专题十六 语法填空
*考纲解读：语法填空体现新课改语法知识语法技教学观念转变高考英语改革趋势：突出语篇强调语篇中测试学生英语语言知识技该题型语法真正放语境中考查时助种考查方式学生求知半解甚生搬硬套提高然发运语法知识表达水求学生必须掌握语法项目基概念法等
*命题趋势：语法填空属种设选项完型填空题完形填空注重词义选择词搭配语法填空注重考查语言形式逻辑结构说语法填空题语篇载体考查学生语法词汇知识特点：
1 文章短语言紧凑：短文长度般200词左右（包括空格）均设空密度15词空基影响语境握传统完形填空题语法填空第句话挖空
2 设空样覆盖全面：语法填空题考查语境加语法语法占关键性位词汇考查涉动词代词名词连词冠词介词形容词副词等语法项目包括非谓语动词定语句状语句列句形容词副词较级系表结构等
3 体裁固定话题熟悉：观年高考语法填空记叙文说明文选材料侧重事情节行文逻辑强语合规范短文短文叙述容般会考生感陌生夹叙夹议类文章种趋势
* 语法填空黄金准：词性词义词形
．提示词：
1提示词动词：
首先确定设空处词性质果确定动词含义紧接着判断需动词谓语动词非谓语动词思考方：
1）句子没谓语动词者然已谓语动词填动词列关系时动词句子中作谓语考虑时态语态谓致
2）句中已谓语动词动词列谓语时填词非谓语动词非谓语动词确定doingdone to do
①作语宾语通常doing表示惯般情况to do 表示具体情况
② 作目状语形容词作状语般to do
③作伴状语通常分词逻辑语动关系现分词（doing）动关系分词（done）
1 提示词形容词副词
果设空处提供形容词副词考查词性转换种情况考查较等级
3 提示词名词
果出提示词名词首先确定词性质否根需转换词性形容词副词动词等需转换词性考查词形变化变成名词复数名词格等
二．提示词：
纯空格填空题填冠词介词代词列连词引导词（引导句词）助动词情态动词固定搭配等
1 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon The unmanned Chang’e4 probe (探测器) the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山) more so 65 the familiar near side Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e4 66 (find) and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin ＂This really excites scientists＂ Carle Pieters a scientist at Brown University says ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球) base are practical
2 Deorating with Plants Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring This is why decorating with plants fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country
Oranges Orange trees are more 64 decoration they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune
Bamboo Chinese love their Lucky Bamboo plants and you will see them often in their homes and office 66 (certain) during the holiday period this plant is a must Bamboo plants are associated 67 health abundance and a happy home They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花) The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pinkcolored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化) They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life
3 In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike The artist’s reputation had made him proud One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work so that he could choose the best The artist was sure he would 63 (choose) but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister the old nan laughed The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world
Filled with 64 (curious) the artist packed his bags and left 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇) artist they smiled and 66 (point) down the river The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the wellknown painter As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops he was reduced to tears The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth Mother Nature
4Many people have the hobby of collecting things eg stamps postcards or antiques In the 18th and 19th centuries 36 （wealth）people travelled and collected plants historical objects and works of art They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died and then it was given to a museum The 80000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane for example 38 （form）the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759
The parts of a museum open to the public 40 （call）galleries or rooms Often only a small part of a museum’s collection 41 （be）on display Most of it is stored away or used for research
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors As well as looking at exhibits visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine 42 （they） living at a different time in history or 43 （walk）through a rainforest At the Jorvik Centre in York the city’s Viking settlement is recreated and people experience the sights sounds and smells of the old town Historical 44 （accurate）is important but so is entertainment Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children
5 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires Asia’s biggest building and fancy new hotels But for tourists like me pandas are its top____1_(attract)
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base where ticket money helps pay for research I___2___（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre From tomorrow I will be their UK ambassador The title will be __3___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London But my connection with pandas goes back ____4__ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s ___5__ I was the first Western TV reporter__6___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild My ambassadorial duties will include ___7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia
On my recent visit I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by ____8__ (it) mother The nursery team switches him every few __9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed ___10__ other is with mumshe never suspects
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2 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work you should take a step back and identify (识)those of 1 ___(great)and less importance Then handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 2___(achieve) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 _(be) often acceptable
Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day So get an early start and try to be as productive __5__possible before lunch This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished
Recent ___6__ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 (regular) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for___8__while exercising or dong something you enjoy
If you find something you love doing outside of the office you’ll be less likely 9 (bring) your work home It could be anythinggardening cooking music sports—but whatever it is 10 __(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about
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3 In much of Asia especially the socalled rice bowl cultures of ChinaJapanKorea 1 Vietnam food is usually eaten with chopsticks
Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo They can also be made of plastic animal bone or metal Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic Truly elegant chopsticks might___2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal____3__(create)special designs
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years People probably cooked their food in large pots ____4__(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it Over time___5__the population grew people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which___6___(gradual)turned into chopsticks
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC influenced the 8 (develop) of chopsticks Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and____9__(be) too violent for use at the table
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia In India for example most people traditionally eat 10 their hands
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4 It was raining lightly when I ____1___(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn But I didn’t care A few hours ____2__ I’d been at home in Hong Kong with ___3___(it) choking smog Here the air was clean and fresh even with the rain
I’d skipped nearby Guilin a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ___4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ___5__(painting) Instead I d headed straight for Yangshuo For those who fly to Guilin it’s only an hour away ___6___car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city
Yangshuo ___7__(be) really beautiful A study of travelers ___8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia Abercrombie & Kent a travel company in Hong Kong says it ___9__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ___10__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong
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5 The adobe dwellings(土坯房）__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers In addition to their simple beauty what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3___(able) to air condition a house without __4__（use）electric equipment Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat__5___（slow）during cool nights thus warming the house When a new day breaks the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6_(cool) the house during the hot day _7__ the same time they warm up again for the night This cycle __8 (go) day after day The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures As __9__ (nature) architects the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _10__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days
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6 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
In 1969 the pollution was terrible along the CuyahogaRiver near Cleveland Ohio It ___1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned Now years later this river is one of ___3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __4__even a few months It took years of work __5___ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water Finally that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ___6___ (clean) than ever
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation Maybe you have a habit ___7___is driving your family crazy Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use When you face such an impossible situation don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately
While there are ___8___(amaze) stories of instant transformation for most of us the ____9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work like cleaning up a polluted river Just be __10__ (patience)
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7 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop worried about ___1__(be) late for school There were many people waiting at the bus stop _2__some of them looked very anxious and ____3__ (disappoint) When the bus finally came we all hurried on board I got a place next __4__the window so I had a good view of the sidewalk A boy on a bike __5__(catch) my attention He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop Still the boy kept __7__(ride) He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting Finally when we came to the next stop the boy ran up to the door of the bus I heard an excited conversation Then the driver stoop up and asked __8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop A woman on the bus shouted Oh dearIt is ____9__（I） She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the passengers __10__（sudden）became friendly to one another
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8 Last yearmy brother and I went to Miami for a vacationSome of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destinationBefore we wentwe had planned for monthsWhen the day camewe were ready
After our plane landedwe went to the hotelWe had made our reservation six months __2__(early)but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistakeWe __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn＇t been reserved for that week__4__ for the week afterI didn＇t understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservationWhat＇s worsethe hotel had been fully bookedWhen we were wondering what to dothe manager came outShe was __7__(surprise)helpfulShe apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floorWe had never stayed in such an amazing roomand we weren＇t charged extra
The next daymy brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyballWe got a little __10__(sunburn)but the day had been so relaxing that we didn＇t mind
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9 One dayNick invited his friends to supperHe was cooking some delicious food in the kitchenSuddenlyhe __1__ (find)that he had run out of saltSo Nick called to his sonGo to the village and buy some saltbut pay a fair price for it：neither too much __2__ too little
His son looked surprisedI can understand why I shouldn＇t pay too muchFatherbut if I can pay less __3__ not save a bit of money
That would be a very __4__(reason)thing to do in a big citybut it could destroy a small village like oursNick said
Nick＇s guests __5__ had heard their conversationasked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they couldNick repliedThe only reason a man would sell salt __6__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for moneyAnd anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it
But such a small thing couldn＇t __8__(possible) destroy a village
In the beginning there was only __9__ very small amount of unfairness in the worldbut everyone added a littlealways __10__(think) that it was only small and not very importantand look where we have ended up today
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10 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festivalI left it early because I had an appointment__1__(late) that dayMy friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me__2__ the bus arrivedI got on the bus and found a seat near the backand then I noticed a man__3__(sit) at the frontHe __4__(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voiceHe must be__5__(mental) disabled
Behind him were other people to __6__ he was trying to talkbut after some minutes __7__ walked away and sat near melooking annoyed
I didn＇t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn＇t like leaving him __8__ his own either
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the busI sat next to the man and introduced myselfWe had __9__ amazing conversationHe got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home
I＇m glad I made the choiceIt made __10__ of us feel good
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11 Research has become both simpler and more complex It＇s simpler because __1__ you have a computer you can find information you need by searching the Internet For all your information you don＇t have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it Instead you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies neededRemember however that you should usually consult different types of sources That is you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research
While finding information is easier than ever at the same time researching has become __5__ complex There is a lot more material available which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project Also __8__need to check the accuracy of it
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12 Sometimes we have disagreements with peopleWhen this (1)h_____the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argumentHere (2)_____ my tips for you
The (3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important
Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_____ another student who you think isn＇t doing her share of the houseworkIf you say Look you never do your share of the housework(5) _____ are you going to do about it the discussion will very soon turn into an argumentIt＇s much more (6)_____ (帮助)to say something like I think we had (7)b_____ have another look about how we divide up the houseworkMaybe there is a better way of dealing with it
My second piece of (8)a_____ is simpleIf you＇re the person who is in the wrong just admit it This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argumentJust make an (9)_____ (道歉) and move onThe other person will have more respect for you (10)_____ the future if you do that
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13 Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children He owned ___1___ farm which looked almost abandoned ___2___ (lucky) he also had a cow which produced milk every day He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly ___3___ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ___4___ (leave) The cow was their only means of support in fact One day the cow was eating grass ___5___ it began to rain heavily While making great efforts to run away she ___6___ (fall) over the hill and died Then the Johnson tried to make a living ___7___ the cow In order to support his family Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables Since the plants took a while to grow he started cutting down trees ___8___ (sell) the wood Thinking about his children’s clothes he started growing cotton too When harvest came around he was already selling herbs vegetables and cotton in the market ___9___ people from the town met regularly Now it occurred to ___10___ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck
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14 Jonny Hey I＇m just practicing Tai Chi(太极)Would you like to join me
Peter I know nothing about it Is it difficult
Jonny It seems easy but you need a lot of practice You just follow me like this
Peter OK Don＇t laugh 1 me I may look funny
Jonny Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches naturally and 2 (soft) Try to
keep your body straight Move slowly then be sure to keep your balance and don＇t let your
body shake
Peter I cannot control my body well My legs become 3 (pain)
Jonny Keep 4 (hold) your position for a while It helps develop your strength and
flexibility Raise your leg and let 5 stay in the air for seconds
Peter I feel my legs shaking I cannot do this any longer
Jonny Be patient Tai Chi 6 (call)shadow boxing in English It asks you to act like water to be
flexible as well 7 strong In real competition a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the
competitor and uses this energy to fight back The 8 (hard) you try to beat him the more
likely you will get hit He controls you
Peter Unbelievable Oh 9 you don＇t mind I＇ll stop and take a deep 10
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6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
15 The giant panda 1 (love) by people throughout the world Chinese scientists 2 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby She was a very 3 (care)mother For 25daysshe never left her baby not even to find something 4 (eat)She would not let any other pandas come near She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy)that would try to eat the little pandas The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does 6 it cried she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats The mother continued to care for the young panda 7 more than two years By that time the panda no longer needed 8 (it)mother for food However it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest Then after two and a half years the mother 9 (drive)the young panda away It was time for her to have a new baby10 it was also time for the young panda to be independent
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16 Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him He suddenly appeared in class one day__1_( wear ) sun glasses He walked in as if he __2___( buy ) the school And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City
For some reason he sat beside Mary Mary felt __3 _ ( please ) because there were many empty seats in the room But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her it was probably the fact that she sat in __4___last row
_ 5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back he was wrong It might have made it a little __6__( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around but that didn’t stop the kids in the class Of course whenever they turned to look at him they had to look at Mary_ 7__made her feel like a star
Do you need those glasses for medical reasons the teacher asked The new boy shook his headThen I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you The new boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9_ the boy would do Then he took __10_ off gave a big smile and said That is cool
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17 A young manwhile traveling through a desertcame across a spring of clear water___1____water was sweetHe filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ____2____ had been his teacher After a fourday journey the young man____3___(present) the water to the old man His teacher took a deep drink smiled____4____(warm) and thanked his student very much for the sweet waterThe young man went home____5_____a happy heart
After the student left the teacher let __6___student taste the water He spit it out __7___(say) it was awful Apparently it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container He asked his teacher Sir the water was awful Why did you pretend to like ___8____W_w wk*s*5 uc@o m
The teacher replied You tasted the water I tasted the gift The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet)
We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace the proper response is appreciation We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing
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18 Jane was walking round the department store She remembered how difficult _1_ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father She wished that he was as easy _2_ （please）as her motherwho was always delighted with perfume
Besidesshopping at this time of the year was not _3_ pleasant experience people stepped on your feet or _4_ （push）you with their elbows（肘部）hurrying ahead to get to a bargain
Jane paused in front of a counter _5_ some attractive ties were on display They are real silkthe assistant tried to attract her Worth double the price But Jane knew from past experience that her _6_ （choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered She found some good quality pipes _7_ sale She did not hesitate for long although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _8_
When Jane got homewith her small but wellchosen present in her bagher parents were already _9_ table having supper Her mother was excited Your father has at last decided to stop smoking Jane _10_ （inform）
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19 Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life 1 these proverbs there are often interesting stories For example the proverb plucking up a crop 2 (help) it grow is based on the following story
It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 3 rice crop grow up quickly He was thinking about 4 day and night But the crop was growing much slower than he expected
One day he came up with an idea 5 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches He did so the next day
He was very tired 6 doing this for a whole day 7 he felt very happy since the crop did grow 8 (high)
His son heard about this and went to see the crop Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 9 (nature) course Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10 (result) in the contrary to our intention
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20 I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains The sun was setting when my car 1 （break） down near a remote and poor village Cursing my misfortune I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 2 should have the honor of receiving me 3 a guest in their house Finally I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house While she was getting me 4 （settle） into a tiny but clean room the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 5 small town some 20 kilometres away 6 there was a garage
I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess＇s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table 7 villagers brought me goat＇s cheese and hone We drank together and talked 8 （merry） till far into the night
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village I wanted to reward the old woman 9 the trouble I had caused 10
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*考纲解读：语法填空体现新课改语法知识语法技教学观念转变高考英语改革趋势：突出语篇强调语篇中测试学生英语语言知识技该题型语法真正放语境中考查时助种考查方式学生求知半解甚生搬硬套提高然发运语法知识表达水求学生必须掌握语法项目基概念法等
*命题趋势：语法填空属种设选项完型填空题完形填空注重词义选择词搭配语法填空注重考查语言形式逻辑结构说语法填空题语篇载体考查学生语法词汇知识特点：
1 文章短语言紧凑：短文长度般200词左右（包括空格）均设空密度15词空基影响语境握传统完形填空题语法填空第句话挖空
2 设空样覆盖全面：语法填空题考查语境加语法语法占关键性位词汇考查涉动词代词名词连词冠词介词形容词副词等语法项目包括非谓语动词定语句状语句列句形容词副词较级系表结构等
3 体裁固定话题熟悉：观年高考语法填空记叙文说明文选材料侧重事情节行文逻辑强语合规范短文短文叙述容般会考生感陌生夹叙夹议类文章种趋势
* 语法填空黄金准：词性词义词形
．提示词：
1提示词动词：
首先确定设空处词性质果确定动词含义紧接着判断需动词谓语动词非谓语动词思考方：
1）句子没谓语动词者然已谓语动词填动词列关系时动词句子中作谓语考虑时态语态谓致
2）句中已谓语动词动词列谓语时填词非谓语动词非谓语动词确定doingdone to do
①作语宾语通常doing表示惯般情况to do 表示具体情况
② 作目状语形容词作状语般to do
③作伴状语通常分词逻辑语动关系现分词（doing）动关系分词（done）
1 提示词形容词副词
果设空处提供形容词副词考查词性转换种情况考查较等级
3 提示词名词
果出提示词名词首先确定词性质否根需转换词性形容词副词动词等需转换词性考查词形变化变成名词复数名词格等
二．提示词：
纯空格填空题填冠词介词代词列连词引导词（引导句词）助动词情态动词固定搭配等
1 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon The unmanned Chang’e4 probe (探测器) the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山) more so 65 the familiar near side Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e4 66 (find) and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin ＂This really excites scientists＂ Carle Pieters a scientist at Brown University says ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球) base are practical
2 Deorating with Plants Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring This is why decorating with plants fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country
Oranges Orange trees are more 64 decoration they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune
Bamboo Chinese love their Lucky Bamboo plants and you will see them often in their homes and office 66 (certain) during the holiday period this plant is a must Bamboo plants are associated 67 health abundance and a happy home They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花) The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pinkcolored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化) They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life
3 In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike The artist’s reputation had made him proud One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work so that he could choose the best The artist was sure he would 63 (choose) but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister the old nan laughed The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world
Filled with 64 (curious) the artist packed his bags and left 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇) artist they smiled and 66 (point) down the river The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the wellknown painter As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops he was reduced to tears The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth Mother Nature
4Many people have the hobby of collecting things eg stamps postcards or antiques In the 18th and 19th centuries 36 （wealth）people travelled and collected plants historical objects and works of art They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died and then it was given to a museum The 80000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane for example 38 （form）the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759
The parts of a museum open to the public 40 （call）galleries or rooms Often only a small part of a museum’s collection 41 （be）on display Most of it is stored away or used for research
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors As well as looking at exhibits visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine 42 （they） living at a different time in history or 43 （walk）through a rainforest At the Jorvik Centre in York the city’s Viking settlement is recreated and people experience the sights sounds and smells of the old town Historical 44 （accurate）is important but so is entertainment Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children
5 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires Asia’s biggest building and fancy new hotels But for tourists like me pandas are its top____1_(attract)
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base where ticket money helps pay for research I___2___（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre From tomorrow I will be their UK ambassador The title will be __3___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London But my connection with pandas goes back ____4__ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s ___5__ I was the first Western TV reporter__6___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild My ambassadorial duties will include ___7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia
On my recent visit I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by ____8__ (it) mother The nursery team switches him every few __9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed ___10__ other is with mumshe never suspects
1_________ 2 _________3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
2 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work you should take a step back and identify (识)those of 1 ___(great)and less importance Then handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 2___(achieve) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 _(be) often acceptable
Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day So get an early start and try to be as productive __5__possible before lunch This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished
Recent ___6__ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 (regular) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for___8__while exercising or dong something you enjoy
If you find something you love doing outside of the office you’ll be less likely 9 (bring) your work home It could be anythinggardening cooking music sports—but whatever it is 10 __(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
3 In much of Asia especially the socalled rice bowl cultures of ChinaJapanKorea 1 Vietnam food is usually eaten with chopsticks
Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo They can also be made of plastic animal bone or metal Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic Truly elegant chopsticks might___2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal____3__(create)special designs
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years People probably cooked their food in large pots ____4__(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it Over time___5__the population grew people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which___6___(gradual)turned into chopsticks
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC influenced the 8 (develop) of chopsticks Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and____9__(be) too violent for use at the table
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia In India for example most people traditionally eat 10 their hands
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
4 It was raining lightly when I ____1___(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn But I didn’t care A few hours ____2__ I’d been at home in Hong Kong with ___3___(it) choking smog Here the air was clean and fresh even with the rain
I’d skipped nearby Guilin a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ___4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ___5__(painting) Instead I d headed straight for Yangshuo For those who fly to Guilin it’s only an hour away ___6___car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city
Yangshuo ___7__(be) really beautiful A study of travelers ___8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia Abercrombie & Kent a travel company in Hong Kong says it ___9__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ___10__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________9 __________ 10__________
5 The adobe dwellings(土坯房）__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers In addition to their simple beauty what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3___(able) to air condition a house without __4__（use）electric equipment Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat__5___（slow）during cool nights thus warming the house When a new day breaks the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6_(cool) the house during the hot day _7__ the same time they warm up again for the night This cycle __8 (go) day after day The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures As __9__ (nature) architects the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _10__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
6 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
In 1969 the pollution was terrible along the CuyahogaRiver near Cleveland Ohio It ___1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned Now years later this river is one of ___3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __4__even a few months It took years of work __5___ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water Finally that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ___6___ (clean) than ever
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation Maybe you have a habit ___7___is driving your family crazy Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use When you face such an impossible situation don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately
While there are ___8___(amaze) stories of instant transformation for most of us the ____9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work like cleaning up a polluted river Just be __10__ (patience)
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4__________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
7 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop worried about ___1__(be) late for school There were many people waiting at the bus stop _2__some of them looked very anxious and ____3__ (disappoint) When the bus finally came we all hurried on board I got a place next __4__the window so I had a good view of the sidewalk A boy on a bike __5__(catch) my attention He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop Still the boy kept __7__(ride) He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting Finally when we came to the next stop the boy ran up to the door of the bus I heard an excited conversation Then the driver stoop up and asked __8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop A woman on the bus shouted Oh dearIt is ____9__（I） She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the passengers __10__（sudden）became friendly to one another
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
8 Last yearmy brother and I went to Miami for a vacationSome of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destinationBefore we wentwe had planned for monthsWhen the day camewe were ready
After our plane landedwe went to the hotelWe had made our reservation six months __2__(early)but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistakeWe __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn＇t been reserved for that week__4__ for the week afterI didn＇t understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservationWhat＇s worsethe hotel had been fully bookedWhen we were wondering what to dothe manager came outShe was __7__(surprise)helpfulShe apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floorWe had never stayed in such an amazing roomand we weren＇t charged extra
The next daymy brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyballWe got a little __10__(sunburn)but the day had been so relaxing that we didn＇t mind
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10_________
9 One dayNick invited his friends to supperHe was cooking some delicious food in the kitchenSuddenlyhe __1__ (find)that he had run out of saltSo Nick called to his sonGo to the village and buy some saltbut pay a fair price for it：neither too much __2__ too little
His son looked surprisedI can understand why I shouldn＇t pay too muchFatherbut if I can pay less __3__ not save a bit of money
That would be a very __4__(reason)thing to do in a big citybut it could destroy a small village like oursNick said
Nick＇s guests __5__ had heard their conversationasked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they couldNick repliedThe only reason a man would sell salt __6__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for moneyAnd anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it
But such a small thing couldn＇t __8__(possible) destroy a village
In the beginning there was only __9__ very small amount of unfairness in the worldbut everyone added a littlealways __10__(think) that it was only small and not very importantand look where we have ended up today
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
10 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festivalI left it early because I had an appointment__1__(late) that dayMy friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me__2__ the bus arrivedI got on the bus and found a seat near the backand then I noticed a man__3__(sit) at the frontHe __4__(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voiceHe must be__5__(mental) disabled
Behind him were other people to __6__ he was trying to talkbut after some minutes __7__ walked away and sat near melooking annoyed
I didn＇t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn＇t like leaving him __8__ his own either
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the busI sat next to the man and introduced myselfWe had __9__ amazing conversationHe got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home
I＇m glad I made the choiceIt made __10__ of us feel good
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
11 Research has become both simpler and more complex It＇s simpler because __1__ you have a computer you can find information you need by searching the Internet For all your information you don＇t have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it Instead you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies neededRemember however that you should usually consult different types of sources That is you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research
While finding information is easier than ever at the same time researching has become __5__ complex There is a lot more material available which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project Also __8__need to check the accuracy of it
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________
12 Sometimes we have disagreements with peopleWhen this (1)h_____the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argumentHere (2)_____ my tips for you
The (3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important
Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_____ another student who you think isn＇t doing her share of the houseworkIf you say Look you never do your share of the housework(5) _____ are you going to do about it the discussion will very soon turn into an argumentIt＇s much more (6)_____ (帮助)to say something like I think we had (7)b_____ have another look about how we divide up the houseworkMaybe there is a better way of dealing with it
My second piece of (8)a_____ is simpleIf you＇re the person who is in the wrong just admit it This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argumentJust make an (9)_____ (道歉) and move onThe other person will have more respect for you (10)_____ the future if you do that
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
13 Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children He owned ___1___ farm which looked almost abandoned ___2___ (lucky) he also had a cow which produced milk every day He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly ___3___ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ___4___ (leave) The cow was their only means of support in fact One day the cow was eating grass ___5___ it began to rain heavily While making great efforts to run away she ___6___ (fall) over the hill and died Then the Johnson tried to make a living ___7___ the cow In order to support his family Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables Since the plants took a while to grow he started cutting down trees ___8___ (sell) the wood Thinking about his children’s clothes he started growing cotton too When harvest came around he was already selling herbs vegetables and cotton in the market ___9___ people from the town met regularly Now it occurred to ___10___ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
14 Jonny Hey I＇m just practicing Tai Chi(太极)Would you like to join me
Peter I know nothing about it Is it difficult
Jonny It seems easy but you need a lot of practice You just follow me like this
Peter OK Don＇t laugh 1 me I may look funny
Jonny Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches naturally and 2 (soft) Try to
keep your body straight Move slowly then be sure to keep your balance and don＇t let your
body shake
Peter I cannot control my body well My legs become 3 (pain)
Jonny Keep 4 (hold) your position for a while It helps develop your strength and
flexibility Raise your leg and let 5 stay in the air for seconds
Peter I feel my legs shaking I cannot do this any longer
Jonny Be patient Tai Chi 6 (call)shadow boxing in English It asks you to act like water to be
flexible as well 7 strong In real competition a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the
competitor and uses this energy to fight back The 8 (hard) you try to beat him the more
likely you will get hit He controls you
Peter Unbelievable Oh 9 you don＇t mind I＇ll stop and take a deep 10
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
15 The giant panda 1 (love) by people throughout the world Chinese scientists 2 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby She was a very 3 (care)mother For 25daysshe never left her baby not even to find something 4 (eat)She would not let any other pandas come near She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy)that would try to eat the little pandas The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does 6 it cried she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats The mother continued to care for the young panda 7 more than two years By that time the panda no longer needed 8 (it)mother for food However it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest Then after two and a half years the mother 9 (drive)the young panda away It was time for her to have a new baby10 it was also time for the young panda to be independent
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
16 Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him He suddenly appeared in class one day__1_( wear ) sun glasses He walked in as if he __2___( buy ) the school And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City
For some reason he sat beside Mary Mary felt __3 _ ( please ) because there were many empty seats in the room But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her it was probably the fact that she sat in __4___last row
_ 5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back he was wrong It might have made it a little __6__( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around but that didn’t stop the kids in the class Of course whenever they turned to look at him they had to look at Mary_ 7__made her feel like a star
Do you need those glasses for medical reasons the teacher asked The new boy shook his headThen I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you The new boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9_ the boy would do Then he took __10_ off gave a big smile and said That is cool
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
17 A young manwhile traveling through a desertcame across a spring of clear water___1____water was sweetHe filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ____2____ had been his teacher After a fourday journey the young man____3___(present) the water to the old man His teacher took a deep drink smiled____4____(warm) and thanked his student very much for the sweet waterThe young man went home____5_____a happy heart
After the student left the teacher let __6___student taste the water He spit it out __7___(say) it was awful Apparently it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container He asked his teacher Sir the water was awful Why did you pretend to like ___8____W_w wk*s*5 uc@o m
The teacher replied You tasted the water I tasted the gift The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet)
We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace the proper response is appreciation We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________9 __________ 10__________
18 Jane was walking round the department store She remembered how difficult _1_ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father She wished that he was as easy _2_ （please）as her motherwho was always delighted with perfume
Besidesshopping at this time of the year was not _3_ pleasant experience people stepped on your feet or _4_ （push）you with their elbows（肘部）hurrying ahead to get to a bargain
Jane paused in front of a counter _5_ some attractive ties were on display They are real silkthe assistant tried to attract her Worth double the price But Jane knew from past experience that her _6_ （choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered She found some good quality pipes _7_ sale She did not hesitate for long although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _8_
When Jane got homewith her small but wellchosen present in her bagher parents were already _9_ table having supper Her mother was excited Your father has at last decided to stop smoking Jane _10_ （inform）
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________9 __________ 10__________
19 Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life 1 these proverbs there are often interesting stories For example the proverb plucking up a crop 2 (help) it grow is based on the following story
It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 3 rice crop grow up quickly He was thinking about 4 day and night But the crop was growing much slower than he expected
One day he came up with an idea 5 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches He did so the next day
He was very tired 6 doing this for a whole day 7 he felt very happy since the crop did grow 8 (high)
His son heard about this and went to see the crop Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 9 (nature) course Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10 (result) in the contrary to our intention
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________9 __________ 10__________
20 I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains The sun was setting when my car 1 （break） down near a remote and poor village Cursing my misfortune I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 2 should have the honor of receiving me 3 a guest in their house Finally I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house While she was getting me 4 （settle） into a tiny but clean room the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 5 small town some 20 kilometres away 6 there was a garage
I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess＇s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table 7 villagers brought me goat＇s cheese and hone We drank together and talked 8 （merry） till far into the night
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village I wanted to reward the old woman 9 the trouble I had caused 10
1 _________ 2 _________ 3__________ 4 __________ 5__________
6 _________ 7 _________ 8__________ 9 __________ 10__________
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