the test

Task3 A Guide to a Successful Job Interview
Script
There are times that you will be asked a hard question during a job interview Don’t panic they just want to see how you handle a difficult situation Being prepared is always the best policy Here are some samples of questions and some advice on how to handle them properly
Why should we choose you To this question you can ask yourself why you applied what makes you suitable for this question what the company can gain from hiring you what you have to offer how you would handle this jib etc
Often they ask you to tell them about yourself You can split your answer into two the professional and the personal level Both are important and how you move from one to the other depends on what you have to say You can give a brief summary of your life professional and personal with less emphasis on the early past and more emphasis on the present and the future
When asked What are your weakness don’t say I don’t have any Everyone has weakness and it takes something positive like I haven’t had a lot of exposure on the onsite work but I’m looking forward to being more involved in dealing with customers directly and learning their needs
Another common question is What are your strengths You should customize your answer to meet the position requirement Keep in mind the things they asked for in the advertisement Tell them your strengths but also show them how they how they would apply to this job To show how your strengths were valuable use the Why where when how to demonstrate and prove your strengths


16 What is the passage mainly concerned with
17 What does the speaker NOT mention as an answer to the question Why should we choose you
18 What does the speaker say you should stress when introducing yourself
19 What does the speaker advice you NOT to say when asked What are your weaknesses
20 What should you say when asked about your strong points


Kes 1C 2C3 B 4A 5D


For Reference
Why should we choose you Tell me about yourself What are your weaknesses and What are your strength


IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 Can you give me some tips about how to get a good job
Susan John can you give me some tips about how to get a good job
John Did you go to the job fairs and meet with companies
Susan Yeah I did But they didn’t seem to be interested in women I thought about suing then for sexual discrimination
John I’m afraid it won’t be much help Have you looked at the want ads in the newspaper
Susan I’ve been checking the want ads every day for a week but I can’t find anything interesting that I’m qualified for And the few that I have seen are very lowpaying
John Then try the Internet You can use a search engine to find a job site related to your field
Susan Good thinking Thanks I think I’ll look for something in electronic engineering
John Hey I just saw a job opening at a company called ETech It could be just the sort of thing you’re looking for
Susan Great I’ll try my luck there
John Yeah but if I remember the deadline is this afternoon
Susan This afternoon Oh no I’d better get online quickly and see if I can submit my resume by Email
John Wait have you updated your resume You’d better include your work experience from the IT company last summer
Susan Don’t worry It’s all set Thanks mate
John Any time Sue

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Can you give me some tips about how to get a good job
B What have you done so far
A I’ve asked a few friends and relatives for job information but it’s not of much use
B That method is out of date You should go to the job fair and meet wit companies
A Yes I did But IT industry seems to have been badly hit the economic recession and not many companied came to the job market As for those who did come they set a high standard for the candidates
B To find more opportunities you might as well look at the want ads in the newspaper

A I’ve been checking the want ads regularly for months and I can’t find anything good that I’m qualifies for And the few that I have seen are very lowpaying
B On the Internet you can find more job ads You can use a search engine to find job sites related to your field
A Good idea I think I’ll look for something in software development
B I just found a job available at a computer company on the Net the other day It might be just the sort of thing you’re looking for
A Great I’ll take a chance on that
B Remember to update your resume before you send it in It’ll be plus for you if you include your recent work experience at the IT company
A Sure Thanks

MODEL2 Do you have any tips for a successful interview
Script
Susan John do you have any tips for a successful interview
John Well first of all you need to dress professionally
Susan Oh what about during the interview
John Ok be sure to maintain good eye contact and answer all questions politely and directly Don’t look too shy nor should you sound too aggressive
Susan I’m not sure what kind of questions they’ll ask
John They’ll probably want to know a little about your work experience Many companies don’t want a completely green hand They don’t want to spend time and money on training
Susan Fortunately I gained some experience at an IT company during the last summer holiday
John They may also want to know something about your character You see ability for teamwork is usually valued
Susan What kind of questions should I ask them
John You should ask them about the job requirements and about the company
Susan Should I ask about salary and fringe benefits
John Better not Not unless they bring it up Just use the first interview to sell yourself
Susan You’re right If they are interested in hiring me there will be plenty of chances to talk about money later
John Right And the more interested they are the more they’ll offer

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Can you give me some advice on how to succeed in an interview
B Well first of all you need to pay attention to your appearance You have to dress appropriately
A What do you mean by appropriately
B It’s often best to wear a suit Some bosses don’t like to see a candidate on a dirty Tshirt and jeans
A I see Careless clothes may be an indicator of careless attitude in work
B Right on Also many employers are unwilling to hire a young man with his hair dyed red or yellow
A Then what about during the interview
B You should speak politely but firmly If you look too shy they may suspect you are not capable of dealing with a challenging task
A I’m not sure what kind of questions they’ll ask
B They’ll probably want to know something about your work experience Companies usually don’t want an entirely new hand They don’t want to spend time and money on training
A Fortunately I gained some experience at a law of firm during the last summer holiday I worked as an intern to provide free legal advice for those who need it
B Oh I see this is what they called legal assistance to the needy Also a company may want to know something about your character You see team players are often valued above all others
A What kind of questions should I ask them
B You should ask them about the job requirements and about the company
A I hear that many companies asked the candidates what salary they expect
B That’s true You have to inquire about the possible salary level for a green hand in advance If the salary you expect is reasonable this shows that you know the professions well and will have a good impression on the interviewer

A Oh I’ve learned so much from you A thousand thanks
MODEL3 Our best bet is to recruit from the competition
Script
Helen Our company is starting from scratch so we don’t have the expertise to compete
Bill Then our best bet is to recruit from the competition
Helen We need managers who know how to be strong yet know how to give employees their freedom
Bill That’s essential especially in the computer industry Often computer experts like to work on their own
Helen We also don’t believe that a right management system will work wonders for our company
Bill Um…that philosophy will help you attract many worthwhile people
Helen I remember your friend David Miller is the CEO of a management recruitment agency I hope he’ll help us start a recruitment drive
Bill Certainly And it’s a good time too A number of firms have been downsizing
Helen Good So lots of capable people out there are interested in bigger and batter things But can David help us pin them down
Bill Sure Helen That’s why they call them headhunters


Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A What can I do for you
B I’m looking for a public relations manager at our advertising company
A Do you have any specific requirement for such a manager
B Well first of all she must be a good leader who know to be strong yet knows how to allow people freedom Only in this way can she give full play to the employees’ enthusiasm
A Oh that’s essential for leader in many companies What other qualities do you expect of the manager
B She must be skilled in interpersonal communications You see without such skill one can hardly get a job well done
A I can’t agree more Is that all
B Not yet If she happens to have a wide network of business connections it’ll be a great assert to the company
A I see We’ll try our best to find one who meets your requirements
B Do you think you can pin one down quickly
A Probably You see a number of firms have been downsizing So it’s a good time for headhunting
B Good That’s why they call you headhunters
V Let’s Talk
Script
Good afternoon everyone The university’s Career Office asked me to give a talk on the topic of how to prepare for job interviews This is probably the most important aspect in securing a job Here are some tips I believe to be useful
First do some research are Once you have this information make a list of what skills or knowledge you have that would be valuable to them You cannot sell yourself to them if you don’t know what it is you are selling
The next thing to consider is your physical appearance You have to dress right for job interviews Don’t wear anything too flashy being neat and clean is more important than wearing the latest fashion The aim is to look professional without overdoing it Also it is important that you feel comfortable If you are not comfortable with a tie it might be best not to wear one unless the job requires you to dress this way The last thing you want is to be worried about your appearance during the interview It will only make you nervous and you will quickly lose confidence
Mover over you have to work out what you need to take with you A copy of your CV originals and copies of your qualification paper copies of reference samples of your work if applicable and anything else that they may want to see Again make sure everything is well organized and neatly presented Don’t take a pile of paperwork that you have to sift through for ten minutes to find something That will give them the impression that you are disorganized If you are well prepared you’re likely to have good luck


Things to Do
More Details


Tip1
1 Do some research on the company
2 Make a list of what skills or knowledge you have that would be valuable to them
Find out what products it makes who its customers are and what its objective is



Tip2


Take care over your physical appearance
⑴ Dress right Don’t wear anything too flashy neat and clean are more important than the latest fashion
⑵ Feel comfortable Being worried about your appearance during the interview will make you nervous and you will quickly lose confidence



Tip3



Work out what to take with you
⑴ Prepare a copy of your resume originals and copies of your qualification papers copies of references and samples of your work
⑵ Make sure everything is well organized and neatly presented

Discussion
SAMPLE
A After listening to the career officer’s talk I’ve now realizes the importance of getting prepared for an interview
B Quite true First of all we should never be late for an interview If you’re not punctual they’ll suspect that you’ll be late for work in future
A Before going to the interview we had better pay attention to our dress We must look professional without overdoing it Careless clothes will lead them into thinking that you’re likely to do your job carelessly
B During the interview it is important to look confident without being too pushy It’s necessary to maintain eye contact This shows your interest in the conversation and helps to maintain the communication between you and the interviewer
A Many employers attach importance to the education you’ve received We need to highlight those courses especially valuable to the company
B Book knowledge is not enough We must show them we have practical experience in the field Tell them about our internship and emphasize the skills that are useful in the job we’re seeking
A How clever you are These days many students want to tell the prospective employer that they have a good command of English and have obtained a College English Test Band 4 Certificate
B They’re also eager to tell interviewer about their computer skills with PowerPoint office automation and so on Students from nonkey universities especially need certificates to shoe they’ve acquired those skills before they can hope to compete against students from prestigious universities
A Character is considered an important factor in contemporary society where teamwork is a must
B But too many students are saying more or less the same thing If everybody says I’m warmhearted and cooperative get along well with my classmates and have good team spirit the boss will soon get fed up
A Perhaps we should let the work we’ve done shoe our character
B Right on Participation is important If you can show them you’re an important official of the Student Union of the university or the department or you’ve organized a singing competition and won an award obviously you’re a good team player


VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 The Role Memory Plays in Our Life
Script
Your resume or CV in British English has one mission and one mission only to get you a job interview Your resume is usually the first impression an employer has of you And as you never get a second chance to make a first impression youd better get it right firs time Here’re some suggestions that may be of use in preparing a resume First use a design that demands attention Employers don’t have time to read through each of your job descriptions to know if you have the skills they need The design of your resume must do it for them Your resume should be concise wellorganized and relevant It should emphasized the most important and relevant points about your experience skills and education
Second put important information first List important information at the beginning of your job descriptions Put statements in your resume in order of importance and relevance to the job you want A powerful statement with exact numbers influences every statement that follows
Third target the job You will have more success if you adjust your resume and cover letter for the specific skills another job In other words you need to repackage yourself In that way an employer will see immediately that you correspond to the job description It is not dishonest to repackage yourself You are simply pressing yourself and your skills in the best light for a particular employer This will help you to get more interviews and allow you to apply for a wider range o jobs


16 Why does the speaker say the resume is important
17 According to the passage why should you emphasize the most important point about yourself
18 Where does the speaker advise putting the important information in your job description
19 How many resumes would the speaker advise you to write if you applied for three jobs
5 Which of the following makes a good title for the passage

Keys 1C 2A 3A 4C 5B

Task 2 Two Essential Factors in an Interview
Script
When applying for a job especially a job you really want It’s not usually to feel nervous and anxious Sometimes it’s this anxiety not our qualifications that keeps us from obtaining our dream job
So you must overcome your nervousness and build up confidence This often involves two factors one mental and the other physical Mentally it’s important to prepare yourself for the interview without obsessing over it Remember it might be your dream job but it won’t be the end of the world if you don’t get it Tell yourself that the company would be lucky to get you and if they choose someone else it will be their loss In essence you need to build your selfconfidence Your ability to answer all questions without hesitation will certainly impress the interviewer
Now that you are mentally ready for any question that might be thrown your way it’s time to work on your physical presentation No matter what position you are applying for your physical appearance at the interview will be a big factor in the final determination It’s always a good idea to wear a suit it doesn’t have to be a designer suit but something plain and conservative Do not dress too informally For example don’t wear a red fashionable jacket for your interview Make sure too that it is clean and pressed This may seem like common sense but you’d be surprised how careless some applicants are While it’s not necessary to visit the beauty salon before your interview make sure that your nail are wellmanicured and your hair is styled carefully and neatly


Task3 An Interview That Upsets the Boss
Script
John was in a terrible accident at work and lost both of his ears Since he was permanently disfigured he settled with the company for a fairly large compensation and decided to invest the money in a small but growing telecom business After weeks of negotiations he bought the company Then he realized that he knew nothing about running such a business and quickly set out to hire someone who could do that for him
So he set up three job interviewers The first guy was great He knew everything the company needed and was very interesting At the end of the interview John asked him Do you notice anything different about me And the gentleman answered Why yes I couldn’t help notice you have no ears John got very upset and threw him out
The second interview was with a woman and she was even better than the first guy He asked her the same question Do you notice anything usually about me and the she replied Well you have no ears Again John got furious and tossed her out
The third and the last interview was the best of all three It was with a very young man who was fresh out of college He was smart and handsome And he seemed to be a better businessman than the firs two put together John was anxious to employ him but asked him the same question Do you notice anything different about me
And to his surprise the young man answered Yes you wear contact lenses
John was amazed and said What an incredibly observant young man How in the world did you know that
The young man laughed and replied Well it’s pretty hard to wear glasses with no ears


For Reference
1 He lost both of his ears
2 Because he realized that he knew nothing about running the business after he bought it
3 Because the interviewee said he noticed that John had no ears and John got upset
4 He said he noticed John wore contact lenses
5 He thought it was pretty difficult to wear glasses with no ears

News Report
A Galaxy of Film Prize Winners
Script
The European Film Awards—First Hollywood then Cannes and now Pairs
The European Film Awards ceremony was held in Pairs in early December honoring the best in European and world films
Lars von Trier’s Dancer in the Dark was the overall winner of the evening receiving awards for the best European film and best actress—Bjork
The audiences was disappointed however as neither von Trier Bjork nor the Oscarwinning Italian director Roberto Benigni showed up to accept awards
Still other prize winners did come The Irish actor Richard Harris who was given an award for lifetime achievement gave a humorous thankyou speech that was the high point of the evening
Another internationally known actor Jean Reno also gave an enthusiastic thankyou speech The French actor received an award for European achievement in world cinema for his international firm career
Other VIPs from around Europe also attended But most of the prizes at the ceremony which people have been calling the European Oscars went to French films
There was one international film award which went to a FrenchHong Kong coproduction Wong Karwai’s In the Mood for Love

Uint5
II Basic Listening Practice
9 Script
W I bought a camera from your store Here’s my receipt I know it’s just warranty period but the camera hasn’t worked properly for some time and now it’s not focusing at all
M We’re sorry you’ve has problem with one of our cameras I t seems that the camera has suffered some damage but you’ve been a regular customer and we’d like to look after this problem for you I’ll just give you a replacement
Q What will the man do
10 Script
W We’re upright all our staff equipment and we’ll need 50 laptops are 1st of next month In the past I’ve always found of your prices to the best
M You’re right about that we do have the lowest prices in the country We’d be glad to fill your order Just send me the specs for each and I’ll send you a quote that I’m sure you will take
Q What does the man mean
3 Script
W We ordered 50 from your company but on the invoice I see there’s an extra charge for shopping I thought shipping was included in the quote
M Shipping is included there must be a mistake on the invoice I’ll straighten on the mistake and send you a new invoice
Q Which of the following is true
4 Script
M This was s timesensitive document There’s no point in delivering it three hours late
W I’m sorry sir Perhaps I could connect you to our complaints department if you wish to take it further
Q What is true of the document
5 Script
M We were very surprised to receive such bad service from a company we’ve done business with in the past So now we have this problem and I’d like to know what you’re going to do about it
W I think this is the result of a breakdown in communication and we need to look at our communication methods both internally and externally Obviously we want to keep our clients happy and unfortunately we’ve fallen short this time I’m here to make sure it won’t happen again
Q What is the reason of the problem according to the woman

Keys 1C 2D 3 A 4B 5C

III Listening In
Task 1 Attending a Business Reception
Script
Chris I’ve been looking forward to this reception for weeks I can’t wait to get sure of my own leads You know start making new connections
Nora Smart thinking But what are you going to do with all those brochures
Chris The party ends at two I figure I can have them all distributed by onethirty
Nora No no no no Let me clue you in Those brochures will make you look like a green hand
Chris What should I do then
Nora Hand out business cards That’s the way to do it
Chris I don’t understand what’s wrong with these brochures about our company
Nora This room is going to be filled with potential clients but there is an unwritten law you leave your work at the door
Chris But how am I supposed to get anything of this if we can’t talk business
Nora You have business cards Get out there and exchange cards Just get a card for a card
Chris Then follow up on Monday
Nora You catch on quick Let’s split up so we can cover more ground
Chris Great idea This is going to be a piece of cake I’ll meet you back here at two

Chris and Nora are going to a reception Chris is eager to making new connections As the party ends at two he intends to have all those brochures distributed by one thirty But Nora disagrees saying that those brochures will make him look like a green hand She advises him just to hand out business card and leave his work at the door But Chris wonders how he can get anything out of this if she can’t talk business To this Nora insists that he should just get a card for a card Chris catches on quickly and knows that he can hand out business cards now and follow up on Monday Finally Nora suggests splitting up so that they can cover more ground Chris feels it will be a piece of cake and promise to meet her back there at two

Task 2 A Work Qualification Test
Script
Once there was a Scottish accountant The business has been in the family for generations and generations Over time with the countless clients that had gone in and out of the office the marble step in front of the building had developed a big deep dip in it from all the wear and tear
The accountant’s friends kept telling him that he had better get it replaced otherwise he’d be sued if anyone ever slipped and fell
Reluctantly the accountant called a stonemason to get a quote for the repairs When the stonemason got there the accountant demanded a price for a new step
Ah big job said the e stonemason But I suppose I could give you a new step for a hundred pounds The accountant was stunned Are you crazy man I can’t pay you a hundred pounds Thinking about it for a second he turned to the stonemason and asked What would you charge me to dig up the step and turn it over so that the worn part is in the ground and I’d get a new square step The stonemason hesitated 20pounds
Do it Demanded the accountant And call me when you’re done
The accountant went back inside to read his books but after only 15minutes the stonemason rang the bell As the accountant opened the door he saw the stonemason standing there pointing to a deep dip in the step The stonemason laughed as he said Your greatgreat granddaddy thought of that a hundred and fifty years ago

Keys FTFFT


For Reference
3 countless clients that had gone in and out of the office
4 He turn the step over so that the worn part was in the ground

Task3 Where to Start Your Business
Script
You have to consider the location when launching a business You will be planning your business tree there and will have to maintain it for years to come You have to keep in mind a few things when deciding on a place t open your business
First of all you have to take the local economy into consideration Is your local area growing and building Are the market trends good Even if you have to locate your business farther from your home try to find a place that is building up and bringing people in The worst thing you can do is to pick a place that is in the bad area of town because it is less expensive Your address can be the first thing people will ask for and it can say a lot about your business
The second thing you have to bear in mind is the job market Since unemployment is low in most area in the Unites States consider what type of employees you will need and find out if there are many in your area The amount of money that you will have t o spend I the recruiting phase could be an indicator that you should or should not locate the business in an area with a different employee pool
Another factor people have to consider is whether you can integrate with the local community and get to love it To make the community warm to you you should become involved in it by joining the local Chamber of Commerce Business Association City Council Committees or other local organization that could offer you help Why plan on retiring one day to some great location Why not move there now and start your dream business
21 What is the speaker mainly talking about
22 What must you find if you are going to locate a business at a distance from your home
23 According to the speaker what is the worst thing you can do
24 What will the recruiting money tell you
25 What can you do the get on well with the locate people

Kes 1D 2C3 C 4A 5C

For Reference
To decide on a good business location one has to consider the local economy the job market there and whether you can integrate wit the local community


IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 I am having cash problems
Bill Helen you started this company only a year ago If you want it to grow I’m afraid you need to do something about cash flow
Helen Bill although you’ve worked here only for a couple of months you already know this company inside out I am having cash problems
Bill Clearly you don’t have the money you need to buy the equipment to be competitive You have just barely enough funds to cover your daytoday operational expenses
Helen I think my best bet is to secure a smallbusiness loan
Bill I don’t think that’s possible It seems to me you don’t have the collared for a loan
Helen What can I do then
Bill Try the Small Business Association They help underwrite loans for a small business
Helen So even though I don’t have much collateral I can still quality for a loan
Bill Under this special program possibly
Helen That would really help me cover our overhead I just need to get some time to get the revenues up
Bill Apply for the smallbusiness loan and keep your fingers crossed

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A You’ve worked as a consultant for a long time so you know the company inside out I’m having cash problems
B I see If you want the company to grow I’m afraid you need to have more funds Clearly you don’t have the money you need to buy the equipment to be competitive You just barely have enough funds to cover your daytoday operating expenses
A I think my best bet is to ask the bank loan
B I don’t think that’s the best solution Nowadays the interest rates are very high You’ll have a difficult time paying back the loan
A What can I do then
B Try a business incubator
A What can I get from them
B They offer a range of services such as consultancy training and more importantly venture capital
A Can I really get venture capital from them
B Possibly if you prove your company is promising
A Good that would really help me cover our overhead I just need some time to get revenues up
B Well apply for a risk investment and keep your fingers crossed

MODEL2 I have some very bad news
Helen Bill I’ve been searching for a loan but I was rejected everywhere Now I’m afraid I have some very bad news
Bill What is it
Helen Well the company has been experiencing serious financial difficulties for quite a long time now
Bill I know we’ve been operating in the red for the past few months
Helen Exactly After a long discussion with my partners I’ve come to the conclusion that the best course of action is to file for bankruptcy
Bill What Bankruptcy I didn’t know you were in this kind of serious financial trouble
Helen Sales have been low all year long Now two of our leading competitors are discussing a merger Then we’ll have to face even stiffer competition I feel the situation is going to go from bad to worse We simply can’t afford to keep our doors open for long
Bill When do you plan to make the announcement to tell all the employees
Helen Early next week
Bill What kinds of severance package will we able to offer them
Helen Unfortunately the best we can do is offer one month’s salary
Bill Oh How terrible OK I’ll contact Vivitek and see if they are interested in acquiring our company

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A I have some very bad news
B What’s that
A The company’s products haven’t sold well for a long time you know
B Yeah I know we’ve been operating a t a loss for several months
A Exactly And after a long discussion with my partner I’ve come to the conclusion that the best course of action is to file for bankruptcy
B What Bankruptcy I’d suggest that you find a merger partner instead With combined strength we can face the stiff market competition
A Our sales have been low a long time Who will be willing to merger with us
B You can tell them we have a team of welltrained skilled workers and our equipment is not technologically backward In fact we have a lot of to offer
A Sorry but I’m still not confident at all I still prefer to declare bankruptcy
B When do you plan to make it known to the staff
A Sometimes next month
B What kind of severance package are you going to offer them
A Unfortunately the best we can do is offer one month’s salary
B That’s terrible

MODEL3 We’ve been looking for a merger partner
Script
Bill I hear that Vivitek has been considering acquiring a CD manufacturer for some time
Jessica That’s quite true What’s on your mind
Bill My boss Helen thinks that our company would be a good match for Vivitek And we’ve been looking for a merger partner
Jessica Are you sure youroperation has much to bring to the table
Bill Definitely The quality of our products is firstrate and we have many reliable sales out lets What’s more Vivitek can propel us to even greater heights It will be an allaround excellent match
Jessica I think it might be though we have yet to discuss details
Bill As a matter of fact we’ve already received a few attractive bids
Jessica Well we of curse need to come up with a plan that is attractive for both parties
Bill True but my boss has to keep our shareholders’ interests in mind
Jessica It’s reasonable to keep your employees’ welfare in mind
Bill Yes we don’t want to disappoint them
Jessica Then let’s talk about specifics

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A I hear that your corporation has considered acquiring a software development company for some time
B That’s quite true What’s on your mind
A We’ve been looking for a merger partner And we think our company would be a good match for you
B Definitely We have a number of firstrate programmers (program writers\software engineers) and one of our software products is a hit
A Then why do you want a merger
B We can certainly survive on our own The problem with us is that we don’t as many reliable sales outlets as you have We hope your company can propel us to even greater heights
A As a matter of fact we’ve already received a few attractive bids So we have to be cautious in making a decision
B I hope you will find our company an allaround excellent match The merger wil turn out to be a winwin (doublewin\twowin) situation
A I think that might be though we still have to discuss specifics
B Well we of curse need to work out a scheme that is attractive for both parties
A True we have to keep in mind the interests of the shareholders of both sides
B Good That’s why they call you headhunters

V Let’s Talk
Script
Martin Dick would you review the result of the survey on leisure sporting activities We need to plan our proposal for this Friday’s business meeting
Dick Sure I’ve summarized the results in the handouts broken down by customer age groups and sporting activities The survey was administered to 550 men and women between the age of 18 and 55 years old and the results have been compiled in the following age groups 18to 26 27to 3536to 45 and 46to 55 According to the results the most active group involved in sporting activities is between 18 and 26 years old followed by those 36to 45 years old
Martin Okay
Dick As far as particular sports are concerned people in these two groups cited jogging as their favorite recreational sport followed by skiing tennis swimming and cycling
Martin And what about these groups broken down by gender
Dick Oh Martin thanks for bringing that up Men appears to be slightly more active than women in the 18 to 26 yearold age group but women seem more active in the other three groups
Martin Hmm Based on what you have said I think we should consider targeting the 18 to 26 yearold age group more in the future I also feel we should consider expanding our line of athletic shoes particularly jogging shoes and tennis footwear We also have to come up with a more appealing slogan aimed at this age group
Dick I see what you mean However the 46 to 55 age group is becoming more concerned about staying fit I believe this trend will continue so we should not neglect them
Martin I see your point Well let’s meet again on Wednesday to iron out more details of this proposal


Results of the Survey

Age Groups
The two most active age groups in sporting activities are those between 18 and 26 years old and those 3645 years old

Sporting Activities
The sports those two groups like are in the order of jogging skiing tennis swimming cycling

Gender
In the 1826 yearold group men appear to be slightly more active than woman
In the other three groups women seem to be more active

Decisions Based on the Survey
Targeting
The 1826 yearold age group
Expanding
The line of athletic shoos particularly jogging shoes and tennis footwear

Not neglecting
The 46 to 55 age group because they are becoming more concerned about staying fit

Discussion
SAMPLE
A How many people do you think we have to survey before we can have a clear idea about the sales potential for each product
B I think our survey must be administered to at least 300 men and women of various ages incomes and occupations Otherwise the results won’t be reliable
A Perhaps we can use our common sense to predict the results
B Obviously young people pay more attention to their clothes than older people and they tend to buy more
A It’s clear that women are more active in buying dresses Our production should target women
B What do you think about the various income groups Do you think we should aim mainly at the high income group
A It’s hard to say Some rich people are very careful with their money So we have to wait until the investigation results come out
B Now let’s switch to sports shoes Which group do you think may be active
A I guess the young people may buy the most because many of them like sports a great deal
B I think this group will be followed by the old group instead of the middleaged group The old people are becoming more concerned about staying fit
A I agree And I believe this trend will continue so we shouldn’t neglect them
B What may be the result broken down by gender
A Many people think men are more active than women but I’m not quite sure
B Ok let’s carry out our survey as early as possible and let facts speak for themselves

VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 Hot Business Ideas
Script
Business ideas are all around you Many business ideas come from a careful analysis of market and consumer needs If you are interested in starting a business but don’t know what product or service you might sell here are some ways that may help you find one
First of all you should study how to value to an existing product The difference raw wood and finished wooden products is a good example of putting a product through an additional process that increases its value
But additional processes are not the only way value can be added You might also add services or combine one product with other products For instance a local farm which sells produce can also offer a vegetable delivery service—for a free
What business ideas can you develop along these lines Focus on what products you might buy and what you might do to them or with them to create a profitable business
Some people have another way of making profit They improve an existing products or service We all know that the person who can build a better mousetrap will make a lot of money That person could be you A local entrepreneur has created an improved version of the hula hoop It’s bigger and heavier so hulahoopers can control it more easily and do more tricks How did she come up with this business idea She thought hula hooping would be a fun thing to do with her daughter but found the commercially available product too flimsy
There are very few products or services that can’t be improved Start generating business ideas by looking at the products and services you use and brainstorming ideas as to how they could be better
20 What is the first way the speaker mentions that helps you produce a business idea
21 Which of the following methods does the speaker NOT mention
22 Why does the speaker mention the mousetrap
23 Which of the following is true according to the passage
24 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage

Keys 1C 2B 3B 4A 5D

Task 2 What do you know about business
Script
Historically the term business referred to activities or interests By extension the word became as recently as the 18th century synonymous with an individual commercial enterprise When referring to activities the terms business and industry sometimes appear interchangeable Thus a fisherman might say either that he is in the fishing business which is a bit colloquial or that he works in the fishing industry which sounds somewhat formal The word trade may serve as an equivalent of both business and industry
People establish business in order to perform economic activities With some exceptions such as nonprofit organizations and institutions of the government businesses exist to product profit In other words the owners and operators of a business have receiving or generating a financial return for their time effort and capital as one of their main objectives
One can classify businesses in many different ways In recent years service businesses have become increasingly popular They offer intangible products and typically have different usually smaller capital requirements than manufacturers Distributors need smaller funds than manufacturers
Most laws specify the forms that a business can take and a body of commercial law has been developed for each type Some common types include partnerships corporations also called limited liability companies and sole ownerships

Task3 An office boy or a billionaire
A jobless man applied for the position of office boy at Microsoft The human resource manger interviewed him and gave him a test clean the floor
You are engaged he said give me your email address and I’ll send you the application form to fill and tell you when you will start The man replied I don’t have a computer or an email
I’m sorry said the HR manager if you don’t have an email that means you don’t exist And whoever doesn’t exist can’t have the job
The man left with no hope at all He didn’t know what to do with only 10 dollars in his pocket He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy a crate of tomatoes He sold the tomatoes in a doorto door round In less than two hours he succeeded in doubling his capital He repeated the operation three times and returned home with 60 dollars The man realizes that he could survive this way and started to go out early and returned late every day
Thus his money doubled or tripled every day A little later he bought a cart then a trunk then he has his own fleet of delivery vehicles Five years later the man was one of the biggest food retailers in the United States He started to plan his family’ future and decided to buy life insurance He called an insurance broker and chose a protection plan Before the conversation was concluded the broker asked him for his email address The man replied I have no email
The broker replied You don’t have an email and yet have succeeded in building an empire Can you imagine what you could have been you had an email
The man replied An office boy at Microsoft

For Reference
1 If you don’t have an email that means you don’t exist And whoever doesn’t exist can’t have the job
2 He sold the tomatoes in a doorto door round In less than two hours he succeeded in doubling his capital He repeated the operation three times and returned home with 60 dollars
3 He bought a cart then a trunk then he has his own fleet of delivery vehicles Five years later the man was one of the biggest food retailers in the United States
4 He started to plan his family’ future and decided to buy life insurance He called an insurance broker and chose a protection plan
5 He thought that with an email he would have become an office boy at Microsoft
News Report
A Historic Settlement between the Law and Business
Script
Bill Gates Microsoft Chairman
We hope that when the state attorney general fully reviewed the settlement they will also agree that it’s the right way forward Litigation is never a good thing for any industry or any company We have said for some time that we would go the extra mile to resolve this case That is exactly what we did in reaching this settlement
The experience of the past the three years hs had a profound impact on me personally and on our company We are in a fastmoving competitive industry but we will focus more on how our actions affect other companies
John Ashcroft US Attorney General
Today we are announcing a strong historical settlement reached by the Department of Justice and the Microsoft Corporation that will put an end to Microsoft’s unlawful conduct bring effective relief to the marketplace and ensure that consumers will have more choices in meeting their needs of computing and working with their computers This settlement is the right result for consumers and for businesses the right result for the economy and the right result for government It provides prompt effective certain relief for consumers and removes the uncertainty in the computer market a critical factor in today’s economy

Unit 6
II Basic Listening Practice
11 Script
W Are those cigarettes yours I thought you quit If you go back to it your teeth and fingers will be nicotinestained your breath and clothes will smell smoky
M I didn’t I swear Ads showing diseased lungs kept me from starting again Believe me I’ll never again be a slave to smoking
Q Why didn’t the man go back to smoking
Script
M What’s that noise It’s really loud Sounds like gunshots
W It’s the local youth throwing firecrackers Don’t go out They’re likely to throw one at you or put one through the letterbox if you bother them
Q What may the young people do
3 Script
M I wish I had left my wallet at home But I’m sure I put it in my back pocket
W Oh no it’s easy for a pickpocket to take it from there You should out your money in your breast pocket
Q What should the man do according to the conversation
4 Script
M I hate that subway station Whenever you come our you’re always plagued by beggars
W I know but the kids really get to me I can’t help but feel sorry for them They look so miserable
Q What do the man and woman think about the young beggars
5 Script
M The bank call me today they wanted to know if I spent 3000 dollars in a furniture shop this morning Of course I didn’t
W Someone must’ve made a copy of your credit card It’s easily done You’ll have to cancel it at once and get a new one Hopefully the bank will cover the damage
Q What does the woman recommend the man to do


Keys 1C 2C3 B 4A 5D


III Listening In
Task 1 How to Solve Unemployment Problem
Script
Alan I have a meeting with my accountant tomorrow morning She’s preparing my income tax return and I need to go over some of the receipts with her
Pamela Income tax return Don’t you think the government just squanders our hardearned tax on some unnecessary projects
Alan Sure someone they do but we are living pretty well and to be honest I don’t mind paying taxes If I’m paying income tax it means I’m earning would be much lower
Pamela If the poor would just get jobs our taxes would be much lower
Alan Most people would rather work than receive charity but the situation is complex sometimes there are no jobs that they are trained for
Pamela Then they should take the needed training—upgrade their skills and knowledge to become more employable
Alan Training and upgrading cost money Some government tax dollars are directed to programs that help the poor get jobs
Pamela But even when jobs are available some of the unemployed don’t want to work They would rather have a handout
Alan It’s partly a matter of education Some people have to be educated to realize how much fuller their life would be if they were not dependent on charity
Pamela I think the government should attack unemployment by reducing the tax rate That would put more money into people’s pockets then they would spend more and the spending would create more jobs for the poor
Alan Many people would agree with you

Alan’s accountant is preparing his income tax return so he needs to go over some of the receipts wit her Pamela complains that the government just squanders people’s hardearned tax money on some unnecessary projects But Alan does not mind paying taxes saying it means he is earning money which is better than living on charity Pamela insists that if the poor would just get jobs taxes would bee much lower Alan disagrees saying most people would rather work than receive charity but sometimes there are no jobs that they are trained for But Pamela asserts that the jobless people should take the needed training to upgrade their skills and knowledge to become more employable Alan believes that some of the government tax dollars are already directed to training and upgrading programs that help the poor to get jobs When Pamela says some of the unemployed don’t want to work preferring to have handouts Alan points out that some people have to be educated to realize how much fuller their life would be if they ere not dependent on charity Pamela is however more downtoearth thinking the government should attack unemployment by reducing the tax rate That would give people more money then they would spend more which would create more jobs for the poor


Task 2 A Professional Gambler
Script
In a bar a guy told the bartender I’m a professional gambler I’ve made of lots of money from gambling
The bartender answered I can hardly believe it Your odds are fiftyfifty at best right
Well I only bet on sure things said the guy
Like what asked the bartender
The bartender thought about it Okay he said
So the guy pulled out his false right eye and bit it Ah you screwed me said the bartender and paid the guy fifty dollars
I’ll give you another chance I’ll bet you another fifty dollars that I can bite my left eye said the stranger
The bartender thought it over again and said Well I can see you’re not blind I’ll take that bet
So the guy pulled out his false teeth and bit his left eye And the bartender had to pay him another fifty dollars
Then the guy went to the back room to play cards with some of the locals After many hours of drinking and card playing he stumbles up to the bartender and said Bartender I’ll give you one last chance I’ll bet you 500 dollars that I can dump tomato juice into that whiskey bottle three foot away without spilling a drop
The bartender thought the guy must be drunk now Okay you’re on he said
The guy began dumping tomato juice all over the bartender but no a drop fell into the whiskey bottle
The bartender was overjoyed Laughing the bartender said Hey pal you owe me five hundred dollars
The guy said That’s okay I just bet the guys in the card room1 000 bucks each that I could dump tomato juice all over you but you still laugh

Keys TFTFT

For Reference
5 Because not a drop tomato juice fell into the whiskey bottle and he was to win the bet of 500 dollars
6 Because he just bet the guys in card room1 000 buck each that he could dump tomato juice all over the bartender and still make him laugh

Task3 Fighting Teen Smoking
Script
The percentage of teens who smoke cigarettes dropped to 28 in 2003 according to a report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention That was down from 36 in 1999 as measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Survey It’s a triumph for many people across the nation who worked tirelessly to reverse the climb in teen smoking rates during the 1990s
An equal accomplishment many be discovery of what works to influence teens’ motivation and behavior Success has come in communities with a comprehensive program to fight tobacco use by teens The best school health classes won’t have much effect on teen who already smoke Many of them need professional help before they can quit Another interesting finding is that nearly all first use of tobacco occurs before high school graduation So if adolescents don’t start smoking by age 18 odds are they never will For those who do experiment with cigarettes new research shows teens can get hooked on nicotine more quickly than adults and by extremely low levels of tobacco
Now the bad news while the teen smoking rate is down to 28 that still means more than one in four teenagers still smoke Public health and parents are not ready to abandon a quarter of today’s young people to the damaging effects of tobacco Obviously it is still too early to celebrate a complete victory There is still much room for improvement

26 What percentage did the teen smoking rate drop by
27 What happened in the 1990s according to the speaker Useful for reducing teen smoking according to the speaker
28 What is especially useful for reducing teen smoking according to the speaker
29 What is the bad news mentioned in the passage
30 What is the main idea of the passage

Kes 1D 2A 3 B 4C 5

For Reference
Before the age of 18 According to the passage if adolescents don’t start smoking by age 18 odds are they never will

IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 Nursing home abuse is a national epidemic
John Nora what are you doing What are these notes about
Nora Well they are for a 1000 word essay on abuse on the elderly due Monday
John That’s a big topic What made you decide to write about that subject
Nora Granny’s going into a nursing home And this essay is driving me crazy
John Narrow down the topic Pick one aspect like nursing home Do an outline
Nora You mean list the ideas under headings Introduction Body and the Conclusion
John Yes In the Introduction say people live longer now crowing nursing homes
Nora Then maybe in the Body I can explain how the owners try to save money on food and care
John Right Here I see a good quotation Nursing home abuse is a national epidemic
Nora I have statistics 500 homes inspected in onethird care was substandard
John Mention government offices and lawyers who’ll help in cases of abuse
Nora Then I think I can summarize the main ideas about the helpless elderly in the Conclusion
John Good When you’ve written a first draft read it aloud to eliminate awkward spots
Nora I’m feeling a lot better about this essay and a lot less worried about Granny now
John The essay is a piece of cake but ensuring Granny’s OK is a lot harder

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Oh Bobby so you’ve come to see me again
B How are you doing Hope everyone is OK here
A My God I can hardly bear the life here This nursing home is driving crazy
B What’s wrong>
A You see there are to many old people here but far too small a staff
B Yeah that’s probably because people live longer now crowding nursing homes
A So we can hardily get attention The owner tries to save money on food and care
B I see nursing home abuse is now a very common problem I heard of one survey with statistics 300 homes were inspects and in nearly half of them care was substandard
A Sometimes they even beat me I don’t know where and how I can get help
B I n theory government offices and lawyers can help you in cases of abuse
A But it is inconvenient for me to contact government offices again and again and I’m too poor to hire a lawyer
B OK aunt since it’s hard to ensure you’re Ok here I’ll take you home Mary and I will take care of you
A Are you sure Mary thinks in the same way as you do


MODEL2 This beauty battled the bottle
Chris Hey Nora
Nora Hey Chris How is it going
Chris Not too bad Sit down Sit down Hey who was that foodlooking girl you were talking to near the auditorium
Nora The Drunken Doctor Dr Doyle who gave dynamite Ladies Only lecture
Chris No no I mean the blonds healthylooking the twentysomething girl in blue
Nora Yeah exactly She’s a doctor but she used to be a drunk Now she tells women the dangers of drinking
Chris I can’t imagine some one as pretty as she is to be a drunk And a doctor too
Nora She says there are alcoholics all over the world 16 million plus just in the US
Chris I’m surprised that there are so many people who lack the willpower to stop
Nora It’s a disease that strikes young and old rich and poor and al walks of life
Chris Drunks are often dirty old men begging for money How did Dr Doyle get hooked
Nora She was an intern in a big hospital long hours little sleep and constant stress
Chris I suppose at first alcohol helped her to relax but she realized
Nora First it was a drink at night then two then a bottle then drinks to wake up
Chris That’s a sad story
Nora More inspiring than sad She got help and stopped Now she helps others Isn’t that wonderful

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Hi John I’m so glad to see you are back
B It’s nice to be home again Mom
A Oh you smell terribly of alcohol and tobacco You didn’t smoke or drink before you left home a year ago How did you get hooked
B As an assistant engineer I had to work might shifts often I felt lonely and began to drink and smoke That helped me to relax
A So gradually you drank more and more
B Yeah first it was a drink at night then two then a bottle and then I drank to wake up
A Oh I simply can’t imagine my handsome son to be a drunk and a heavy smoker now Can’t you stop
B It’s difficult I lack the willpower to stop
A But remember the dangers of heavy drinking and smoking Sooner or later you’ll develop high blood pressure heart trouble or liver trouble
B There are alcoholics all over the world and they are still living
A I’m sorry that drinking and smoking ate diseases that strike young and old rich and [poor and all walks of life Young must get help and stop
B OK I’ll try my best

MODEL3 There are high risks with games of chance
Script
Susan Hey Chris Why so you look so depressed
Chris Oh it’s my brother You know he has got a gambling problem You can’t understand gambling as an addiction unless you’ve been hooked
Susan Apparently it’s like being addicted to drugs or alcohol You just want more and more
Chris It’s exactly like alcoholism it takes over you life It’s on your mind constantly
Susan Yeah like some horrible disease But you can get help
Chris My brother tried to stop but he felt restless…bad tempered His nerves were always on edge
Susan Did he try Gamblers Anonymous It’s a selfhelp group with experience just like his
Chris Yeah he’s not alone It’s estimated there are 10 million addicts in America
Susan I don’t want to nag him but isn’t it a question of taking control of his life
Chris I see your point but he’s a compulsive gambler
Susan I know But if he gets help maybe he’ll get better
Chris No doubt It’ll be tough Though but worth it
Susan Remember the proverb Better medicine has wholesome effects

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Good morning Mr Brown I’m a correspondent with the magazine Health I heat you’ve overcome your gambling problem First of all could you describe your problems in the past
B Yeah I did have serious gambling problems You can’t understand gambling as an addiction till you’ve been hooked
A Could you tell me your feeling at the time
B There was a sensation like the one that comes with drugs or alcohol and I wanted more and more
A How do you compare it with alcoholism
B It’s like alcoholism it takes over your life It’s on your mind constantly
A Did you try to get help
B At first I didn’t I tried to stop on my own but I felt restless and badtempered My nerves were on edge
A I see it’s difficult for a compulsive gambler to overcome the problem But how did you finally get rid of it
B I went to a doctor for help He made me realize that it was a question of getting hold of my life He told me that if I thought of it as a disease I would probably be cured He also gave me some medicine
A I guess it was a thought fight
B Yes though but worth it Anyway Bitter pills may have wholesome effects

V Let’s Talk
Script
Today I’ll be presenting a report on our findings on the condition of the world’s population It may be a surprise to you that half the people in the world live on less than two dollars a day and one billion people live on less than one dollar a day
I’m going to look at poverty and its relationship to population issues We must work fast if we hope to reduce poverty by half by the year 2015
Our survey shows that the first step should be to improve healthcare systems In the world’ poorest countries people are expected to live just 49 years One in ten children doesn’t reach his or her first birthday According to our study poor health and poverty are linked Women are affected most by poorcare systems especially pregnant women
The second job we have to do as many of you can guess is to reduce birth rates We have found that when given a choice poor people in developing countries have fewer children than their parents dis A possible reason for this is probably that smaller families have fewer expenses and more chances of increasing their earnings and savings
Since the 1970s developing countries with lower birth rates have had faster economic growth They have had higher productivity more savings and more investment Obviously we must encourage family planning and lower birth rates
Now here is the third measure we must take promote education in developing countries Investing in education especially for women can reduce poverty Educated women have more opportunities to work and a chance to live better Moreover they tend to send their children to food schools so that they can climb the social ladder
Well any questions None OK Now I’ll talk about the fourth step we need to take…


Measures to Take in Developing Countries
Problems and Reasons for Taking the Measures

1To improve health care systems
In the poorest countries
1 People are expected to live just 49 years
2 One in ten children doesn’t reach his or her first birthday
3 Women are affected most by poor healthcare systems especially pregnant women

2To reduce birth rates
1 Smaller families have fewer expenses and more chance of increasing their earnings and savings
2 Countries with lower birth rates have had faster economics growth

3 To popularize education
Investing in education especially foe women can reduce poverty
1 Educated women have more opportunities to work and can live better
2 They are more likely to send their children to good schools so that the children will climb the social ladder

Discussion
SAMPLE
A To reduce poverty it is very important to lower birth rates as the speaker suggested in his lecture
B True Smaller families have fewer expenses and more chances to increase their earning and savings
A Moreover developing countries with lower birth rates have had faster economic growth
B It’s equally important to popularize education
A Yes investing in education especially for women can reduce poverty Educated women you know have more opportunities to work and a chance to live better
B Moreover they tend to send their children to food school s so that they will climb the social ladder
A The speaker also mentions the necessity to improve the healthcare system In fact poor health and poverty are linked
B I agree If you are not in good health you can’t work well to get good pay What’s more you have to spend lots of money on seeing doctors
A Some countries are economically backward so they try to develop a powerful tourism industry and in this way they earn a lot of money
B I think it is more important for them to develop their national economy With fast economic growth many people will shake off poverty
A Poverty can be alleviated further by economic aid from rich countries
B But I think technological aid from advanced countries can be more significant With better technology poor countries can develop faster on their on As the Chinese saying goes it is better to teach someone how to fish than to give him fish
A If less developed countries are allowed to export more of their workforce they can earn more foreign currency
B This requires developed nations to lower their tariff barriers


VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 Held Back Because I Speak Spanish
Script
I was raised speaking English but I also spoke Spanish at home When I went to school for the first time I was enrolled in ESL classes—classes of English as a Second Language I was also put in the Limited English Proficiency Program In all these classes I always got the highest grades I was the best reader and speaker There as no reason for me to be in any of those classes
When my parents discovered that I was in those classes instead of in regular classes with other Englishspeaking students they went to the school administration to complain about the discrimination The school had nothing to say My parents tried to get me out of the ESL classes but the school fought it very hard to keep me there And then we found out why—for every student the school had in the ESL and Limited English Proficiency Program they would receive400 This was pretty devastating The school’s only excuse for keeping me there was because I lived in a Spanishspeaking household and that I was influenced by the way my parents spoke My parents were outraged but I remained in the ESL and Limited English Proficiency Program until I was in the fifth grade
Then parents transferred me to another school where they had friends The new school gave me an English proficiency test I aced it SO I didn’t have to attend those programs for nonnative English speakers I was finally on the right track and back at the head of the class The first school I had would have never let me out of those programs or even let me take the test I was too Spanish for tem

25 What kind of class does the speaker think he should attend
26 What was the real reason the speaker was placed in a Limited English Proficiency class
27 What was the excuse the school used to put the speaker in an ESL class
28 How did the speaker perform in the regular English class
29 When the speaker described his first school what were his feeling

Keys 1C 2D 3A 4B 5A

Task 2 Drinking Gambling and Golf
Script
A man was walking in the city when he was accosted by a particularly dirtylooking bum who asked him for a couple of dollars for dinner
The man took out his wallet extracted two dollars and asked If I give you this money will you take it and buy whiskey
No I stopped drinking years ago the bum said
Will you use it to gamble
I don’t gamble I need everything I can get just to stay alive
Will you spend the money on green fees at a golf course
Are you nuts I haven’t played golf for 20 years
The mad said Well I’m not going to give you two dollars Instead I’ m going to take you to my home for a terrific dinner cooked by my wife
The bum was surprised Won’t your wife be furious with you for doing that I know I m dirty and I probably smell pretty bad
The man replied That’s OK I just want her to see what a man looks like who’d given up drinking gambling and golf


Task3 Why buy lottery tickets
Script
Charles Did you hear Next week’s lottery will be 28 million dollars You got your ticket yet
Joan I didn’t buy lottery tickets and I don’t gamble on other ways either Lottery tickets ate just another way of taxing the poor
Charles What do you mean by that
Joan Many of the big spenders on lottery tickets ate poor They are spending money they can’t afford to spend
Charles I just buy lottery tickets for fun You know…the first prize is a huge amount and if would be exciting
Joan But you don’t need the money to enjoy life so for you it’s a game But when the poor buy lottery tickets it is often out of desperation
Charles You must be right Casinos are opening everywhere and many people go on gambling holiday—you can even take a gambling cruise
Joan Imagine being on an ocean cruise and spending all your time indoors bent over a card table or a roulette wheel
Charles Maybe there should be some programs to help people overcome their gambling addictions something similar to Alcoholics Anonymous
Joan There’s indeed an online program that can help But nobody can force gamblers to join it They must first want to be cured themselves

For Reference
6 She thinks many (of the) big spenders on lottery are poor spending money they can’t afford to spend
7 He just buys lottery tickets foe fun He thinks if he won a huge amount it would be exciting
8 They buy lottery tickets out of desperation And the thrill of a win of something for nothing is addictive
9 Casinos are opening everywhere many people go on gambling holidays and one can even take a gambling cruise
10 It will be helpful to habitual gamblers only when they want to be cured themselves

News Report
Humanity is indivisible
Script
Kofi Annan SecretaryGeneral of the United Nations
Peace must be sought above all because it is a condition for every member of the human family to live a life of dignity and security
We have entered the third millennium through a gate of fire If today after the horror of 11 September we see better and we see farther we will realize that humanity is indivisible
New threats make no distinction between races nations or regions A new insecurity has entered every mind regardless of wealth or status A deeper awareness of the bonds that bind us all in pain and in prosperity has gripped young and old…because beneath the surface of state and nations ideas and language lies the fate of individual human beings in needed Answering their needs will be the mission of the United Nations in the century to come Thank you very much


Uint7
II Basic Listening Practice
12 Script
M Now we have satellite and highpowered microscope it’s easy to think we know everything about the world but we still don’t understand EI Nino
W Right Scientists all over the world over are even uncertain about the cause of the warm Pacific current that brings storms or drought—the mysterious EI Nino
Q Which of the following is true according to the conversation
2 Script
M Everyone is talking about environmental problem acid rain the greenhouse effect holes in the ozone layer We should think positively What can we do to improve things
W I agree We could do a lot more to harness the sun’s energy for heating and lighting in our homes In Japan 43000 solar roofs were installed in 2002
Q How do the man and the woman view the environment
3 Script
W We lived in Beijing some years ago It was always difficult to keep the house clean with wind from the north blowing sand from the desert at us
M That’s why the Chinese government has been encouraging people to plant trees along the edges of the Gobi Desert Now those trees act as wind barriers
Q What did the government encourage people to do
4 Script
M Many old refrigerators and cars are environmental hazards because they contain CFCs that destroy the ozone layer
W Yes but government or organizations are helping people to safely dispose of old refrigerators or in the case of cars to upgrade their air conditioning
Q What are government departments helping people to do
5 Script
M Hey that’s an aerosol spray you’re using on your hair Build a bomb or set fire to the apartment to kill us quickly instead of making holes in the ozone so we die of cancer
W Cool it man This spray doesn’t contain CFC s And you’d better read a little more In 2003 the hole in the ozone layer shrank by 20 percent so there’s no reason to panic
Q What does the man mean

Keys 1B 2D 3 A 4A 5C

III Listening In
Task 1 We should have proper respect for nature
Script
Martha Do you think most people in your culture respect nature
Ed I think so Umm…more now than before
Martha What do you think is the most serious environment problem in the world today
Ed Today…I think damage to the ozone layer is a big problem and another problem is pollution in big cities and things like that
Martha How do you learn about environmental problems
Ed Umm…through school A lot of clubs promote environmental safely and some TV programs too They talk about environmental safely and stuff like that
Martha Do you think students should learn more about the environment at school
Ed I think so So as they grow older they can be more aware of all the problems that are going on And also to prevent more problems from occurring
Martha If you could create a new law to help the environment what would it be
Ed A new law for the environment Umm…I’d probably say that when people throw away their cigarette butts they have to throw them into the garbage bin not just throw them everywhere because it’s just littering and I hate that So they should be fined if they throw them on the floor on the ground
Martha That’s a good idea What do you personally do to help protect the environment
Ed I’ m so against littering I never litter If I see somebody litter I get really angry So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin

While being interviewed by Martha Ed said more people in his culture respect nature ever before When asked about the most serious environmental problem in the world today he mentioned the damaged ozone layer and the pollution in big cities
Ed learned about environmental problem at school A lot of clubs and some TV programs promote environmental safely He believes that students should learn more about the environment at school Then they can be more aware of all the problems and prevent more problems from occurring
When asked about a new law he would like to create to help the environment he said that when people throw away their cigarette butts they have to throw them in the garbage bin They should be fined if they throw them on the floor
Personally Ed is so set against littering that he never litters He always throws his trash into the garbage bin
Task 2 A Work Qualification Test
Script
According to a report by Australian researchers the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica will probably start closing within five years They say it may be completely closed within fifty years The ozone layer protects the Earth from dangerous radiation from the sun The hole in the ozone layer was discovered over Antarctica almost thirty years ago At the time it was three times the size of Australia
The report found that ozonedestroying gases in the upper atmosphere were at or near their highest levels in the year2000 But since then there has bee continuous progress made toward the recovery of the ozone layer
Satellite information showed that levels of ozonedestroying gases in the atmosphere are slowly decreasing At its largest this year the ozone hole covered more than 15 million square kilometers That is down from a yearly average of 23 million square kilometers over the last six years
Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are responsible for destroying part of the ozone layer over Antarctica CFCs have been widely used since the1930s in cooling devices such as refrigerators and air conditioners CFCs remain in the atmosphere for years
Government scientist say the level of chlorine in the atmosphere is decreasing because of restrictions on the use of chlorofluorocarbons The chemicals were restricted under an international agreement called the Montreal Protocol in 1987 Under the Protocol developing countries promoted to cut their use of chlorofluorocarbons in half by the year 2005 They also agreed to an eightyfive percent cut by the year 2oo7

Keys FTTFT


For Reference
7 It was three times the size of Australia
8 They promised to cut their use of CFCs in the half by 2005 and agreed to an 85 percent cut by 2007

Task3 A Mild EI Nino
Script
The EI Nino weather condition has returned However official at the United States National Weather Service say EI Nino is weaker than usual this year EI Nino is a change in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean It happens every four or five years
Normally water temperatures in the western Pacific Ocean increase near the end of the year This cause more rainfall in Indonesia Australia and other nearby place At the same time cold ocean water cause less rainfall in the eastern Pacific Ocean near South America The opposite happens during EI Nino Pacific Ocean temperatures increase near South America causing unusually high amounts of rainfall there In contrast EI Nino causes dry weather in Indonesia and Australia
A strong EI Nino can severely affect the weather all over the world The last powerful EI Nino was in 1997 and 1998 It caused major floods in many places EI Nino also led to extremely dry weather in some other areas Reports say the weather caused the deaths of about 24000 people
So experts say having a weaker EI Nino this year is good news Meteorologists say rainfall has been higher than usual in South America The experts say the effects of EI Nino will begin to show in November in the United States The northern states may have a warmer winter But scientists say EI Nino will not be strong enough to prevent this year’s powerful storms in the Atlantic Ocean

31 According to the passage how often does EI Nino happen
32 What normally happens in the western Pacific Ocean
33 What did the EI Nino in 1997 and 1998 cause
34 What is NOT mentioned as a result of this year’s EI Nino
35 What is the central idea of the passage

Kes 1C 2A3 D 4B 5C

For Reference
Pacific Ocean temperatures increase near South America causing unusually high level of rainfall there Dry weather results in Australia

IV Speaking Out
MODEL 1 Our globe is in danger
John How is your Grandma getting along during this usually hot weather
Nora Over the last few years Granny has been complaining that the hot humid weather is killing her She believes the weather has changed
John What she means is the climate’s longterm conditions weather refers only to daytoday conditions
Nora Yeah she says summer is hotter and winter wetter But I tried to comfort her saying It’s all in your mind Granny
John She’s right you know The greenhouse effect does bring global warming and rain
Nora How can I explain global warming and greenhouse gases to a 97yearold Granny
John Tell her the earth now is like a real greenhouse made of glass panels that let in light and trap heat
Nora Think she’ll want to know that carbon monoxide from earth makes greenhouse gases
John Everybody should know what cause global warming otherwise we won’t stop it
Nora I’ll tell Granny not to burn any more wood or coal or to use spray on the hair
John OK joke about it but it won’t be so funny when the polar icecaps melt and oceans rise

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A How are you getting along during this usually hot weather
B Not well at all Over the last few weeks the hot humid weather is killing me I believe the climate has changed
A Yeah the summer is hotter and winter wetter
B Do you know why all this has happened
A The greenhouse effects bring global warming and rain
B What do you mean by greenhouse effects
A The earth is now like a real greenhouse made of glass panels that let light in and trap heat You know carbon monoxide from earth is a greenhouse gas
B I see Everybody should know what cause global warming otherwise we won’t stop it
A The important thing is that human beings should take steps to reduce global warming
B What can we do then Perhaps we should not burn any more wood or coal
A Right Also we should try to produce less CFCs or Freon
B How can we achieve that
A Don’t use aerosol spray on your hair and depend less on airconditioners and refrigerators
B But it’s hard to give up all this
A But we must take action before polar icecaps melt and oceans rise

MODEL2 Rainforests will soon be only a memory
Script
Susan Hey Chris there is an environmental group on campus asking for donations to save the rainforests
Chris So what
Susan So what Don’t you want to save the rainforests
Chris But there’re no rainforests in our country They need hot tropical climates
Susan Come on A rain forest is any forest where heavy rainfall leads to dense vegetation Tropical rainforests can be found in hoe tropical areas but there are also cool rainforests including one in southeast Alaska
Chris How did you know that
Susan Well I’ve just read a book on rainforests You know 140nillion people live in the world’s rainforests and 35 percent of the world’s plant and animal species exist only in rainforests
Chris Wow I’m impressed So what else have you learned
Susan Most of the world’s rainforests are in danger of destruction by loggers farmers and developers They are disappearing at a rate of 1000 acres a minute
Chris It’s terrible
Susan Yeah we’ve got to find a way to save them Now would you like to give a donation
Chris Sure

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A Most of the world’s rainforests are in danger of destruction by loggers farmers and developers They are disappearing at a rate of 100 acres a minute
B What a tragedy Many of the world’s plant and animal species exist only in rainforests
A We really need to save the beautiful forests
B Yeah we’ve got to find a way to save them
A Do you know our mayor is making a call to plant trees
B Yeah we do have to plant more trees I hear China doesn’t have a lot of forests compared with many countries
A That’s true I’ve just read an article about afforestation China’s forest coverage rate was 1821percent last yea ranking only 130th in the world
B No wonder we have to plat more trees
A Don’t lose heart Progress has been remarkable In 2000 the rate was just 1655 percent
B Any other good news
A China has stepped up its treeplanting efforts Now it’s the world’s No1 planter of trees
B Wow I’m impressed

MODEL3 What a terrible sandstorm
Script
Susan Hey John You’re back A few days ago a big sandstorm hit our city
John Oh that’s bad
Susan The air was full of dirt and sand and dust I had to wear a scarf around my head
John The dust as I know comes from Mongolia And from my reading in science I’ve heard the dust often comes after a long period of drought
Susan This is a serious problem in many parts of the world and unfortunately our city is one of them
John And if the drought continues the soil is easily airborne And then if the wind comes the soil can be lifted up on the cold are that rises up and it can travel very long distances
Susan Normally when there’s a wind it can clear the air and you have beautiful weather But when the dust is brought in with the wind then you can’t breathe you can’t see well and it’s dangerous for driving or for walking
John Yeah You know when the dust is lifted up it can go as high 3000 meters And it’s not just China that has problems but many other countries For example the middle of Australia sometimes has dust storms and some of the dust goes up very high goes across the ocean and falls down on New Zealand
Susan Not a very nice neighbor
John Is there a solution to the problem
Susan We need to plant more trees and grass so that the soil can stay where it is
John No wonder the government is launching a new afforestation program in a bid t address the environmental problem

Now Your Turn
SAMPLE DIALOG
A I’m so glad to be back home again Oh what a clear blue sky
B Yes the wind has cleared the air I hope you still remember the situation a couple of years age that is when you were here Each spring a big sandstorm struck our city
A Oh that was bad That air was filled with sand and dust I had to wear a scarf around my head
B I had to cover my mouth and nose with a handkerchief And facial makes sold well The dust came from the north and it often rose after a long dry spell
A If the drought continued the soil was easily airborne And when the wind came the soil was swept up on the cold air and it could travel very long distances
B When the dust was brought in with the wind we could hardly breathe we couldn’t see well and it was dangerous for driving
A How did your town solve the problem
B Not only our town In fact people in the whole province planted a lot of trees and grass so that the soil would stay where it is
A I see The government launched an afforestation project to deal with the sandstorm The green shelter belt is playing a role

V Let’s Talk
Script
Li Hi Professor Wang I’m Li Lin a correspondent from the University Newspaper The staff and students here are getting more and more interested in the relationship between the environment and development What do you think is the most serious environmental problem at present What measures should we adopt to improve the environment and develop the economy at the same time
Wang There are many environmental problems air pollution water pollution desertification overfishing destruction of natural habitats acid train overconsumption of wild animals and plants etc But lying at the center of all those problems as I see it is the contradiction between economic growth and the environment
Since the United Nations Earth Summit in 1992 more and more people and governments have adopted a new idea that is sustainable development This means today’s economic growth should not wipe out he resources and options for future generations Planning and development should ensure not only economic growth but also social advancement and environment health In other words some economic behavior must be restricted or controlled Instilling principles of development into government planning resource management and economic policy is the most important step China could take to solve its environmental problems
China has already taken some remarkable steps to reduce damage to the environment For instance following the huge floods of 1998 the government banned logging in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in order to protect forests and reduce the risk of floods
Still the basic contradiction between environment and development persists Much work is to be done before we can achieve the aim of a balance between economic growth and the environment



Environment Problems
air pollution water pollution desertification overfishing destruction of natural habitats acid train overconsumption of wild animals and plants etc

Central problems

△River Severn 塞文河the contradiction between economic growth and the environment

现……形象声音

（脱瘾）程

trial n 审判审讯试验

vt & vi谈评说起

A New Idea

舒适sustainable development it means
(1)
(2) △giant adj 巨巨Today’s economic growth should not wipe out he resources and options for future generations
(3) Planning and development should ensure not only economic growth but also social advancement and environment health
(4)
(5) direct vt & vi 导演指示指挥some economic behavior must be restricted or controlled

What China Could Do
Instill principles of sustainable development into government planning resource management and economic policy

voluntary adj 愿志愿偿
What China Has Done
China has already taken some remarkable steps to reduce damage to the environment
eg Following the huge floods of 1998 the government banned logging in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River

self n 身The Aim
A balance between economic growth and the environment

Debate
SAMPLE
A In my opinion we must give priority to economic growth At present China’s economy is not strong enough and the percapita GDP is much smaller than those of advanced countries
B I beg to differ Compared with 30 years ago the Chinese economy has developed a great deal and at the same time it has produced a lot of pollution It is high time we gave environmental conservation serous consideration
A It seems to me that it’s more urgent for us to improve people’s life If we don’t boost our economy we can’t raise the living standards
B I’d like to draw your attention to the fact that environmental problems are already affecting people’s lives Didn’t you hear that the poisonous substances factories dump into rivers are killing fish and causing cancer among people
A Well you have a point there but we should be aware that an economically backward nation is also militarily weak and therefore it tends to be bullied by stronger countries
B If China wants to follow the trend toward economic globalization it has to meet the international environmental criteria Even if you can make a lot of products they can’t be exported if they are environmentally unfriendly
A OK people we’d better combine out point of view and strike a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation
B That certainly makes sense What we need is sustainable development
A To achieve this goal we have to burn less coal petroleum and wood because they can’t e reproduced easily
B Right on we can rely more on solar energy We can also make more use of water power if the dams we build don’t present great environmental hazards
A Also we should not build so many roads because they occupy so much farmland
B Yeah we should turn more to water transportation By transporting more cargo along rivers and the coast we can ease the burden on highway transportation





VI Further Listening and Speaking
Task1 Thick Cloud of Pollution Covering Southern Asia
Script
A United Nations study says that a thick cloud of pollution covering southern Asia threatens the lives of millions of people Scientists say the pollution could increase lung disease and cause early deaths The cloud is also damaging agriculture and affecting rainfall levels It has affected many countries in southern Asia The pollution cloud is three kilometers high Scientists say it can move halfway around the world in a week
The cloud is the result of forest fires the burning of agricultural waste and huge increases in the burning of fuels by vehicles industries and power stations
Pollution from millions of bad cooking stoves hs made the problem worse Many poor people burn of fuels wood and animal waste in such stoves
Scientists say this combination could be changing winter rainfall levels in Asia They say rainfall has increased over the eastern coast of Asia But it has dropped sharply over parts of northwestern Asia The report says the cloud could reduce rainfall over northwestern Pakistan Afghanistan and western China by up to forty percent
Harmful chemicals from the cloud are mixing with rainfall This acid rain damages crops and trees and threatens public health Scientists are concerned that the pollution will intensify during the next thirty years as the population of Asia increase to an Estimated 5000 million people


30 What is the true of the cloud of pollution
31 What is NOT the cause of the cloud of pollution
32 What does the cloud of pollution bring about
33 Why will the pollution intensify in the next 30 years according to the passage
34 What do you think is the best title for the passage

Keys 1D 2B 3A 4C 5C


Task 2 Mountain regions face a number of dangers
Script
Mountain people around the world are in great danger of the negative effects of the worsening environment according to a UN report
As global warming and deforestation accelerate and technology makes wilder places more accessible environmental and social pressures on the world’s remotest regions increases
The UN has found that many mountainous regions—inhabited by one out of five of the world’s people—are barely recognizable when they are compared to what they ere like 60 years ago This is mostly because forests were cut to make way for cattle grazing and agriculture
The authors of the UN study expect 98 percent of its mountain areas to experience severe climate change by 2055 Biological losses are expected to be heavy The mountains of Europe part of California and the northwest Andes in South America are among the most threatened mountain areas in the world and should be given priority in conservation
The UN is anxious to raise awareness of the problem facing mountain areas because they are inhabited by some of the most vulnerable people These people could lose their culture and their livelihood with even the smallest shifts in climate
At the same time many mountain regions are losing people Thousands of villages in Europe are deserted most of the year In other areas like Nepal people are drifting to the cities in search of work



Task3 Digging a Hole
Script
A fellow stopped at a rural gas station and after filling his tank he bought a soft drink He stood by his car to drink his cola ad watched two men working along the roadside
One worker would dig a hole two or three feet deep and then move on The other worker came along behind and filled in the hole While one was digging a new hole the other was about 25 feet behind filling in the old hole
Hold it hold it the fellow said to the men Can you tell me what’s going on here with this digging
Well we work for the country government one of the men said
But one of you is digging a hole and the other is filling it up You’re not accomplishing anything Aren’t you wasting the country’s money
You don’t understand mister one of the men said learning on his shovel and wiping his brow Normally there’s three of us me Joe and Mike I dig the hole Joe sticks in the tree and Mike here puts the dirt back
Yeah piped up Mike Now Joe is sick but that doesn’t mean we can’t work does it


For Reference
6 One worker would dig a hole two or three feet deep and then move on The other worker came along behind and filled in the hole
2 He asked them Can you tell me what’s going on here with this diggingHe asked them what was going on there with that digging
9 Because one of them was digging a hole and the other was filling it up They were not accomplishing anything
10 Normally there were three of them the worker who answered him Joe and Mike The first man dug the hole Joe stuck in the tree and Mike put the dirt back

News Report
Santa’s Hometown in Danger
Script
Weather experts may have found a new problem caused by global warming one which many people will pay attention to There are signs that Santa’s home in the North may be in trouble because of warmer temperatures
The Finnish town of Rovaniemi on the Arctic Circle which many Europeans say is the home of Santa Claus has had its warmest winter in 40 years As a result there has been much less snow than usual—meaning no snowmen no snowballs and possible not enough snow for Santa to ride his sleigh on
More important for local residents it may mean fewer tourists as well Santa’s wintry hometown normally attracts thousands of visitors each year and millions of dollars
Anne PelttariBergman the town’s tourist director worries that the town could be in trouble if snow levels do not return to normal She explains Snow is really important for us of course For Santa Claus for Christmas tourism and also for our winter tourism because winter is our best season It is really important for us
Weather experts and town residents are hoping this warm winter is a onetime thing Few people can imagine a holiday when even Santa does not have a white Christmas

文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传

《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档